BACKGROUND:The bone mineral density is a static parameter that reflects the bone mass in a relatively long time. If you want to know the dynamic changes of bone metabolism, bone metabolism markers should be evaluated.
OBJECTIVE:To explore changes of bone metabolism markers and bone mineral density during perioperative period in patients with spine and joint degeneration and osteoporotic fractures.
METHODS:We retrieved PubMed and Wanfang database for articles published from 2005 to 2016. The key words were“bone metabolic markers, bone mineral density, serum, urine”. Twenty-nine articles were analyzed according to inclusion and exclusion criteria.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At present, bone formation markers commonly used in clinic mainly included bone alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, procol agen type I N-terminal peptide, and procol agen type I C-terminal peptide. Bone resorption markers included tartrate resistant acid phosphatase, col agen type I N-terminal telopeptide, col agen type I C-terminal telopeptide, deoxidation pyridinoline, pyridinoline, and hydroxyproline. Bone mineral density had little change, and bone resorption markers were elevated in patients with spine and joint degeneration and osteoporotic fractures, indicating active resorption. Increased bone formation markers in patients with fracture during perioperative period suggested that new bone formed in perioperative period of fracture. In the perioperative period, bone formation markers reduced and bone formation was inhibited in patients with bone degeneration. Increased bone resorption is more obvious in perioperative period in patients with bone and joint disease and fractures, which probably further aggravated the degree of osteoporosis, and should be treated by regular anti-osteoporosis therapy.

Objective To discuss the application of early intraperitoneal perfusion combined with intravenous chemotherapy in patients with advanced colorectal cancer.Methods 100 patients with advanced colorectal cancer were randomly divided into two groups, 50 cases in each group.The control group was treated with intravenous chemotherapy alone after surgery.The observation group was given low perfusion combined with intravenous chemotherapy after surgery.The clinical effect and adverse reaction of the two groups were compared.Results The total effective rate and 3-year survival rate of the observation group(86.0%,34.0%) were significantly higher than those of the control group(68.0%,20.0%).The recurrence rate and metastasis rate of the observation group(14.0%,10.0%) were significantly lower than those of the control group(34.0%,28.0%), the differences were statistically significant(x2=4.482,4.486,5.482,5.263,all P<0.05).At the same time,there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion Early intraperitoneal perfusion combined with intravenous chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer can improve the long term survival rate of patients,and the curative effect is accurate.Therefore,it has the value of popularization and application in clinic.

Desmoplastic small round cell tumors (DSRCTs) are a rare malignancy found in male adolescents that initially occur mostly in the abdominal cavity. Diagnosis is based on the histologic analysis of biopsies, which typically show small round blue cells in nests separated by abundant desmoplastic stroma. DSRCTs are associated with a unique chromosomal translocation t (11:22) (p 13;q 12) that involves the Ewing's sarcoma (EWS) gene and the Wilms' tumor (WT1) gene. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction can be used to detect the fusion gene in fresh or paraffin-embedded tissues, which confirms the diagnosis. The prognosis is particularly poor. The median survival ranges from 17 to 25 months. Management of DSRCT remains challenging despite the use of aggressive ther-apies such as polychemotherapy, debulking surgery, and whole abdominal radiation. Several methods for improving patient survival are being evaluated, such as the addition of chemotherapy and targeted therapies to normal neoadjuvant protocols, complete surgical resec-tion with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy, postoperative intensity-modulated radiation therapy, and yttrium-90 microsphere liver embolization for treating hepatic metastases.

Objective To investigate the effect of radiofrequency on sodium/iodide symporter expression in thyroid cancer cell. Methods 29 thyroid cancer patients with low or no expression of sodium/iodide symporter underwent radiofrequency ablation combining 131I radiotherapy. Whole-body nuclide imaging and serum Ig were examined before and after radiofrequency ablation. Results Whole-body nuclide imaging showed that there were 4 cases (4/29) positive before radiofrequency ablation, 19 cases (19/29) positive two weeks after radiofrequency ablation and 12 cases (12/29) positive four weeks after radiofrequency ablation. Four weeks after radiofrequency ablation, 4 cases showed an increased serum Ig level, 17 cases with a decreased serum Ig level and 17 cases without any change in serum Ig level. The total effective cases were 25 (25/29) and 15 cases (15/29) were completely cured. Conclusion Radiofrequency ablation induces thyroid cancer cells without sodium/iodide symporter expression to resume iodine intake and thus increased clinical effect of 131I on undifferentiated thyroid cancer.

Two decolorizing agents for formalin-fixed skin have been studied, of which one is a mixture of Ac_2O, H_2O_2, KOAc, and EDTA, and the other, a mixture of H_2O_2, KOAc, and EDTA. These decolorizing agents possess stronger decolorizing ability and are less damageable to skin than commonly used aqueous H_2O_2, solution. The reactions between the decolorizing agents and keratin in epidermis have been revealed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to be mainly oxidation of the disulfide linkage of cystine to sulfonate group.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of statins in primary and secondary stroke prevention.Methods We search in PubMed(1966—2006),Cochrane library(issue 1,2006),CNKI(1979—2006)and VIP(1989—2006)to get systematic reviews(SRs),meta-analyses and randomized controlled trials(RCTs)about statins for stroke prevention.Results We found 4 meta-analyses,8 RCTs about the primary stroke prevention and 1 Cochrane systematic review and an ongoing RCT about secondary stroke prevention.Conclusion Statins therapy can reduce the incidence of stroke,especially in high-risk patients with coronary heart disease,hypertension and diabetes.Statins have positive effect for primary stroke prevention and do not increase the incidence of hemorrhagic stroke and tumor.The clinical evidence about the effect of statins in secondary stroke prevention is insufficient.An ongoing stroke trial will provide important evidence for secondary stroke prevention.

