ObjectiveTo explore the effects of different health management on adults with prediabetes.MethodsA total of 1182 pre-diabetics were enrolled in this prospective observation study and assigned to one-by-one interview group,in situ education group,communicative interview group and control group.Three intervention groups received life style intervention ( including health education and risk factor control) for 2 years.Analysis ofvariance,x2 test or q test were used for data analysis.ResultsAfteryear intervention,fasting plasma glucose (FPG)and 2 h plasma glucose of the intervention groups were significantly decreased ( P ＜ 0.05 ).FPG of the one-by-one interview group and the in situ education group was significantly lower than that of the communicative interview group at 6 months ( P ＜ 0.05 ). At 24months,FPG of the one-by-one interview group was lower than that of the in situ education group (P ＜0.05).The percentage of participants who showed appropriate blood glucose control was increased in the intervention groups. In addition,blood pressure,triglyceride,cholesterol,creatinine and body weight of those in the intervened groups were significantly improved compared with the control group ( all P ＜ 0.05 ),although electrocardiogram results and arteriosclerosisshowed nosignificant changes(P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusion Health management may contribute to life style change and hypertension control of prediabetics.Furthermore,in situ education may be the most effective life style interventions.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of modified femoral neck osteotomy(mFNO)in the surgical treatment of patients with ankylosing spondylitis(AS)and severe spinal kyphosis combined with hip flexion contracture.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 61 AS patients(103 hips)with spinal kyphosis and hip flexion contracture who underwent pedicle subtraction osteotomy(PSO)and total hip arthroplasty(THA)from January 1,2019 to November 15,2023.Data on mFNO operation time,blood loss,preoperative and postoperative values of the angle of the trunk and lower limb(ATL),hip passive range of motion(ROM),visual analogue scale(VAS),and incidence of in-hospital compli-cations were recorded.Statistical analysis was performed using paired-samples t test.P＜0.05 was con-sidered statistically significant.Results:The study ultimately included 10 cases,9 males and 1 female,with an average age of(41.30±9.03)years.These patients underwent surgery for a total of 52 times,including 19 hips both receiving mFNO and THA,and 14 times PSO.The average operation time for nine bilateral mFNO was(133.11±34.81)min,with blood loss of(433.33±187.10)mL.A unilateral mFNO took 60 min with 200 mL of blood loss.The preoperative ATL of 19 hips was 40.37°±13.66°,and the postoperative ATL value was 88.47°±12.46°(P＜0.05).The preoperative VAS score was 0,while the postoperative VAS score was 5.95±1.51(P＜0.05).The preoperative hip extension ROM was 37.37°±18.13°,while the postoperative hip extension ROM was-4.95°±21.24°(P＜0.05).Hip flexion ROM improved from 37.37°±18.13° to 50.79°±20.36° after FNO(P＜0.05).There were three cases of in-hospital complications(3/52,5.67％):One case of postoperative atelectasis fol-lowing PSO(1/52,1.92％),one greater trochanter fracture identified during THA(1/52,1.92％),and one early dislocation post-THA(1/52,1.92％).Conclusion:mFNO significantly improves the ATL in AS patients with severe spinal kyphosis combined with hip flexion contracture,facilitating PSO and THA surgeries.

Objective To investigate the type and consumption of sanitary insecticides used in Putuo District of Shanghai， determine the current resistance of Aedes albopictus to the insecticides， and explore the causes of regional variations in insecticide resistance spectrum. Methods Public and private institutions of pest control operation were investigated on the use of sanitary insecticides. Dipping method and tube method were used to measure the insecticide resistance of Aedes albopictus， including larvae and adults. Results The main insecticides used in residential areas and governmental units was β-cypermethrin， while that in markets and public environment was propoxur. In addition， and the insecticides in dengue control program was λ-cyhalothrin. Aedes albopictus larvae had medium resistance to parathion， and were sensitive to propoxur， with insignificant change within three years. Their resistance to permethrin and deltamethrin was medium and high， respectively. Moreover， resistance to β-cypermethrin increased over years. In contrast， resistance of adult Aedes albopictus differed by area， except consistently being sensitive to fenitrothion. Conclusion Multiple sanitary insecticides have been used in Putuo District. In addition， Aedes albopictus has different resistance to these insecticides by area. It suggests that resistance surveillance should be promoted， which may be crucial for scientific application of insecticides and impede the development of potential resistance.

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), one of the dominating constituents of tumor microenvironment, are important contributors to cancer progression and treatment resistance. Therefore, regulation of TAMs polarization from M2 phenotype towards M1 phenotype has emerged as a new strategy for tumor immunotherapy. Herein, we successfully initiated antitumor immunotherapy by inhibiting TAMs M2 polarization via autophagy intervention with polyethylene glycol-conjugated gold nanoparticles (PEG-AuNPs). PEG-AuNPs suppressed TAMs M2 polarization in both in vitro and in vivo models, elicited antitumor immunotherapy and inhibited subcutaneous tumor growth in mice. As demonstrated by the mRFP-GFP-LC3 assay and analyzing the autophagy-related proteins (LC3, beclin1 and P62), PEG-AuNPs induced autophagic flux inhibition in TAMs, which is attributed to the PEG-AuNPs induced lysosome alkalization and membrane permeabilization. Besides, TAMs were prone to polarize towards M2 phenotype following autophagy activation, whereas inhibition of autophagic flux could reduce the M2 polarization of TAMs. Our results revealed a mechanism underlying PEG-AuNPs induced antitumor immunotherapy, where PEG-AuNPs reduce TAMs M2 polarization via induction of lysosome dysfunction and autophagic flux inhibition. This study elucidated the biological effects of nanomaterials on TAMs polarization and provided insight into harnessing the intrinsic immunomodulation capacity of nanomaterials for effective cancer treatment.