Objective Aims To investigate the dynamic changes of multi-organ functional indices in esophageal carcinoma patients during peri-operation period at flatland and moderate high altitude. Methods 44 cases of esophageal carcinoma scheduled to receive gastroesophagostomy were categorized semi-randomly into three groups: Flatland control group (FCG, n=8), moderate altitude lung protection group (MPG, n=16), moderate altitude control group (MCG, n=20). The cases in FCG and MCG underwent routine pulmonary function examination and respiratory tract preparation peri-operatively. Besides the above routine treatment, the cases in MTG received administration of Rahdiola compound capsules preoperatively, with 2 pills a day. Blood-gas and biochemical indices of multi-organs were recorded in the three groups preoperatively and at 1, 3, and 5 days postoperatively respectively. The patients' systematic reaction, the changing trend of the indices reflecting organs function and the postoperative complication were observed. Results The blood-gas parameters were different significantly both preoperatively and postoperatively between the three groups. While other indices reflecting the organs function were not different significantly between the three groups before the operation, but at 1, 3, 5 days postoperatively, the indices in MCG and MPG were significantly different with that in FCG (P

Objective To understand the current status of nursing patentable invention.Methods The patent literature published in nursing journals from 2010 to 2013 were analyzed to obtain related information.Results The results show an increasing trend in the number of patents of patient care;patent inventor distributed in 25 provinces and municipalities, mainly level 3 hospitals (89.86％), nurses with undergraduate degree (76.76％) and senior nurses (50.28％).The patents focused on the life care appliances (such as improved disease clothing, toilet equipments, the cleaning utensils, cutlery improvement, etc.), infusion, injection therapy appliance (such as infusion sets, syringes, dosing auxiliary device, infusion fixtures, etc.), airway care paraphernalia, washing, and drainage equipments, etc.Of all the nursing patents, utility model patents accounted for majority, and only 3 of them were invention patents.Conclusions The trend of nursing patentable invention show good momentum, but the quality needs to be improved.The innovation training for nurses is necessary;and it is also important to increase support to establish an innovation environment.

Objective:To explore the effects of sulforaphane (SFN), an activator of Nrf2, on anxiety and fear memory in Alzheimer's disease(AD) model mice and mechanism.Methods:The AD mice and wild type (WT) mice with the same background were randomly divided into four groups ( n=12 for each group): wild type + normal saline group (WT+ NS), wild type + sulforaphane (WT+ SFN), AD model + normal saline group (AD+ NS) and AD model + sulforaphane group (AD+ SFN). SFN was dissolved in normal saline (0.9% NaCl) and prepared solution with concentration of 1 g/L.According to body weight, mice in WT+ SFN group and AD+ SFN group were intraperitoneally injected with SFN (10 mg/kg), and mice in WT+ NS group and AD+ NS group were intraperitoneally injected with the same volume of normal saline once a day for 30 days.The open field test was used to detect the autonomous exploration ability and anxious behavior of mice.The elevated cross maze was used to detect the anxiety of mice.Conditional fear test was used to test the fear memory behavior of mice.Finally, the expression of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and malondialdehyde(MDA) in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex were detected by ELISA.Two-way ANOVA analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism 8.0.2 software. Results:In the open field test, the percentage of time in central region in AD+ SFN group ((9.99+ 0.37)%) was higher than that of AD+ NS group ((8.47+ 0.42)%) ( q=3.842, P<0.05). In the elevated cross maze, the percentage of time in open arm of AD+ SFN group ((26.2±1.6)%) was higher than that in AD+ NS group ((15.8±1.0)%) ( q=7.452, P<0.01). In the conditional fear test, all the mice of the four groups developed the fear memory, but AD+ SFN group showed higher freezing time ratio ((64.5±3.8)%) than AD+ NS group ((51.0±4.3)%)( q=5.266, P<0.01) in the testing stage.After SFN intervention, the important indicator of oxidative stress, the expression levels of SOD in hippocampus ( q=6.370, P<0.01) and cortex ( q=7.858, P<0.01) of AD mice increased, while the level of MDA in hippocampus ( q=5.146, P<0.05) and cortex ( q=5.833, P<0.01) decreased. Conclusion:SFN may inhibit oxidative stress through Nrf2 pathway, thereby improving anxiety and fear memory in AD mice.

