Objective To determine the relationship between endothelin-l(ET-1)with blood flow of gastric mucosa and gastric mucosal injury (GMI) in obstructive jaundice rats induced by coldly restrainting stress. Methods 161 rats were randomly assigned into the experimental (obstructive jaundice) group (n=70), the control (sham operative) group (n=70) and the anti-ET-1 preconditioning group (n=21). The obstructive jaundice model was set up in the experimental group and the anti-ET-1 preconditioning group. Both the experimental group and the control group were re-assigned into 5 subgroups which underwent non-coldly restraint and coldly restraint for 10, 30, 60 and 120 min respectively. The anti-ET-1 preconditioning group underwent anti-ET-1 serum precondition 30,60 or 120min before the coldly restraint. The ET-1 was detected by radioimmunologic method and the gastric mucosal blood flow (GMBF) by laser Doppler flowmeter. Results The concentrations of ET-1 in gastric mucosa and ulcer index significantly increased (P

Objective To investigate the clinical guiding significance of lymphoscintigraphy with 99mTc-DX for radical lateral lymph node dissection with pelvic autonomic nerve preservation(PANP) in lower rectal cancer.Methods In 67 patients with pathologically proven lower rectal cancer,37MBq/0.8ml 99mTc-DX was injected into submucosa of the rectum through rectal endoscopy.At 0.5h,1h,2h,3h,4h,6h,12h,and 24h after the injection,the patients underwent pelvic and lower abdominal lymphoscintigraphy. The operative method was determined according to the imaging results,and the results of lymphoscintigrams were correlated with postoperative lateral node histologic examination.Results The scintigrams were postive in 37 cases,and all were unilateral.The positive patients underwent PANP.The image results were compared with histological lymph node examination in all patients operated upon for rectal cancer.Histologically,the cases in conformity were 26(70.3 %),false positive in 11 cases(29.7 %),and 2 of 30 false positive patients who demonstrated metastases to lateral node were operated by PANP,while the others underwent only PANP(type Ⅰ) without lateral lymph nodes dissection.The percentage of good sexual function of the two groups of cases after operation was 74.4 % and 71.4 % respentively.The percentages of mild dysuria and good function of urination were both 100 %.Conclusions Lymphoscintigraphy with 99mTC-DX has particular guiding significance in selection of PANP for lower rectal cancer.

Objective To evaluate the role of nitric oxide in sevoflurane postconditioning-induced mitigation of autophagy and cell apoptosis during ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in isolated rat hearts.Methods The hearts of male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 2-3 months,weighing 250-300 g,were excised and retrogradely perfused in a Langendorff apparatus.One hundred and eight isolated rat hearts,which were successfully perfused in a Langendorff apparatus,were equally and randomly divided into 6 groups:control group (C group),sevoflurane group (S group),I/R group,sevoflurane postconditioning group (SSP group),sevoflurane postconditioning + L-NAME (non-selective nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor group (SSP + L group),and L-NAME group (L group).The hearts were perfused with K-H solution for 150 min in C group.The hearts were continuously perfused for 180 min and perfused with K-H solution containing 3％ sevoflurane for 15 min starting from 60 min of perfusion in S group.After being perfused with K-H solution for 30 min,the hearts were subjected to occlusion for 30 min followed by reperfusion for 120 min in the other groups except C and S groups.After onset of reperfusion,the hearts were perfused with K-H solution containing 3％ sevoflurane for 15 min in SSP group,the hearts were perfused with K-H solution containing 3％ sevoflurane and L-NAME 100 μmol/L for 15 and 60 min,respectively,in SSP + L group,and the hearts were perfused with K-H solution containing L-NAME 100μmol/L for 60 min in L group.Inn ediately before ischemia,and at 30,60,90 and 120 min of reperfusion,each parameter of cardiac function was recorded.At the end of reperfusion,myocardial specimens were obtained at the end of reperfusion for measurement of the infarct size,NOS activity,NO content,and expression of Bcl-2,Beclin 1 and caspase-3,for observation of formation of autophagosomes,and for examination of the pathological changes.Results Compared with C group,LVSP,+ dp/dtmax,-dp/dtmax,NOS activity and NO content were significantly decreased,and LVEDP was increased in I/R and SSP groups.Compared with I/R group,LVSP,+ dp/dtmax,-dp/dtmax,NOS activity and NO content were significantly increased,LVEDP was decreased,Bcl-2 expression was down-regulated,and the expression of Beclin 1 and caspase-3 was up-regulated in SSP group,and no significant changes were found in each index in SSP+ L and L groups.Compared with SSP group,LVSP,+ dp/dtmax,-dp/dtmax,NOS activity and NO content were significantly decreased,LVEDP was increased,Bcl-2 expression was down-regulated,and the expression of Beclin 1 and caspase-3 was up-regulated in SSP + L group.Conclusion The mechanism by which sevoflurane postconditioning reduces I/R injury may be related to promoted NO product and inhibited autophagy and cell apoptosis in isolated rat hearts.

