To investigate the clinical value of cardiac magnetic resonance feature tracking (CMR-FT) technology in the assessment of the right ventricle function in patients with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICIs)-related myocarditis.

Viral hepatitis and related liver diseases are among the most significant global healthcare issues. Viral hepatitis not only directly affects liver function but also interacts with the gut microbiota through the gut-liver axis. Imbalance in the gut microbiota may be associated with the occurrence, development and prognosis of viral hepatitis and related liver diseases. Detection and analysis of the gut microbiota can help to comprehensively understand the health status of patients with viral hepatitis and related liver diseases, providing a basis for early diagnosis. Recovery of gut microbiota dysbiosis may help to alleviate liver inflammation and to improve liver function. Regulating the gut microbiota through gut microbiota transplantation, probiotics and prebiotics may be new strategies for treating viral hepatitis and related liver diseases. By analyzing the latest research progress of gut microbiota in viral hepatitis and related liver diseases, this article provides new methods for the diagnosis and treatment of viral hepatitis and related liver diseases.

Objective The finite element pelvis model with detailed anatomical structures which meets the Chinese human 95th percentile characteristics is developed,and the influence of cortical bone modeling method on the biomechanical response of the real pelvis is explored.Methods Based on the pelvic medical images of a 95th percentile male volunteer,two finite element pelvis models with real hip bone cortical bone thickness(REA-M)and 2 mm uniform cortical bone thickness(CON-M)dominated by hexahedral elements were constructed.Using the simulation method to reconstruct the loading conditions of cadaver experiments,the validation of models was verified by comparing the cadaver experimental results and simulation results,and biomechanical response differences of two models under different working conditions were discussed.Results The simulation data showed that there was a strong correlation between the overall biomechanical responses of two pelvic models and the cadaver experiment,and the mechanical response difference between two models was mostly within 8％,and the correlation score difference between two models was smaller than 2％.Conclusions The validation of two pelvic models established in this study is verified by rebuilding multiple simulation experiments.Although the biomechanical responses of CON-M and REA-M models were different,the difference was small.From the perspective of model simplification,the CON-M model can be used to study the biomechanical response of the pelvis.

AIM:To investigate the effects of high-dose methotrexate(MTX)on alkaline phosphatase(ALP)and the effects of ALP changes on bone me-tabolism,bone marrow granulogram function,liver function and excretion.METHODS:Aspartate ami-notransferase(AST),alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and albumin(ALB)were used as liver function indi-cators,serum calcium(Ca)and phosphorus(P)were used as bone metabolism indicators,neutro-phil(ANC)and white blood cell count(WBC)were used as bone marrow granuloline function indica-tors,and methotrexate C48h concentration ≥1 μmol/L was used as the excretion delay.One-way ANOVA analysis was performed on the ALP levels before and after the first chemotherapy and the second chemotherapy,and the children were divided into normal group and low group according to the ALP level,and the seven indexes before and after che-motherapy were quantitatively and qualitatively an-alyzed,and univariate and multivariate Logistic re-gression analysis was performed on the concentra-tion of methotrexate C48h and the above indexes in the children treated with the second chemothera-py.RESULTS:After the first chemotherapy and the second chemotherapy,ALP was significantly de-creased[(204.0±83.6)U/L vs.(172.8±67.3)U/L,(179.4±59.3)U/L vs.(169.6±57.1)U/L,all P＜0.05],and the serum Ca,P,ANC,WBC,and ALB were sig-nificantly decreased(P＜0.05),and AST and ALT were increased(P＜0.05),and ALT was an indepen-dent risk factor for delayed excretion(OR=1.049,95％CI 1.023-1.077,P＜0.001),ALB was an indepen-dent protective factor for delayed excretion(OR=0.551,95％CI 0.460-0.660,P＜0.001),and ALP was not a significant contributor to MTX excretion de-lay.CONCLUSION:ALP is not a good predictor of liv-er function and bone marrow granulopathy func-tion due to a significant decrease in ALP caused by high-dose MTX,and ALP together with serum calci-um and phosphorus levels can constitute an early warning indicator of bone metabolism disorders.

Based on CT scan data,a bionic model of lumbar spine injuries with high biofidelity is developed and validated through cadaver experiments.Decoupling the constraint system that affects occupants during collisions due to inertial forces and the subsequent pressure exerted by the seat upon returning to position,a simulated fall experiment is designed.The simulated outcomes are trained and predicted using deep learning algorithms,and the accuracy of the trained neural network prediction model is verified.Key parameters are analyzed for correlation using principal component analysis and cross-reverse methods.The results shows that the predicted lumbar spine injury model obtained from training has high reliability(R2>0.9).Comprehensive analysis reveals that after experiencing axial impact,the L4 vertebral body bears the highest impact load and can be used as a representative measure of lumbar spine injury.Among the environmental variables,the axial force on the L4 lumbar spine is mainly affected by torso mass and fall height,both of which have positive correlations.Torso mass,fall height,and posture angle all have positive effects on internal energy.Conversely,torso mass and fall height have negative correlations with stress.These research findings provide a scientific basis for further elucidating lumbar spine injury mechanisms in intelligent cockpit environments,devising corresponding safety protection measures,and evaluating occupant safety in automobiles.