Objective:To monitor adherence to specific sublingual immunotherapy （SLIT） in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis（AR）, analyse factors influencing adherence, and provide research support to effectively improve adherence. Methods:Patients with AR who underwent Artemisia pollen SLIT at the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from May 2021 to April 2022 were retrospectively followed up by telephone to investigate the current status of treatment, count the causes of shedding, and extract relevant information from their medical record data for analysis. Results:Of the 112 patients surveyed, 34 discontinued treatment（30.3%）; patients who experienced adverse reactions and SLIT patients who had been on treatment for more than 6 months showed relatively good adherence（P<0.05）. The main reasons for discontinuation in patients who dropped out were: asymptomatic discomfort during the non-pollen phase and therefore discontinuation of treatment or feeling that treatment was ineffective 9 cases（26.5%）, forced discontinuation due to vaccination or pregnancy, or epidemics 6 cases（17.6%）. Conclusion:Long-term adherence of patients to Artemisia pollen SLIT still needs to be brought to the attention of healthcare professionals, especially in the early stages of treatment when good patient education and good channels of trust and communication between doctors and patients need to be established.
Humans ; Sublingual Immunotherapy ; Allergens ; Retrospective Studies ; Rhinitis, Allergic/therapy* ; Artemisia

BACKGROUND:Studies have found that glucagon-like peptide-1 and its analogues have a significant neuroprotective effect,and some drugs have been applied to the clinical stage Ⅲ study of Alzheimer's disease.However,the mechanism of its neuroprotective effect is still unclear,which needs to be further explored and clarified. OBJECTIVE:To screen out the genes related to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease and the related targets of semaglutide for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease based on bioinformatics and network pharmacology analyses,to identify the potential target genes by comprehensive analysis of the two and to verify them at the cellular level. METHODS:Using DisGeNET database,differentially expressed genes between Alzheimer's disease patients and healthy population were screened out.The chemical structure formula and two-dimensional structure diagram of semaglutide were obtained using PubChem online database.GO/KEGG enrichment analysis was performed using DAVID online database.A protein-protein interaction network was constructed by using the STRING database.The HPA database was used to determine the distribution characteristics of the target proteins in various human tissues.Finally,western blot was used to detect relevant protein expression in HT22 cells after semaglutide intervention. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:With the dataset in DisGeNET database,3 374 differentially expressed genes between Alzheimer's disease patients and healthy people were obtained,and meanwhile,101 target genes of semaglutide potential drugs were obtained.There were 23 intersection genes between them.Ten key genes were identified based on the protein-protein interaction network,which were silent information regulator 1(SIRT1),CASP9,CCND1,CASP1,KEAP1,DLG4,CASP4,GRB2,GRIA1,and EDNRA.The results of GO gene functional annotation analysis of key genes showed that the positive regulatory activity of cysteine endopeptidase,the positive regulation of proteolysis,and the positive regulation of cysteine endopeptidase involved the cytoplasmic part of the apoptotic activity process;AMPA glutamate receptor complex,inflammatory complex,CARD domain binding,cysteine endopeptidase activity,and cysteine endopeptidase activity were involved in the apoptotic process.The results of KEGG signaling pathway analysis indicated that colorectal cancer,non-small cell carcinoma,and endometrial carcinoma were related to immune infiltration,inflammation and autophagic apoptosis.In addition,according to the association ranking of key genes and their distribution in different tissues of HPA online database,SIRT1 was identified as the most significant differential gene.The expression level of SIRT1 protein was significantly down-regulated in HT22 cells after β-amyloid protein 1-42 treatment,but it could be significantly increased after being treated with semaglutide.To conclude,SIRT1 may be a target gene for semaglutide in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Objective To explore the mechanism of hydroxyl safflower flavin A(HSYA)in the treatment of sepsis-induced liver injury by using metabolomics and network pharmacology.Methods A total of 50 male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into sham-operation group(10 mice),sepsis group(20 mice)and HSYA group(20 mice).Cecal ligation and puncture was conducted to establish the sepsis-induced liver injury mouse model.The mice in HSYA group were subcutaneously injected with HSYA after 2 hours of modeling.The content of serum inflammatory factors and liver function were detected,and the pathological changes of liver tissue were observed with HE staining,UPLC-Q-TOF-MS metabolomics was used to analyze liver tissue,screening for differential metabolites using multivariate statistical methods,network pharmacology was used to predict potential targets for HSYA treatment of sepsis-induced liver injury,and conduct GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis on potential targets,Metabo Analyst 5.0 database was used to match differential metabolites and potential targets between the model group and HSYA group,a targets metabolite-metabolism pathway network was constructed.AutoDock Vina software was used to perform molecular docking between HSYA and core genes,and finally RT-qPCR was used to verify the expression of core genes.Results HSYA can reduce the contents of IL-6,IL-1β and TNF-α in serum,restore liver function,and alleviate the morphological alternation in liver induced by sepsis.A total of 26 differential metabolites identified by metabolomics were screened out,including flufenamic acid,cryptolepine,opthalmic acid,fenpropathrin etc.,which were mainly involved in 5 metabolic pathways such as biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids and alpha-linolenic acid metabolism.Network pharmacology identified 81 potential targets,2 735 items enriched in GO and 124 signaling pathways enriched in KEGG;a total of 5 differential metabolites were matched for joint analysis,corresponding to 14 targets including IL1B,STAT3,PTGS2,TP53,etc.,involved in the regulation of metabolic disorders in sepsis-induced liver injury by HSYA.Molecular docking results showed that HSYA had good binding activity to IL1B,STAT3,PTGS2 and TP53 targets.RT-qPCR results showed that HSYA could inhibit the expressions of IL1B,STAT3 and PTGS2 in liver tissue.Conclusions HSYA may inhibit the release of inflammatory cytokines,maintain metabolic homeostasis,and alleviate sepsis-induced liver injury through modulating the expressions of IL1B,STAT3,and PTGS2.