In order to provide substantial scientific information for exploring the mechanism of porcine liver injury caused by Taenia asiatica (T.asiatica),the expression of Cysteine aspartyl proteinase 3 (Caspase-3) from liver tissues of porkets that were experimentally infected by T.asiatica was examined.The T.asiatica adults were collected from the taeniasis patients in Duyun,Guizhou Province and identified biologically.The eggs were harvested from gravid proglottids and prepared by repeated washing and centrifugation.Twelve 20-days old Yorkshire and Seghers hybrid porkets were randomly divided into experimental and control groups as six pigs per group.The experimental group was orally administrated with 1.5 × 106 eggs per porket at day 0 post-infection.The porkets of both groups were sacrificed on the day 15 and day 75 post-infection (three pigs per time point) respectively,and liver samples were collected for further experiments.Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction method was employed to detect the mRNA levels of Caspase-3,and western blotting and immunohistochemistry methods were performed to detect the level of Caspase-3 expression in both groups.At the day 15 post-infection,the mRNA level and expression level of Caspase-3 of the experimental group were significantly decreased,comparison with the control group (P =0.011,P=0.008 and P=0.004 respectively).It was positive with Caspase-3 when yellow or brown signal appeared in the cytoplasm of liver cells by immunohistochemistry.However,at the day 75 post-infection,the mRNA level and expression level of Caspase-3 of the experimental group were dramatically similar to the control group.Furthermore,in the experimental group,the mRNA level and expression level of Caspase-3 were significantly increased at day 75 post-infection than day 15 post-infection (P--0.018,P=0.003 and P=0.002 respectively).These results suggested that Caspase-3 might be involved into the regulation of the damage of porcine liver induced by T.asiatica challenge at the early infection stage and have on effect to the hepatic injury because of the dramatic recovery of Caspase-3 at the consequent infection stage.

Objective To explore the expression of the CENP-W in gliomas and investigate the effects of its invasion. Methods The expression level of the CENP-W in gliomas with varied pathologic grade were detected by immunohistochemical analysis,RealTime PCR,and Western Blotting. U251 cells were transfected with the specific siRNA to repress the CENP-W expression level. The invasion ability of U251 cells were examined by Transwell Chamber assay ,while RAS mRNA and protein levels were detected at the same time. Results The expression levels of the CENP-W in glioma tissues were significantly high and the CENP-W gene could enhance the invasion of U251 cells . The expression of RAS was down-regulated when the expression of CENP-W was repressed. Conclusion The CENP-W has an oncogenic role in human brain gliomas and may regulate the invasion of gliomas by adjusting the RAS signaling pathways.