Acute pancreatitis(AP)is an autopeptic disease,which can be accompanied by systemic inflammation and multiple organ failure.Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have been used in the treatment of AP and have shown good application potential.MSCs can act through multiple mechanisms to reduce pancreatic inflammation and enhance tissue repair.These mechanisms include homing to injury sites,anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects,oxidative stress reduction,inhibition of apoptosis and suppression of autophagy.Additionally,MSCs can mitigate multi-organ damage associated with AP,impacting lungs,intestines,heart and other organs.Research on the application of MSCs in treating AP is predominantly at the preclinical animal study stage,with limited clinical investigations reported.This article reviews the mechanisms and research progress of MSCs in the treatment of AP,aiming to provide references for basic research and clinical applications.

BACKGROUND:At present,the clinical application of gastrointestinal stents is relatively common.Conventional self-expanding metal and plastic stents have the problems of easy displacement,difficulty to remove,and postoperative restenosis.With the advantages of biodegradability and low postoperative restenosis rate,biodegradable drug-eluting stents have become the hot spot in the research of gastrointestinal stents.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the research progress of biodegradable drug-eluting gastrointestinal stents and to provide a forecast of biodegradable drug-eluting gastrointestinal stents.METHODS:Relevant articles were retrieved on CNKI,WanFang,PubMed,and Web of Science databases from January 1994 to March 2024.The Chinese and English search terms were"biodegradable,drug-eluting stent,esophageal stent,biliary stent,pancreatic duct stent,intestinal stent,gastrointestinal stent."Finally,64 articles were included for review and analysis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Biodegradable drug-eluting gastrointestinal stent is a medical device that uses biodegradable material as the main body of the stent,carries and locally elutes drugs for different therapeutic purposes,and plays the dual roles of physical support and drug therapy.By adjusting the properties of stent materials,improving manufacturing processes and auxiliary means,the degradation rate of stents can be accelerated or slowed down to meet clinical needs.Drug elution technology uses drug coatings,nanoparticles,and polymer drug-loaded films,as drug-loading platforms to accurately release drugs,increase local drug concentrations in lesions,and reduce drug loss and systemic absorption of toxic drugs.(2)The main structure of biodegradable drug-eluting gastrointestinal stent is one or more functional drugs combined with biodegradable polymers,metals or nanofiber materials.The available functional drugs are divided into anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative,antitumor,lithotripsy,and enzyme inhibitors.(3)Maintaining the stability of the mechanical properties of gastrointestinal stent and precise controlled drug release are the problems that need to be solved at this stage of biodegradable drug-eluting gastrointestinal stent.The development of new biodegradable materials and the continuous innovation of drug-carrying and drug-releasing methods,manufacturing processes and auxiliary means are the future research directions.

Abnormal deployment of the airbag during a frontal car collision can cause injuries to the upper extremity of drivers with non-standard driving postures.Finite element simulation offers an effective approach for evaluating such injury risks.In this study,a biomechanical finite element model of the upper limb of the 95th percentile human body with detailed anatomical structures was developed.The validity of the upper extremity-airbag collision model was confirmed by reconstructing the cadaveric forearm and airbag impact experiments.Based on the validated model,the influence of factors such as airbag mass rate parameters,upper limb grip angle,and grip force on upper limb injuries in frontal collisions was investigated.The results indicate that variations in these three parameters have a significant influence on upper extremity injury,and these factors should be considered in the assessment of upper extremity injuries during car collision.

Objective To investigate the risk of thoracoabdominal injuries in six-year-old child occupants in a reclined seating posture during frontal collisions,and provide a reference for developing child restraint systems(CRS).Methods Three validated biomechanical models of six-year-old child occupants in different seating postures with detailed anatomical structures were used.The acceleration curve from a sport utility vehicle crash test was applied to analyze the effects of seating posture on thoracic motion trajectory,chest acceleration,thoracoabdominal compression,viscous criterion(VC)of the chest and abdomen,internal organ strain,and spinal stress.Results Thoracic motion trajectories varied in the Z-direction under three seating postures.As the upper torso angle increased,thoracoabdominal kinematic injury parameters showed an upward trend.The thoracic and abdominal VC under 120° and 135° posture increased by 67％and 113％,10.7％and 25％compared with that under 105° standard sitting posture.The risk of thoracic internal organ injury was inversely related to the seating angle,while the risk of abdominal internal organ injury was positively related to the seating angle.The primary spinal injury mechanism was compression-flexion.Conclusions CRS protection evaluation should comprehensively consider thoracoabdominal kinematic parameters,internal organ biomechanics,and spinal injury risk.These findings have important implications for CRS development in intelligent driving systems and occupant protection strategy formulation.

Objective To investigate the risk of thoracoabdominal injuries in six-year-old child occupants in a reclined seating posture during frontal collisions,and provide a reference for developing child restraint systems(CRS).Methods Three validated biomechanical models of six-year-old child occupants in different seating postures with detailed anatomical structures were used.The acceleration curve from a sport utility vehicle crash test was applied to analyze the effects of seating posture on thoracic motion trajectory,chest acceleration,thoracoabdominal compression,viscous criterion(VC)of the chest and abdomen,internal organ strain,and spinal stress.Results Thoracic motion trajectories varied in the Z-direction under three seating postures.As the upper torso angle increased,thoracoabdominal kinematic injury parameters showed an upward trend.The thoracic and abdominal VC under 120° and 135° posture increased by 67％and 113％,10.7％and 25％compared with that under 105° standard sitting posture.The risk of thoracic internal organ injury was inversely related to the seating angle,while the risk of abdominal internal organ injury was positively related to the seating angle.The primary spinal injury mechanism was compression-flexion.Conclusions CRS protection evaluation should comprehensively consider thoracoabdominal kinematic parameters,internal organ biomechanics,and spinal injury risk.These findings have important implications for CRS development in intelligent driving systems and occupant protection strategy formulation.