Objective To investigate the effects of comprehensive pain management on pains and recovery of knee function of patients who hadundergone total knee arthroplasty(TKA).Methods A total of 50 patients who had undergone single-knee TKA surgery were selected and divided into 2 groups of 25 patients each:the study group and the control group.The control group was given patient-controlled epidural analgesia while the study group was given comprehensive pain management.The two groups were compared in terms of score on pain within 7 days after operation,knee joint activity and the incidence of adverse reaction within 10 days after operation(the 1st,3rd,7th,10th day).Results Within 7 days,the scores on pain in the study were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).The scores on the knee joint activity in the study group on the 1st,3rd,7th,10th day were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05)and the incidences of adverse reaction were significantly lower as well (P<0.05).Conclusion Comprehensive pain management is effective for post-surgery pain control and the hastened TKA patients, and the improved quality of life.

Nature of Chinese materia medica is the nucleus in the theory of Chinese material medica, according to the recognition of Traditional Chinese Medicine, which is the character of the drug related on curative effect. Nature and efficacy of a drug is through the medical material, then, physical environment, including the temperature, humidity, atmospheric water, wind, topography, soil, micro-organism, and so on, influence the growth and development of the medical meterial. In this paper, we researched the explanation on nature of Chinese materia medica in the medical books of past dynasties, combined with the modem research, analyzed the relationship between generative reception and physical environmental factors, and discussed the effect of physical environmental factors on nature of Chinese materia medica. We indicated that the formation of Chinese materia medical nature is that the drug receptive the change of physical environmental factors, and resulted by the synthetic action of the factors, such as climate, soil, biology, topography, etc.
Environment ; Humans ; Materia Medica ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

We had applied methods of stratified sampling and simple random sampling and collected 1704 questionnaires in 21 various hospitals, 18 provinces, then analyzed them. The conclusion showed that 78.4 percent experts presumed that the dosage rang of some traditional Chinese medicine should be revised. The dosages in the pharmacopoeia are not coincided with the practical dosages, and demand to revise. This paper will offer the consummate data for formulating the new dosage standard.
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Dosage Calculations ; Drug Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Surveys and Questionnaires

UNLABELLEDTo carry out the " China Medicinal Animal Fauna" addenda and revision, with effective assessment, protection, utilization of medicinal animal resources, to promote sustainable modem research and application for medicinal animals and medical materials from animals.

METHODKeep the original "China Medicinal Animal Fauna" characteristics and peculiarities, combined with nearly 30-year research progress of zoology and medicinal animals, and author's long-standing and rich experience.

RESULTDevelop the addenda's general framework, addenda and revision contents, revision methods and technical routes of the "China Medicinal Animal Fauna".

CONCLUSIONBased on the research of medicinal animal resource system, fully use of modern molecular biology and other emerging science and technology, rich the scientific connotation of medicinal material from animal, will promote the research and use of medical material from animal to a new level.

Animals ; China ; Eukaryota ; chemistry ; classification ; genetics ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Reference Books, Medical

OBJECTIVETo provide the basis for improving utilization of Artemisia annua germplasm resources and breeding variety, the interrelations between artemisinin content, artemisinin yield and agronomic traits of A. annua were studied.

METHODThe artemisinin content and each agronomic trait of 63 A. annua germplasm resources were measured by the visual observation and measurement methods. And the correlation analysis, regression analysis and path analysis were adopted.

RESULTThe result showed that there were significant differences in the artemisinin content and yield of 63 germplasm resources from the main production region of A. annua. Correlation analysis showed that there were significantly positive correlation between leaf weight and artemisinin yield with stem and branch characters, but there were negative correlation between artemisinin content with leaf characters of A. annua plant. The artemisinin content of A. annua increased with the increasing of primary branch number, bottom secondary branch number, and bottom stem diameter, etc. On the other hand, it decreased with the increasing of top secondary branch number, secondary leaf axis length, and bottom branch diameter, etc. The artemisinin yield of A. annua increased with the increasing of artemisinin content, leaf weight, and bottom secondary branch number, etc., and decreased with the increasing of bottom branch diameter, middle secondary branch number, and stem weight, etc. Path analysis showed that the primary branch number and bottom secondary branch number had a direct positive effect on the artemisinin content of A. annua. But the top secondary branch number had a direct negative effect on the artemisinin content of A. annua. The leaf weight and artemisinin content had a direct positive effect on the artemisinin yield and the ratio of leaf/stem, branch weight and stem weight had a direct negative effect.

CONCLUSIONOn the breeding A. annua variety, it can take into account both high leaf yield and high artemisinin content. And it was strongly recommend that the plant with moderate plant height and crown, shortness pinnae and secondary leaf axis, less middle and top secondary branch, strong stem, higher primary branch number and bottom secondary branch number, and higher ratio leaf/stem could be selected for breeding new varieties with high leaf yield and high artemisinin content.

Artemisia annua ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Artemisinins ; analysis ; Biomass ; Plant Extracts ; analysis ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; growth & development

OBJECTIVEEnable to make the origin of some medicinal materials from animals-national-standard Chinese Pharmacopoeia subdivision 1 more complete, to protect and utilize the wild medicinal animal resources, and to improve the quality of traditional Chinese medicines materials materials.

METHODIn accordance with author's over two decades of studies in medicinal material from animals and medicinal animals, combining with modern animal classification findings, comparing the contents of medicinal material origin from animals in Pharmacopoeia new edition.

RESULTGive amendment advices on gallnut, concha arcae, zaocys dhumnade, gadfly, and so forth the fifteen kinds of medicinal material origin from animals' taxonomic status, Chinese names and their Latin scientific names.