Objective Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation is a cardiopulmonary supportive therapy. Since 2004, our institution has adopted venoarterial ECMO for adult patients who otherwise could not be weaned from cardiopulmonary bypass and patients experiencing postcardiotomy cardiogenic shock and/or pulmonary dysfunction unresponsive to conventional treatment algorithms. In this study, we reviewed our experience with ECMO support and tried to identify measurable values which might predict in-hospital mortality. Methods From January 2004 through December 2008, 50 of 21,298 adult patients received VA ECMO. We retrospectively analyzed clinical records of these 50 consecutive patients. Demographics, preoperative measurements, clinical characteristics at the time of ECMO implantation, ECMO related complications and in-hospital mortality were collected. Logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate predictors of mortality. A p value ≤0. 05 was accepted as significant. Results Mean ECMO duration was ( 110 ± 17 ) hours. 38 patients were weaned from ECMO and 33 patients survived upon discharge. The overall survival was 66%. In univariate analyses, duration of ECMO support, receiving cardiopulmonary resuscitation prior to ECMO setup, ECMO setup in ICU, pre-ECMO plasma lactate level, infection, lower limbs ischemia, renal failure, experiencing at least one ECMO related complications were all associated with in-hospital death. In a multiple logistic regression adjusted for other factors mentioned above, blood lactate level before initiation of ECMO was a risk factor associated with in-hospital mortality (OR 1. 27 95% CI 1. 042-1. 542 ). To evaluate the utility of pre-ECMO lactate in predicting mortality, a conventional receiver operating characteristic curve was produced. Sensitivity and specificity were optimal at a cut-off point of 12.6 mmol/L, with an AUC of 0. 752. The positive and negative predictive values were 73.3% and 83.9% respectively. Conclusion ECMO is a justifiable alternative treatment for postoperative refractory cardiac and pulmonary dysfunction which could rescue more than 60 percent of otherwise fatal patients. Patients with pre-ECMO lactate above 12.6mmol/L are at higher risks for in-hospital death. Evidence based therapy for this group of high risk patients is needed.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of platelet parameters in patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI) in plateau.Methods A total of 72 patients diagnosed as acute myocardial infarction in our department from January 2016 to June 2017 were enrolled into this study.Clinical data and outcomes were analyzed.Platelet parameters were measured within 24 h after AMI occurrence.The relationship between platelet distribution width (PDW),mean platelet volume (MPV),and the severity of disease,infarct size as well as short-term prognosis were further investigated.Results Compared with control group,PDW and MPV were positively correlated with the severity of disease (PPDW=0.039,PMPV=0.038) and infarct size (rPDW=0.305,P=0.009;rMPV=0.263,P=0.025).The AUC of PDW was 0.827,optimal operating point (OOP) was 16.3％,the AUC of MPV was 0.813,OOP was 13.1 fl,the AUC of GRACE was 0.865,OOP was 145.Conclusions PDW and MPV could be regarded as laboratory index to evaluate the severity of disease,infarct size,pathological changes of coronary artery and short-term prognosis of acute myocardial infarction in plateau.

Objective To investigate the role of microRNA-1 (miR-1) in cardiac fibroblasts induced by high glucose in rats. Methods The primary fibroblasts were cultured from the apical tissue of 1-3 day-old Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. The cells which were passaged to generation 3 or 4, were randomly divided into normal glucose+lentivector-vehicle group (CON+Lv-Vehicle group), normal glucose+lentivector-miR-1 group (CON+Lv-miR1 group), high glucose+lentivector-vehicle group (HG+Lv-Vehicle group), high glucose+lentivector-miR-1 group (HG+Lv-miR1 group), high glucose+Lv-Vehicle+inhibitor group (HG+Lv-Vehicle+CC group), and high glucose+lentivector-miR-1+inhibitor group (HG+Lv-miR1+CC group). The myocardial fibroblasts were cultured in the concentration of 5.5 mmol/L glucose (normal glucose) or 25.0 mmol/L (high glucose) DMEM medium. Then lentiviral vector containing miR-1 silent sequence or the same volume of lentiviral vector was inoculated into the cells. The AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK) inhibitor Compound C (20 μmol/L) was added to the medium at 12 hours before sampling in inhibitor groups. The expression of phosphorylation of AMPK (p-AMPK), collagenⅠandⅢ, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-2, MMP-9), and autophagy flux related protein LC3B-Ⅱ and p62/SQSTM1 were measured by Western Blot. Results The purity of rat myocardial fibroblasts in vitro was 97%. Compared with CON+Lv-Vehicle group, there was no significant difference in the expression of p-AMPK in CON+Lv-miR1 group, the expression of p-AMPK in HG+Lv-Vehicle group was significantly decreased (p-AMPK/t-AMPK: 44.72±3.29 vs. 100.00±7.77, 1 < 0.01). The expression of p-AMPK in HG+Lv-miR1 group was higher than that in HG+Lv-Vehicle group (p-AMPK/t-AMPK:60.52±5.16 vs. 44.72±3.29, 1 < 0.05). Compared with HG+Lv-Vehicle group, the expressions of collagen, MMP, LC3B-Ⅱand p62/SQSTM1 in HG+Lv-miR1 group were significantly decreased; after the treatment with AMPK inhibitor, the expressions of collagen, MMP, LC3B-Ⅱ, p62/SQSTM1 were significantly increased (HG+Lv-Vehicle+CC group vs. HG+Lv-Vehicle group: collagen Ⅰ/β-actin: 158.74±13.21 vs. 100.00±7.64, collagenⅢ/β-actin: 177.38± 17.31 vs. 100.00±5.18, MMP-2/β-actin: 130.09±14.31 vs. 100.00±10.47, MMP-9/β-actin: 215.54±20.92 vs. 100.00±11.28, LC3B-Ⅱ/β-actin: 159.34±13.83 vs. 100.00±6.44, p62/SQSTM1/β-actin: 201.01±24.02 vs. 100.00±8.62; HG+Lv-miR1+CC group vs. HG+Lv-miR1 group: collagenⅠ/β-actin: 108.69±9.93 vs. 80.83±7.24, collagenⅢ/β-actin: 127.68±10.46 vs. 81.56±9.97, MMP-2/β-actin: 106.66±10.21 vs. 74.80±7.43, MMP-9/β-actin: 145.65±11.56 vs. 74.63±10.55, LC3B-Ⅱ/β-actin: 150.15±13.28 vs. 22.98±2.87, p62/SQSTM1/β-actin: 130.48±10.74 vs. 49.90±2.27, all 1 < 0.05). Conclusion miR-1 gene silencing inhibits myocardial fibrosis induced by high glucose, its mechanism may be related to the up-regulation of p-AMPK, which can recover autophagy flux.