Objective To investigate the inpatients' evaluation of quality nursing care and disucss different data collecting methods on patients's evaluation of quality nursing care. Methods Patients measure up to standard (82 cases) were divided into the questionnaire group and the interview group with 41 patients in each group. The questionnaire investigation was carried out in the questionnaire group by applying 4 themes of quality nursing care. The interview group used structured interview instead. The results of the two methods were compared and analyzed. Results The score of quality nursing care of the questionnaire group was higher than that of the interview group (P<0.01) in evaluating health education method. In humanistic environment patients in the questionnaire group thought nurses could protect their privacy, respect their personality and treat them and their family members kindly. Besides visiting institution was reasonable. All of these were the demonstration of quality nursing care. The above results were different from those of the interview group (P<0.01). Conclusions Patients had comprehensive requirement on quality nursing care. Nurses should, use this as reference, regulate their service behavior and improve nursing quality.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of lymph node micrometastases in central group(Ⅵ) lymph node in follicular carcinoma of thyroid.Methods Three hundred and twenty-six negative neck lymph nodes in 68 cases on routine pathological examination(pN0) were examined by keratin-19 monoclonal antibody and S-P immunohistochemistry to detect expression of keratin-19 to confirm lymph node micrometastasis in each neck lymph node,and compare the pathological type and follow-up data of all cases.ResultsThere were 46 neck lymph nodes showed positive lymph node micrometastasis among 326 negative neck lymph nodes that included 4 lymph nodes in group Ⅱ(4/42),5 lymph nodes in group Ⅲ(5/34),5 lymph nodes in group Ⅳ(5/49),1 lymph node in groupⅤ(1/17) and 31 lymph nodes in group Ⅵ(31/184).6 in 14 cases with positive lymph node micrometastases showed distant metastasis or local recurrence,but only 3 in 54 cases with negative lymph node that micrometastases distant metastasis or local recurrence(P

Aim To investigate the the protective effects of a novel recombinant Trichinella spiralis 38 ku protein ( rTsP38 ) on intestinal I/R injury and the po-tential mechanisms. Methods Male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into sham group ( group S) , in-jury group ( group I) , rTsP38 vaccinated group ( group T) and adjuvants vaccinated group ( group A ) , and received subcutaneously phosphate buffer solution (PBS), PBS, rTsP38, or adjuvants, respectively, at 2-week intervals 6 weeks before the surgical proce-dure. Results Intestinal I/R caused severe intestinal injury evidenced by significant increases in modified Chiu 's score and neutrophils infiltration, accompanied by decreases in daily food intake and body weight. The mRNA level of arginase-1 ( Arg-1 ) was decreased and the mRNA level of inducible nitric oxide synthase 2 ( NOS2) was increased in group I. RTsP38 significant-ly ameliorated intestinal injury and improved intestinal function following intestinal I/R accompanied by de-crease in neutrophils infiltration and increase in cell proliferation in the intestine, compared to mice without rTsP38 pretreatment. Fold changes of Arg-1 mRNA level were significantly increased in group T. Conclu-sions These findings indicate that rTsP38 exerts pro-tection on intestinal I/R injury in mice via promoting M2 macrophages polarization.

[Objective] To explore whether necroptosis is involved in the mechanism of lung injury induced by intestinal ischemia-reperfusion.[Method] Thirty-two healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into 4 groups (n--8):sham operation group (sham group),isehemia/ reperfusion group (I/R group),necroptosis inhibitor necrostatin-1 group (Nec-1 group) and solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) group (DMSO group).Model of intestinal I/R injury was produced by clamping the superior mesenteric artery for 1.5 h followed by 6 h reperfusion in rats.Necrostatin-1 1.0 mg/kg was administered 30 min before occlusion in Nec1 group,while the equal volume of DMSO was given instead in DMSO group.The rats were sacrificed at 6 h of reperfusion and the lung tissues were removed for measurement of wet-dry ratio and microscopic examination and scored.The expression of receptor-interacting protein 1 (RIP1) and receptor-interacting protein 3 (RIP3) in lung tissues was detected using Western-blot and immunohistochemistry.[Result] Compared with sham group,lung morphology score and wet/dry ratio in I/R,DMSO group raised (P ＜ 0.05).Lung morphology score and wet/dry ratio statistically declined in Nec-1 group compared with I/R and DMSO group (P ＜ 0.05),while there was no statistical difference of wet/dry ratio between sham group and Nec-1 group (P ＞ 0.05).As the result of westernblot and immunohistochemistry showed,the expression of RIP1 and RIP3 was up-regulated in I/R group and DMSO group (P ＜0.05),which was inhibited by Nec-1 in Nec-1 group (P ＜ 0.05).[Conclusion] Necroptosis is involved in the mechanism of lung injury induced by intestinal ischemia-reperfusion,and Nec-1,the special inhibitor of RIP1,can reduce the injury.