0.05].Conclusion To the middle-and old-aged GI cancer patients without organ dysfunction,lowering blood transfusion trigger from Hb 100 g/L to Hb 80 g/L during operation can meet the requirement of oxygen,reduce blood transfusion,and do not increase the rates of wound infection or delay wound healing.

Objective To assess the preventive effects of FK506 and Leflunomide (Lef) on islet xenograft acute rejection in rat-to-mouse models. Methods The islets of rat were transplanted under the kidney capsule of streptozotocin-induced diabetic mouse. The recipients were randomly divided into control group, un-treatment group, mono-therapy group and combination-therapy group. All immunosuppressants were administrated daily from 0 to 9 days. CD4 +\, CD8 + T-cell subsets and IL-2 were examined on the 5?th day after transplantation. Results Compared with un-treatment group, xenoislet survival could be significally prolonged in mono-therapy group. Combination-therapy of FK506 with Lef could significantly prolong the survival of xenoislet when compared with FK506 or Lef used alone. The number of CD4 + T-cells in mono-therapy group and combination-therapy group was much less than in un-treatment group. Conclusion Both FK506 and Lef can suppress proliferation of CD4 + T-cells and prevent or delay islet xenograft rejection.

Objective To investigate influence of preservation of remnant ligament on vascularization of grafts in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.Methods Seventy-eight New Zealand rabbits were involved and both knees of the rabbits received one-stage ACL reconstruction simultaneously.One knee was reconstructed with preservation of residual fibers (remnant preservation group),and the contralateral one was treated with conventional debridement of residual fibers (remnant removal group).Blood flow of grafts was evaluated in vivo by laser doppler flow meter,expression of CD34 in vessels of grafts was measured by immunofluorescence method,growth of vessels surrounding grafts was observed with ink perfusion under stereomicroscope at 6,12,18,and 24 weeks after reconstruction.Results Laser doppler flow meter showed blood flow of grafts was significantly larger in remnant preservation group than in remnant removal group (P ＜ 0.01).Immunofluorescence testing revealed positive expression of CD34 of grafts was notably higher in remnant preservation group than in remnant removal group (P ＜ 0.05).Ink perfusion showed that the number of vessels surrounding grafts was much more in remnant preservation group than that in remnant removal group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Remnant preservation benefits the vascularization of grafts in early stage after ACL reconstruction.

BACKGROUND: Although we have gained much information about leadinduced organ damage, the effect of blood lead level on T cell subgroup is yet to be determined.OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of blood lead level on T cell subgroup of children, and the association of T cell subgroup with threshold limit value of blood lead level.DESIGN: Comparative observation.SETTING: The Institute of Molecular Microorganism, Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Shanxi Provincial Children Hospital.PARTICIPANTS: Sixty children, (32 boys and 28 girls), aged 3-6 years with a mean of (4.5±1.5) years old, were selected from the suburbs of Taiyuan city between May 2003 and October 2003. Informed consents were obtained from all their guardians. The enrolled children according to their blood lead levels were assigned into three groups, 13 in Group Ⅰ with blood lead level ≥ 0.48 μmol/L, 20 in Group 2 with lead level ≥ 0.24 μmol/L but ＜ 0.48 μmoL/L and 27 in Group 3 with lead level ＜ 0.24 μmol/L.METHODS: Blood lead level and expression of T cell subgroup were measured with graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy and immunofluorescence methods respectively. Student t test was used in data analysis, and linear correlation analysis was used to assess the correlation between blood lead level and expression of T cell subgroup.level and expression of T cell subgroup.pression of CD3 and ratio of CD4 to CD8 were lower in Group 1 (lead level ≥0.48 μmol/L) than Group 3 (lead level ＜ 0.24 μmol/L) (t=3.27,blood lead level showed had significant inverse correlation with CD3 expression and the ratio of CD4 to CD8(r=-0.689,-0.674,P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION: A blood lead level ≥ 0.48 μmol/L, is shown to significantly decrease the expression of CD3 and ratio of CD4 to CD8 in peripheral blood, which may impair the children's immunological function.

BACKGROUND: Although we have gained much information about leadinduced organ damage, the effect of blood lead level on T cell subgroup is yet to be determined.OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of blood lead level on T cell subgroup of children, and the association of T cell subgroup with threshold limit value of blood lead level.DESIGN: Comparative observation.SETTING: The Institute of Molecular Microorganism, Maternity and Child Care Hospital, Shanxi Provincial Children Hospital.PARTICIPANTS: Sixty children, (32 boys and 28 girls), aged 3-6 years with a mean of (4.5±1.5) years old, were selected from the suburbs of Taiyuan city between May 2003 and October 2003. Informed consents were obtained from all their guardians. The enrolled children according to their blood lead levels were assigned into three groups, 13 in Group Ⅰ with blood lead level ≥ 0.48 μmol/L, 20 in Group 2 with lead level ≥ 0.24 μmol/L but ＜ 0.48 μmoL/L and 27 in Group 3 with lead level ＜ 0.24 μmol/L.METHODS: Blood lead level and expression of T cell subgroup were measured with graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy and immunofluorescence methods respectively. Student t test was used in data analysis, and linear correlation analysis was used to assess the correlation between blood lead level and expression of T cell subgroup.level and expression of T cell subgroup.pression of CD3 and ratio of CD4 to CD8 were lower in Group 1 (lead level ≥0.48 μmol/L) than Group 3 (lead level ＜ 0.24 μmol/L) (t=3.27,blood lead level showed had significant inverse correlation with CD3 expression and the ratio of CD4 to CD8(r=-0.689,-0.674,P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION: A blood lead level ≥ 0.48 μmol/L, is shown to significantly decrease the expression of CD3 and ratio of CD4 to CD8 in peripheral blood, which may impair the children's immunological function.

