6 months (n=12), control group, without AF (n=8). Atrial muscle samples of the left and right atrial appendage were cut off during heart valve replacement. Expressions of Cx40 and Cx43 were detected by immunoblotting and immunohistologic analyses. Results ①No obvious change of Cx43 and Cx40 in the left and right atrium of each patient in each group was measured. ②Compared with that in the control group, the level of Cx40 was decreased signficantly in GroupⅠ (P

6 months; Control group (n=8) without AF. Atrial muscle samples of the left and right atrial appendage were cut off during heart valve replacement. Morphological changes were observed by light microscopy and electron microscopy. Results ① The incidence rates of Aschoff body were 37.5% (3/8), 46% (5/11) , and 50% (6/12) in Group Ⅰ, Group Ⅱ, and the control group. There was no difference in Aschoff body between the left and right atrial myocytes. ② There was no difference in myocytic degeneration, interstitial hyperplasia, and lymphocytes infiltration between the left and right atrial myocytes in each group. ③ Myolysis, accumulation of glycogen, and fibrosis were detected by electron microscopy in the 3 groups. Changes of myolysis and fibrosis were more obvious in patients with AF than patients without AF. Conclusion There are similar pathological changes in the left and right atria in rheumatic heart disease patients with or without AF. Fibrosis of atrial myocytes may be involved in the occurrence and maintenance of AF.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of comprehensive rehabilitation on cervical syndrome(CS).Methods 112 patients with CS were randomly divided into two groups.The cases in comprehensive rehabilitation group(n=56) were treated with traction,ultrashort wave and massage,while those in the control group(n=56) were treated with traction only.Results The efficient rate of comprehensive group were 91.1% 3 weeks after treatment,and the symptom scores improved significantly compared with the control group(P<0.01).Conclusion The comprehensive rehabilitation is efficient on cervical syndrome with few side-effects and complication.

Objective To study the effects of mimic ischemic preconditioning (IP) on i and I-LCa of sinoatrial node cells and explore the protective effects of IP. Methods Cells were randomized to three groups: control, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), IP. After labeled with fura4, fluorescence intensity of i was studied with laser confocal microscopy and I-LCa was recorded by whole-cell patch clamp technology. Results IP significantly reduced the fluorescence intensity of i and enhanced the peak of I-LCa as compared with I/R, shifted the I-V curve to more negative value. Conclusion IP can reduce the overload of i caused by I/R and increase I-LCa weakened by I/R.

Objective To compare the effects of stimulated ischemic preconditioning (IP) and ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) on the hyperpolarization-activated current (I_ f ) of sinoatrial node cells and explore the mechanisms of electrophysiological protection of IP. Methods The sinoatrial node cells cultured for 2 d were randomized to three groups: ① Control in which the cells were cultured at 37 ℃ in the mimic reperfusion solution, meanwhile the mixture of 95% O_ 2 and 5% N_ 2 was ventilated; ② I/R in which the cells were cultured in the mimic ischemic solution and simultaneously the mixture of 95% O_ 2 and 5% N_ 2 was ventilated for 3 h, then cultured in the mimic reperfusion solution and simultaneously the mixture of 95% O_ 2 and 5% N_ 2 was ventilated for 4 h; ③ IP in which the cells underwent ischemia for 10 min and reperfusion for 10 min, repeated once. Then the cells were treated as the same as the I/R group. After 4-hour reperfusion, I_ f was recorded by whole-cell patch clamp technology. Results I/R significantly enhanced the current density of I_ f , shifted the current activation curve to more positive value by changing the half-activation voltage from (-98.9?2.4) mV to (-85.2?2.5) mV (P