Objective To analyze the occurrence characteristics of adverse events following immunization (AEFI) of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV-23) in Hebei Province and to evaluate the safety of the vaccine. Methods AEFI cases related to vaccination of PPSV-23 in Hebei Province from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2022 were collected through the AEFI surveillance module of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Information System. The incidence of reported AEFI cases were then analyzed and compared. Results The reported incidence rate of AEFI of PPSV-23 was 56.12 /100,000 doses, and the incidence rate of adverse reactions was 55.50 /100 000 doses. The incidence rate of common adverse reactions was 53.94/100 000 doses, and the incidence rate of rare adverse reactions was 1.56/100 000 doses. Most of the reported AEFI cases caused by PPSV-23 were common adverse reactions, which occurred mainly within one day after vaccination, and the overall regression was positive. Conclusion The 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine used in Hebei Province is safe，but its safety monitoring still needs to be strengthened.

Most solid tumors suffer from inadequate blood perfusion and oxygenation, leading to a hypoxic microenvironment that accelerates tumor progression and adversely impacts prognosis. Thus, improving oxygenation in tumor tissues is crucial for enhancing the sensitivity and efficacy of tumor therapy. Hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HBOCs), as a type of oxygen-carrying nanoparticles, can not only carry and release oxygen but also reach the small blood vessels of obstructive microcirculation to deliver oxygen for anoxic tissues and organs, which are difficult for normal red blood cells to pass through. Studies have demonstrated that the application of HBOCs as a potential nanoscale efficient oxygen carrier in tumor therapy can enhance tissue oxygenation and hold great promise for applications in tumor therapy.This review summarizes the impact of hypoxia in tumors and highlights the progress and potential mechanisms of using HBOCs in tumor radiotherapy, chemotherapy, new kinetic therapy and immunotherapy.