Objective:To investigate the effects of propofol and sevoflurane on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after emergency surgery in trauma patients.Methods:A total of 160 trauma patients undergoing emergency surgery under general anesthesia were randomly divided into the propofol group and the sevoflurane group. The perioperative clinical data of the two groups were collected. The incidence of PTSD was evaluated by PCL-5 score one month after the operation in the two groups. The relevance of the injury time and PCL-5 score was assessed by Spearman correlation analysis. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of PTSD.Results:The incidence of PTSD in the propofol group was significantly higher than that in the sevoflurane group at postoperative 1 month (24.0% vs 10.8%, P=0.034). The injury time was negatively correlated with PCL-5 score in the propofol group ( r=0.229, P<0.01). There was no correlation between the injury time and the PCL-5 score in the sevoflurane group ( r=0.001, P=0.804). Logistic regression analysis showed that the use of propofol was an independent risk factor for PTSD ( P=0.004). Conclusions:Sevoflurane anesthesia is more effective than propofol anesthesia in reducing the occurrence of PTSD in emergency surgery for trauma patients.

Objective To study the effect of SNORD47 over-expression on proliferation and invasion of U87-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)vⅢ glioma cells. Methods U87-EGFRvⅢ glioma cells at logarithmic phase were assigned into lenti-SNORD47 group, lenti-NC group and blank control group. The recombinant lentiviruses containing lenti-SNORD47 or lenti-NC were transfected into U87-EGFRvⅢ glioma cells of the lenti-SNORD47 group and lenti-NC group, respectively. Forty-eight h after transfection, the SNORD47 expression in the three groups was measured by real time quantitative PCR. Western blotting was used to detect the protein expressions of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2 and MMP9. The proliferation of U87-EGFRvⅢ cells 4, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h after transfection was evaluated by CCK-8 assay and colony formation assay. Transwell assay and wound-healing assay were used to examine the invasion and migration of these cells. Results The SNORD47 expression in the lenti-SNORD47 group was significantly higher than that in the lenti-NC group and control group (P<0.05). The protein expressions of MMP2 and MMP9 in the lenti-SNORD47 group were significantly decreased as compared with those in the lenti-NC group and control group (P<0.05). At 48, 72 and 96 h after transfection, the optical density and number of cloned cells in the lenti-SNORD47 group were significantly decreased as with those in the lenti-NC group and control group (P<0.05). The invasion and migration abilities of U87-EGFRvIII cells in the lenti-SNORD47 group were significantly suppressed as compared with those in the lenti-NC group and control group (P<0.05). Conclusion SNORD47 could inhibit the proliferative and invasive abilities of U87-EGFRvⅢ glioma cells.