Objective To investigate the efficacy of microbubble-enhanced sonothrombolysis on platelet-rich thrombi (PRT) and erythrocyte-rich thrombi (ERT) in different ages.Methods PRT and ERT in different ages were prepared both in vitro and in vivo of common carotid artery in rats.All the participants were divided into 8 groups with 4 in vitro and another 4 in vivo experiment,including PRT 3 h,PRT 24 h,ERT 3 h,ERT 24h in vitro groups and PRT 3 h,PRT 24 h,ERT 3 h,ERT 24 h in vivo groups.Microbubble-enhanced sonothrombolysis was carried out in both in vitro and in vivo experiments,and the ultrasonic images were collected.The components of PRT and ERT were identified by histopathological examination.The percentage increase of luminal cross sectional area and lytic ratio in vitro,and the recanalization rate and mean blood flow velocity of common carotid artery in vivo were mainly analyzed.Results After sonothrombolysis,both in vitro and in vivo experiment showed there was no statistically significant difference of the percentage increase of luminal cross sectional area ([121.12 ± 13.21]％ vs [130.09 ± 15.34]％),lytic ratio ([39.83± 7.09]％ vs [42.14±5.17]％),recanalization rate (83.33％ vs 91.67％) and blood flow velocity of common carotid artery ([0.21±0.02]m/s vs [0.22±0.01]m/s) between PRT 3 h group and ERT 3 h group (both P＞0.05).PRT 24 h group compared with EPR 24 h group,PRT 24 h group compared with PRT 3 h group,as well as ERT 24 h group compared with ERT 3 h group,the percent increase of luminal cross sectional area,lytic ratio,recanalization rate and blood flow velocity of common carotid artery reduced (all P＜0.05).Conclusion The efficacy of microbubble-enhanced sonothrombolysis on PRT and ERT in vitro and in vivo of of rat common carotid artery model decrease with the increase of thrombus age,especially for the PRT.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and safety of glucocorticoid in initial treatment of sudden hearing loss with intratympanic (IT) and systemic ways. METHOD: We searched the database of PubMed, Cochrane, Embase,CBM, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang systematically. Literatures were screened according to the preestablished inclusion and exclusion standards,and all the RCT literatures associated with intratympanic and systemic glucocorticoid in the initial treatment of sudden hearing loss before may 2015 were collected. All the data, which meet the inclusion standards, were analyzed by using Meta-analysis software. RESULT: Among all the qualified literatures, 11 randomized controlled trials were included. A total of 1298 cases were involved, including 521 cases with intratympanic administration, 410 with IV-therapy, and 201 with oral therapy. Meta analysis results showed that there was significant difference of the total effective rate and improvement rate between the intratympanic and systemic administration. Intratympanic injection (P > 0.05) was more effective than systemic administration. There was no significant difference between intratympanic group and oral group (RR = 1.15, 95% CI: 0.92-1.42, P > 0.05). A significant difference of the effective rate occurred between intratympanic group and IV therapy group (RR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.02-1.34, P < 0.05). The major complications of intratympanic were pain, dizziness/vertigo, which occurred more frequently than systemic therapy group; The major complications of systemic therapy group were hyperglycaemia, loss of appetite and insomnia. CONCLUSION This study shows that the intratympanic (IT) glucocorticoid for sudden deafness is more effective than the systemic administration. But it was not the first choice in clinical treatment. Further studies are warranted.
Administration, Oral ; Glucocorticoids ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Hearing Loss, Sudden ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia ; Injection, Intratympanic ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Steroids ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

Objective:To analyze the curative effect of tripterygium on NOD mice and the possible mechanisms.Methods:NOD mice were divided into 2 groups,Group A:tripterygium treatment(0.07 mg/kg,intraperitoneal injection,12 weeks);Group B:saline control.BALB/c mice were enrolled as control group( Group C).Results:After experiment,Group A had lower salivary flow rate than these of Group C,but higher than these of Group B at 12 and 20 weeks old( P<0.05).Group A had higher rate of inflammatory cells apoptosis than these of Group B and Group C(P<0.05).Group A mice had lower levels of TNF-α,IL-6 and IL-1βthan these of Group B(P<0.05),but higher than these of Group C(P<0.05).Group A mice had a higher level of SHIP-1 but a lower level of Mir-155 than these of Group B mice(P<0.05).Group A mice had a better neuroelectrophysiological outcomes than these of Group B mice ( P<0.05).Conclusion:Tripterygium can meliorate the sailoadentitis of NOD mice,which may though activating the SHIP-1/Mir-155 signaling pathway.