【Objective】 To investigate the effect of polymerized human cord hemoglobin (PolyCHb) in chemoimmunotherapy for breast cancer in mice. 【Methods】 A 4T1 breast cancer in situ tumor model was established, and 15 mice were randomly divided into 3 groups: blank group: no intervention; Control group: doxorubicin + PD-1 inhibitor was given intraperitoneal injection of doxorubicin 5 mg·kg^-1 once a week and PD-1 inhibitor 12.5 mg·kg^-1 once a week; Experimental group: DOX+ a-PD-1+ PolyCHb, the usage of DOX and a-PD-1 was the same as above, PolyCHb: PolyCHb 600 mg·kg^-1 was injected into the tail vein, three times a week; The administration period was 4 weeks. During the administration, the tumor volume was recorded 3 times per week, the tumor growth curve of each group was drawn and the tumor inhibition rate was calculated. The mice were killed on the 29th day, and the tumor was removed and weighed to calculate the tumor inhibition rate. Immunofluorescence, HE staining, TUNEL method and immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of HIF-1α, observe the pathological changes of tumor tissue, detect the apoptosis of tumor cells, and detect the expression of tumor proliferation index Ki67. 【Results】 Compared with the blank group and the control group, the tumor volume in the experimental group decreased significantly (P<0.05) and the tumor inhibition rate (%) increased significantly (P<0.05). The content of HIF-1α in tumor tissue in experimental group decreased (P<0.05). In the experimental group, the growth area of tumor tissue decreased, accompanied by the increase of necrosis area; The positive rates (%) of apoptosis in tumor tissues of blank group, control group and experimental group were 18.79±0.62, 20.68±1.19 and 41.65±2.99 respectively (F=135.2, P<0.001). In addition, the results of tumor proliferation index Ki67 showed that there was a statistical difference between the control group and the experimental group (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 PolyCHb increases the sensitivity of chemoimmunotherapy in breast cancer mouse model, and the mechanism may be related to the decrease of HIF-1α expression, the promotion of apoptosis and the inhibition of cell proliferation.

【Objective】 To prepare microneedles(MNs) loaded with platelet-rich plasma lysate (PL) using Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), and explore the prospect of PL MNs in the treatment of diabetic wounds. 【Methods】 CMCS was used as the basic material, and an appropriate amount of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVPK-60) was added to prepare needle materials of different concentrations, and the optimal concentration was determined by investigating the needle formation rate, morphological characteristics and mechanical properties, and the growth factor activity in PL MNs was investigated. The diabetic mice were randomly divided into four groups after the back wound was made, the control group did not do any treatment, the PL smear group was treated with PL smearing, the blank MNs group was treated with MNs without PL, and the PL MNs group was treated with PL microneedles. The effect of PL MNs in wound healing in diabetic mice was evaluated through body observation, H&E staining and immunohistochemistry results. 【Results】 When PVPK60 was 40 mg/mL, the needle formation rate was 100%, the array was complete, the needle body was full, and the needle was sharp. According to the results of mechanical-displacement curve and weight pressure change experiment, the prepared PL MNs have good mechanical strength. The results of growth factor analysis indicated that the content of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in PL was (625±35) pg/mL, and the content of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) was (18 741±1 287) pg/mL. After making the MNs, the VEGF content was (183±2) pg/mL, and the PDGF-BB content was (8049±1157) pg/mL. Although the concentration of growth factors decreased, growth factor activity was still preserved.The results of wound healing experiments in diabetic mice showed that the PL MNs group had better healing, and the wound healing rate was different from that of three groups (P<0.01). The results of H&E staining showed that the PL MNs group had fewer inflammatory cell infiltrates and bleeding spots. The number of fibroblasts and new microvascular in the control group was worse than that in the PL MNs group and the PL smear group. The results of immunohistochemistry indicated that the expression of pro-inflammatory factor IL-6 decreased, while anti-inflammatory factor TGF-β and angiogenesis index CD31 increased in the PL MNs group, which were significantly different from those in the other three groups (P<0.01). 【Conclusion】 The PL MNs prepared in this experiment have good mechanical properties, which has a positive effect on the wound healing of diabetic mice, and provides a new idea for diabetic wound healing.