The incidence rate of esophageal cancer has been decreasing since 1988 in Linxian and Cixian as the results of year-round preventive effort for several decades.But remarkable decreasing in incidence is confined to age group above the age of 60 year old only.For the age group from 40 through 60,the decreasing is slight;and for those under the age of 40 years old,no decrease can be perceived.This suggests that the primary risk of esophageal cancer still remains as strong in the high-risk areas,and the decreased incidence may be credited mainly to secondary preventive measures.Although early diagnosis is still the key to control esophageal cancer presently,the rate of early detection is very low due to the lack of efficient screening programs in the high-risk areas.Recently,Cancer Foundation of China initiated a series of endoscopic screening programs across the country aimed to improve early detection and treatment in the field.The objective of this article is to provide clues to help improving screening efficiency in the field.

Objective To investigate the different characteristics of chondrocyte apoptosis and the expression of(Bcl-2) and Bax in articular cartilage of children and adults with Kashin-Beck disease(KBD) so as to probe into the pathogenesis of chondronecrosis in KBD.Methods The collected samples of articular cartilage were divided into four groups: the control children(15 cases),KBD children(15 cases),the control adults(12 cases) and KBD adults(12 cases).Chondrocyte apoptosis was detected by the TUNEL method,and the Bcl-2 and Bax positive articular chondrocytes were stained by B-SA immunohistochemistry.Results ① The percentage of positive apoptotic chondrocytes stained by TUNEL in the middle zone of articular cartilage in the KBD-children group was higher than that in the control(P

Myocardial fibrosis is the common results of the development of a variety of heart diseases which leads to extracellular matrix protein metabolic disorders and causes cardiac remodeling owing to cardiac fibroblasts proliferation, eventually results in malignant arrhythmia, heart failure, and even the occurrence of sudden cardiac death. Effective inhibition of myocardial remodeling could prevent the occurrence of sudden death. To know the protein kinase C (PKC) effective mechanism of regulation on myocardial fibrosis, a new therapeutic target for reversing myocardial remodeling might be provided.

ObjectiveTo study the effect of different treatment on prolapse of lumbar intervertebral disc. Methods 169 patients with prolapse of lumbar intervertebral disc were divided into two groups, the contral group treated with traction and massage, and the comprehensive group treated with acupuncture, physical therapy, and phsiotherapy besides traction and massage. The assessment included index and rate in improvement and efficiency of rehabilitation. Results The index and rate in improvement and efficiency of rehabilitation is better in the comprehensive group than in the contral group. The course of treatment in the comprehensive group is shorter than that in the contral group.

Objective To summarize the experience of obtaining and maintaining grafting vessels correctly in order to prevent grafting vessels from occlusion and assure the success for myocardial revascularization.Methods The grafting vessels was obtained by the method of "no touch", active anticoagulant therapy and maintaining normal level of blood pressure and blood glucose after operation.Results Stable postoperative hemodynamic parameters and myocardial functional improvement without perioperative myocardial infarction and pectoris angina occurred in 15 patients with coronary heart disease.Conclusions Manipulating carefully and gently by the method of "no touch"and active anticoagulant therapy play an important role in the prevention of grafting vessels occlusion and the success of coronary artery bypass grafting.

Objective To investigate the protective effect and possible mechanism of Decorin on pulmonary fibrosis.Methods A total of 90 healthy Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups:group A served as control group,group B was injected BLMA5 through trachea,group C was injected BLMA5 and received treatment of Decorin.Ten rats in each group were killed 7、14、28 days after intratrachael instillation.TGF-?_1 expression was measured by immunohistochemical technique.The degree of alveolitis and fibrosis were measured by HE staining.The contents of hydroxideproline were measured in the homodenate of the rat lung.Results The expressions of TGF-?_1 were increased gradually in group B;in group C the expressions were decreased significantly than group B(P

Objective To explore the advantage of mild hypothermia and beating heart bypass in patch therapy for atrial septal defect. Methods 92 patients with atrial septal defect were carried out surgical repairing by mild hypothermia and beating heart bypass. Results There was no death. There was 1 case complicated by cerebral air embolism;The consciousness recovered after 3 days of operation. There were 2 cases of pneumonia. Conclusion The patch therapy of mild hypothermia and beating heart bypass for atrial septal defect had small influence on internal environmental,fewer complications,and could be easy to carry out,and could be the first choice.

Objective To investigate the effect of taurine(Tau) on the myocardial fibrosis and its mechanism.Methods The rat model of myocardial fibrosis was built by subcutaneous injection of isoprel(Iso).And the rats were divided into control group,model group and taurine group(80,160,320 mg?kg-1?d-1).Hydroxyproline measurment was carried out for detecting collagen quantification in myocardium tissue.Histopathology changes were detected by HE staining.In vitro,the cultured neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts(CFb) were divided into control group,model group and taurine group(40,80,160mmol?L-1).The proliferation of CFb was induced by angiotensin Ⅱ(AngⅡ) and detected by the thiazoleblue(MTT)colorimetric assay.TGF-?1 level was determined by ELISA technique.The expression of cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor p27 was assessed with flow cytometry.Results In vivo,the contents of hydroxyproline were decreased in Tau(160,320 mg?kg-1?d-1) groups as compared with model group(P

Aim To investigate the effect of taurine(Tau)on the cardiac fibroblast(CFb)cell cycle and its regulatory protein expression,and to explore the underlying mechanism of Tau-inhibiting the proliferation of CFb.Methods The proliferation of cultured neonatal rat CFb was induced by Angiotensin Ⅱ and detected by the thiazole blue(MTT)colorimetric assay.Hydroxyproline measurement was carried out to detect the collagen quantification.The expression of cell cycle regulatory protein cyclin D and p27 were determined by the combination of immunocytochemical staining and image analysis software.Cell cycle and p27 were assessed via flow cytometry.Results CFb proliferation and hydroxyproline content in culture medium were markedly inhibited when CFb were treated with taurine at concentrations of 40,80 and 160 mmol?L-1 for 24 hours(P

Objective:To investigate the effect of Shuanghuangbu slow releasing strip (SRSS) on the expression of BMP2 and IGF1 in the experimental regeneration of periodontium. Methods:Periodontal defects were surgically made around the second incisor and the ca nine in four beagle dogs .32 defects were randomly divided into experimental gr oup and control group with 16 defects in each group. SRSS was applied to the e xperimental group and no disposition to periodontal defect in the control group. Two teeth of each dog were randomly chosen as the natural controls.Specimens we re respectively obtained one month and three months after operation. BMP2 and I GF1 were quantitatively analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Results:The positive rate of BMP2 and IGF1 in experimental group were higher t han those in the control( P