Objective:To explore the core targets and potential molecular mechanisms of tetramethylpyrazine in the treatment of rats with acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) based on network pharmacology.Methods:The related co-targets of tetramethylpyrazine and ANP were screened out by traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform (TCMSP) and human disease information-related databases (CTD, DisGeNET, GeneCards, OMIM); Uniprot data were used to co-link and put into the STRING database to build protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks; the Cytoscape software was used for further analysis and the key targets were obtained by using the cytoHubba plug-in. Gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed on these key targets, and finally the molecular docking models were constructed by using PyMol and AutoDockTools software. 30 male SD rats were randomly divided into the control group, ANP group, and tetramethylpyrazine treatment group (tetramethylpyrazine group). ANP rats were induced by retrograde infusion of 4% sodium taurocholate into the biliary-pancreatic duct, and the tetramethylpyrazine group rats were injected with 10 ml/kg tetramethylpyrazine through the abdominal cavity after ANP was induced. After 12 h, pancreatic tissue was taken, a pathological examination was performed routinely, and immunohistochemical staining was performed to observe the protein expression of key targets in pancreatic tissue. Blood was taken from orbits, and then the serum IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results:The drug platform screened 137 tetramethylpyrazine action targets, and the disease database screened out 513 ANP-related targets; then 25 targets were obtained through intersection, finally resulting in a total of 5 key targets: albumin (ALB), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), caspase 3 (CASP3), mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1) and B-cell lymphoma-2-like protein 1 (BCL2L1). GO functional enrichment analysis of biological processes mainly involved reproductive structure or system development, response to antibiotics, chemical stress and reactive oxygen species, and the cellular components were mainly vesicle lumen, membrane raft, membrane microdomain, and secretory granule lumen; molecular functions mainly included SH2 domain, phosphotyrosine residue, protease binding, protein tyrosine kinase and nuclear receptor activity; KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were mainly enriched in Ras signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, platinum drug resistance, phospholipase D signaling pathway, and EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance. The average binding energy of the 5 key targets molecule docking was -4.20 kcal/mol. After hematoxylin-eosin staining, it could be seen that the gland structure of rats in the ANP group was disordered, the interlobular space was significantly increased, and neutrophil infiltration was observed in the acinar, perivascular and gland space. The pancreatic lobule space of tetramethylpyrazine group rats was slightly increased, with mild neutrophil infiltration. The protein expressions of EGFR, CASP3 and MAPK1 in the ANP group were significantly higher compared with those in the control group, and EGFR, CASP3 and MAPK1 expression in tetramethylpyrazine group was significantly lower than those in ANP group ( P<0.01); the protein expression of BCL2L1 in the ANP group were significantly higher than that in control group, and the protein expression of BCL2L1 in tetramethylpyrazine group were significantly higher than that in ANP group (all P value <0.05). The serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the ANP group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and IL-6 and TNF-α in tetramethylpyrazine group were significantly lower than those in the ANP group (all P value <0.01). Conclusions:Tetramethylpyrazine could reduce the inflammatory response and oxidative stress injury after ANP by activating a variety of signaling pathways, enhancing the expression of anti-apoptotic genes, and blocking the enzymatic cascade reaction of apoptotic caspase, thus playing a protective role in pancreatic tissues of rats with ANP.

The general practice team of the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University and its medical consortium conducted health education for 73 diabetic patients from January to December 2019. The education was dealing with the knowledge and techniques of standardizing insulin administration, including the manipulations, rotation of injection sites and replacement of injection needles, etc. The questionnaire surveys on the knowledge of diabetic management and insulin administration were conducted before and after education. After education the number of patients who knew the injection site and skin disinfection increased from 68 and 69 to 73 and 73, respectively ( P>0.05); the number of patients who knew the injection depth and length of the needle used increased from 33 and 24 to 73 and 73, respectively ( P<0.05); the number of patients who knew pinching the skin, the angle of needle insertion increased from 30 and 44 to 73 and 73 ( P<0.05). After education the number of patients with pinch time>10 sec increased from 0 to 68 cases ( P<0.05); with needle stay>10 sec increased from 0 to 71 ( P<0.05); with rotation in the same area increased from 58 to 73 ( P<0.05); with repeated needle use decreased from 73 to 70 ( P>0.05). After education the blood glucose control of diabetic patients was improved: the glycosylated hemoglobin [(8.3±1.3)% vs. (6.8±0.5)%, t=9.00, P<0.05], fasting blood glucose [(7.7±0.8)mmol/L vs. (6.9±0.5)mmol/L, t=7.90, P<0.05] and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose[(11.4±2.1)mmol/L vs. (9.6±0.8)mmol/L, t=7.00, P<0.05] were significantly decreased. It is suggested that health education provided by the general practice team can standardize the insulin administration in diabetic patients and improve blood sugar control.