CONCLUSIONThe origin of accuracy of medicinal material origin from animals is critical to ensure the quality of traditional Chinese medicine. As a national-level traditional Chinese medicine code of laws, it should advance with times, actively absorb and adopt the latest achievements in scientific research. Meanwhile, modern molecular biology techniques should be used to develop the research of conventional medicinal material origin from animals in a planned and systematic manner.

Animals ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Pharmacopoeias as Topic

OBJECTIVETo establish a convenient, practical and high efficient method of DNA extraction of os cervi, and lay the foundation of identification of animal bones.

METHODThe bones of sika deer, red deer, cattle, dog and pig were used to extract DNA under different decalcification time (24,48,72 h) and decalcification temperature (4,25,37,56,70 degrees C), and extract method.

RESULTIt proved by experiments that demineralization process promotes the cracking of osteocyte. In a broad of decalcification time and temperature, DNA could be extracted from all bone samples successfully while the quantity varied slightly.

CONCLUSIONSamples (about 0.1 g) decalcify with 0. mol x L(-1) EDTA at 4 degrees C for 24 h, then water-bath for 1 h after lysis buffer added, DNA extracted via the method above is of high quality and can be used for PCR.

Animals ; Bone Demineralization Technique ; Bone and Bones ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Cattle ; DNA ; isolation & purification ; Deer ; Dogs ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Swine ; Temperature ; Time Factors

This paper summarized and analyzed the status quo and problems about molecular identification of animal medical material, based on the facts, we proposed some research strategies, including uniting to tackle key problems, expanding the research species, accelerating manufacture and generalization of molecular identification kit, priming the research project of DNA barcoding, and establishing standard database on animal medical material.
Animal Structures ; Animals ; DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic ; Databases, Genetic ; standards ; Materia Medica ; analysis ; Mitochondria ; genetics ; Research

Objective To improve the prognosis of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a model of structure-based outpatient training course was conducted to explore the intervention effect for children with ASD. Methods 154 children with ASD were included in the present study (aged 1.6-5.5 years). All children were received the inpatient training course. The training course included individual coaching, game, motor, music courses etc. The training course lasted 1 month, 8 hours per day. All children were also received the Psycho-educational Profile-3rd Edition(PEP-3) assessment at the beginning and ending of training. Results Children with ASD scored significant raw scores in cognitive verbal/preverbal (29.08 ± 13.23 vs. 43.27 ± 11.62), expressive language (13.33 ± 10.55 vs. 25.38 ± 11.82), receptive language (15.77 ± 10.64 vs. 27.48 ± 8.42), fine motor (25.97 ± 6.10 vs. 32.64 ± 5.07), gross motor (23.03 ± 5.52 vs. 27.72 ± 2.95), visual-motor imitation (10.65 ± 5.31 vs. 15.44 ± 3.76), affective expression (14.34 ± 4.31 vs. 16.36 ± 3.85), social reciprocity (11.90 ± 4.01 vs. 16.08 ± 4.13), personal self-care (13.39 ± 4.70 vs. 16.98 ± 4.30) and adaptive behaviors (17.8 ± 4.95 vs. 20.33 ± 5.37) (t=5.43-20.70, all P<0.05). Conclusions The model of structure-based inpatient training course is effective program to improve the prognosis of children with ASD .

OBJECTIVE： To investigate the effects of dexmedetomidine combined with mild hypothermia on the levels of High mobility group box 1 protein （HMGB1）， Toll like receptor 4 （TLR4） and Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 （Trem-1） in lung tissues of sepsis model rats. METHODS： Totally 100 SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group （normal saline）， model group （normal saline）， dexmedetomidine group （2 μg/kg）， mild hypothermia group （normal saline+anal temperature 32-35 ℃ caused by whole body spraying of cold water） and combination group （dexmedetomidine 2 μg/kg+anal temperature 32-35 ℃ caused by whole body spraying of cold water）， with 20 rats in each group. Except that sham operation group received sham operation， sepsis model was induced in other groups. After ligation and incision， the corresponding drugs were pumped into the jugular vein and the corresponding body temperature was maintained. Plasma samples were collected 6 h after operation. Interleukin 1 （IL-1）， IL-6， tumor necrosis factor α （TNF-α） were determined by ELISA. The lung wet mass/dry mass ratio （W/D） was calculated by weighing the mass. Lung tissue sections were observed by HE staining， and lung injury scores were scored. The activity of MPO in lung tissue was determined by immunoturbidimetry. The expression of HMGB1，TLR4 and Trem-1 protein was determined by Western blot. RESULTS： Compared with sham operation group， the contents of IL-1， IL-6 and TNF-α， W/D， lung injury score， MPO activity， the protein expression of HMGB1， TLR4 and Trem-1 were increased significantly， with statistical significance （P＜0.05）； lung tissue section showed that alveolar wall was obviously thickened； a large number of inflammatory cells infiltrated； blood vessels were obviously dilated and congested. Compared with model group， above indexes of rats in dexmedetomidine group， mild hypothermia group and combination group were decreased significantly， with statistical significance （P＜0.05）； the degree of pathological changes in lung tissue was significantly reduced. Compared with dexmedetomidine group and mild hypothermia group， above indexes of combination group were decreased more significantly， with statistical significance （P＜0.05）. Alveolar walls were thickened， inflammatory cell infiltration was relieved significantly and no vascular diatation and congestion was found. CONCLUSIONS： Dexmedetomidine combined with mild hypothermia can significantly improve lung injury in sepsis model rats， and down-regulate the protein expression of HMGB1， TLR4 and Trem-1. Therapeutic efficacy of combination therapy is better than single therapy.