Objective To discuss the change of cellular immune and humoral immune function in children patients with Henoch-Schonlein purpura(HSP)and to investigate its clinical significance.Methods The expression levels of T lymphocyte CD3 + ,CD3 +CD4 + ,CD3 + CD8 + ,CD3 + CD4 + CD8 + ,B lymphocyte CD3 - CD19 + and NK lymphocyte CD3 - CD16 + CD56 + in periphetal blood of 156 patients with HSP was detected by flow cytometry.The level of immunioglobins(IgG,IgA,IgM)and complement(C3,C4)of serum were evaluated by nephelometry immunoassay.The level of immunioglobin IgE was measured by immunochemiluminometric assays and compared with 25 healthy controls.Results Compared with control group,the ratio of CD4 +/CD8 + and the contents of CD3 + ,CD4 + cells in HSP patients were decreased significantly(P <0.01),while the content of CD19 + was significantly increased (P <0.01).The content of CD16 + CD56 + was decreased(P <0.05 ),while the content of CD3 + CD4 + CD8 + was increased(P <0.05),the content of CD8 + had no obvious change(P >0.01).The level of IgA and IgE were increased significantly(P <0.01).The level of IgG and C3 were increased (P <0.05),The level of IgM and C4 had no obvious change(P >0.05).Conclusion The cellular immune and humoral immune function in children with HSP are in disorder.To detect lymphocyte subsets,immunioglobin and com-plement will be of important significance to understand the immune function from the perspective of the cellular immune and humor-al immune to explore the pathogenic mechanisms and to assist diagnosis and patient′s prognosis.

Peri-implantitis is an inflammatory disease that occurs around dental implants and damages both soft and hard tissues, the characteristic feature of which is bone loss. The major etiology of peri-implantitis is dental plaque, including implant overload implants, a history of periodontitis, smoking and diabetes as risk factors. The standards for the clinical diagnosis of peri-implantitis are bleeding on probing, suppuration, a peri-implant pocket depth ≥5 mm, and X-ray evidence. Treatment includes mechanical debridement, drug therapy, laser treatment and surgical treatment. Regular supportive peri-implant therapy can be effective for curing and preventing peri-implantitis. In this paper, the etiology, clinical examination and treatment of periodontitis are reviewed.

Objective To observe the effect of rotavirus (RV) infection on expression level and bioactivity of Na+-H+ exchanger 3 (NHE3) in Caco-2 cells. Methods Model of NHE3-expressing Caco-2 cells was constructed and studied in terms of intervention: control, RV, clathrin antagonist chlorpromazine (CPZ), and CPZ + RV. NHE3 activity and NHE3 protein amount on cell surface were determined by BCECF-AM and biotinylation, respectively. Expression level of clathrin was assayed by Western blot. Results Compared with control group, NHE3 activity and NHE3 surface protein level significantly decreased when the cells were treated with RV. These effects could not be completely cancelled by clathrin antagonist CPZ. Moreover, RV treatment could increase cellular protein level of clathrin, which was cancelled by CPZ. Conclusions The effect of RV infection on NHE3 expression level and biological activity may be related to clathrin-dependent endocytosis pathway, and may be also affected by other endocytosis pathways.

The aim of this study was to provide a summary estimate of depression prevalence among people with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in comparison to those without AS. A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science, the Cochrane database library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Database from their inception to December 2016. The results showed that thirty-one eligible studies involving 8,106 patients were analyzed. Fifteen methods of defining depression were reported. The overall pooled prevalence of depression was 35% (95% CI, 28–43%), with high between-study heterogeneity (I²=98.8%, p<0.001). The relative risk of depression among people with AS was 1.76 (95% CI: 1.21–2.55, eight studies, n=3,006) compared with people without AS. The depression score [standardized mean difference (SMD)=0.43, 95% CI: 0.19–0.67, seven studies, n=549] was higher in AS patients than in controls. The main influence on depression prevalence was the sample size and country of origin. In conclusion, one-third of people with AS experience symptoms of depression. Depression was more prevalent in AS patients than in controls. Further research is needed to identify effective strategies for preventing and treating depression among AS patients.
China ; Depression ; Humans ; Population Characteristics ; Prevalence ; Sample Size ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing