Objective To evaluate the feasibility of applying spectral CT material suppressed iodine (MSI) imaging as virtual plain CT scan to replace traditional non-contrast (TNC) CT in head and neck neoplasms. Methods A total of 52 patients with initial diagnosis of head and neck neoplasms underwent TNC CT scanning and spectrum mode enhanced scanning in the head and neck with spectral CT. With GSI Volume Viewer software from GE AW4.6 workstation, the enhanced scanning data were processed and MSI images were acquired. The CT values of different tissues (fat, erector spinae, cervical vertebrae, thyroid, and brain parenchyma) and the enhancement rate in erector spinae, carotid sinus were compared between MSI and TNC images. Image quality was objectively evaluated in noise and SNR for MSI and TNC images, while the subjective evaluation included the visibility of lesions, subjective acceptance rate, diagnostic efficacy (with/without lesions or lesion calcification, necrosis). Radiation dose including volume CT dose index (CTDIvol) and effective dose (ED) was compared between MSI and TNC. Results (1) CT values of erector spinae on MSI and TNC imaging were(52 ± 6)and(52 ± 7)HU respectively, and the difference between the two image modes was not significant(t=0.39,P>0.05). CT values on MSI and TNC Imaging were[-74 (-86,-59)HU]and[-79(-73,-61)HU]for fat (Z=-2.71, P<0.05),[139(121,196)HU]and[282 (237,336) HU,Z=-5.46]for vertebrae (Z=-5.46, P<0.05),[57(48,61)HU]and[96(74,110) HU]for thyroid (Z=-4.85, P<0.05),[35(32,39)HU]and[35(32,39)HU]for brain parenchyma (Z=-4.74, P<0.05) respectively. (2) There was no significant difference in enhancement rate of erector spinae between MSI and TNC imaging 1.15(1.07,1.20) and 1.14(1.03,1.26) respectively, Z=-5.50, P>0.05). The difference of carotid sinus enhancement rate was significant 5.75(4.70,6.73) and 4.37(3.91,5.61) respectively, Z=-5.50, P<0.05). (3) The noise of MSI[10.61(8.34,13.57) HU)]was higher than that of TNC [9.32(7.40,11.42) HU](Z=-2.52,P<0.05), and the SNR of MSI [-6.59(-8.59—-4.25)] was lower than that of TNC[-7.94(-10.25,-5.51)] (Z=-2.73,P<0.05). (4) Median scores of subjective imaging quality evaluation were 4(3.00,4.75) and 4(3.00,4.00) in MSI and TNC images respectively, and the difference was not significant(Z=-0.45,P>0.05).Unacceptable and acceptable cases in imaging quality of MSI were 3 and 49 respectively, while those were 2 and 50 in TNC group. Subjective acceptance rate between MST and TNC images was not significantly different(?2=0.01,P>0.05). (5) Diagnostic performance evaluation showed that the consistency of two observers was good in detecting lesions, necrosis and calcification between MSI and TNC image, with K value 0.93, 0.83 and 0.90 respectively (P<0.05). (6) Radiation doses between pure energy spectrum enhanced mode and conventional pre plus post contrast enhanced mode were compared. And differences of CTDIvol[11.78(10.98,17.30) mGy]and[23.89 (22.42, 29.98) mGy] respectively],ED [1.89(1.63,2.29) mSv]and[3.77(3.21,4.16 ) mSv] respectively] were significant(Z=-6.28, P<0.05). Pure energy spectrum enhanced mode reduced 39.07% of CTDIvol and 45.75%of ED respectively. Conclusions MSI imaging can be a potential substitute for TNC imaging. And it has clinical values in the diagnosis of head and neck neoplasms.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of spironolactone in treatment NYHA (New York Heart Association) class Ⅰ - Ⅱ heart failure patients. MethodsEighty eight patients with NYHA classⅠ- Ⅱheart failure were randomized to sprionolactone or placebo groups.Patients were assessed by echocardiography and 6-minute walking test (6MWT) ,plasma aldosterone and NT-proBNP were measured before and 6 months after treatment; serum potassium and creatinine were monitored through the study. ResultsThe E/A and E/E' in spironolactone group were significantly lower than those of control group (1.2±0.7 vs. 1.7±0.6, P=0.007;15.2±2.3vs. 17.7±3.0, P=0.000). No differences were observed in left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)between two groups after treatment. Left ventricular mass index (LVMI) in spironolactone group decreased after theatment [(117 ±27) g/m2 vs.(112 ± 19) g/m2,P = 0.044]. Plasma aldosterone level in spironolactone group after treatment was significantly lower than that of control group [ ( 157 ± 16) ng/L vs.( 165 ± 16) ng/L, P =0. 021 ]. Although there were no differences in plasma NT-proBNP level between two groups after treatment, it decreased significantly comparing with that of before treatment ( P = 0. 000). No differences were observed in serum potassium and creatinine between two groups after treatment. However serum potassium and creatinine in spironolactone group increased significantly after treatment [ ( 83 ± 18 )pmol/Lvs. (87 ± 22) μmol/L, P =0.047; (4.4 ±0.4) mmoL/L vs. (4.5 ±0.6) mmol/L, P =0. 012]. ConclusionSpironolactone can alleviate cardiac remolding and diastolic function in NYHA classⅠ - Ⅱ heart failure patients.

English for science and technology (EST) is the language medium for academic communication among scientists and technologists. The expression of EST is characterized by concise-ness, correctness, objectiveness and understandability. The EST course is regarded as a key process for the undergraduate students to reinforce the English foundation and improve the capacity of English application after their College English study. In this paper, the authors introduced an interest-motivated, output-dominated, snowballing and interactive teaching strategy, according to the accumulated experi-ence of EST teaching in the past few years coupled with the unique medicine-engineering combined characteristics for the major of biomedical engineering.

The perioperative shivering, as one of the adverse reactions during cesarean sections, has many bad influences on the parturients and the neonates. Several studies have already explored in the evaluation methods, risk factors, possible mechanisms, and effective prevention measures for the occurrence of perioperative shivering during cesarean sections. This article will make a review on the basis of literature, hoping to provide a reference for the prevention and treatment of shivering during the perioperative period of cesarean section.

Non-surgical treatment programs play an essential position among hepatocellular carcinoma therapies. Precise evaluation of treatment efficacy has significant value in determination of non-surgical treatment programs for hepatocellular carcinoma. As the treatment methodologies and philosophy progress, the evaluation standards for the efficacy of non-surgical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma are constantly updated and developed. This paper generalizes the development process of the evaluation criteria for the efficacy of non-surgical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma, summarizes the evaluation criteria that have been and are currently applied in the clinical field in general, in order to provide a basis for patients to obtain timely and effective evaluation and treatment, and gives an outlook on the future development of the evaluation standards.

Objective To analyze the HIV-infection related behaviors among unmarried youths in rural areas of Liangshan prefecture from 2011 to 2013 and factors that influencing the HIV transmission in the population under research.Methods According to the HIV sentinel surveillance methods for data collection,EpiData 3.1 and SPSS 19.0 were used to handle data and both Chi-square test and logistic regression were used to explore the related factors.Results A total number of 5 871 qualified youths were involved in this study from 2011 to 2013 with the prevalence rate on HIV infection among those unmarried youths from the rural areas as 3.45％ (201/5 833).27.56％ (1 607/ 5 833) of them had been working outside their hometown area.31.72％ (1 850/5 833) of the unmarried youths had sexual experiences,with 41.46％ (767/1 850) of them had casual sex but the rate of consistent condom use was only 3.46％ (64/1 850).5.04％ (294/5 833) of the unmarried youths admitted of ever having used drugs,with 34.35％ (101/294) of them having the experiences of injecting,with 84.16％ (85/101) of them sharing needles.Rates on factors as:working outside the resident areas,ever having had casual sexual behaviors,drug use and injecting drug use were seen higher among HIV infections,with differences statistically significant (X2=88.72,104.43,4.20,154.39,55.94,P＜0.05).Results from the logistic regression showed that factors as:being male,Yi ethnicity,illiteracy,experience of working outside the resident area,never or casual condom use and needle-sharing drug use etc.would significantly increase the risk of HIV infection.Conclusions HIV infection among unmarried youths from rural areas in Liangshan prefecture called for attention because of the high rates of risk behaviors.Factors as:having had sexual experiences with low condom use,popular injecting drug use with needle sharing,being male,under Yi ethnicity,with lower education level and ever working outside the resident area etc.were under risks that related to HIV infection for unmarried youths in this area.

[Abstract] Objective: To investigate the molecular mechanism of miR-143-3p regulating the proliferation, migration and invasion of colon cancer RKO cells via targeting enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2). Methods: A total of 40 pairs of colon cancer tissues and corresponding para-cancerous tissues resected in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from March 2015 to July 2017 were collected for this study. In addition, colon cancer cell lines (COLO320, RKO and CL-11) and normal intestinal mucosa NCM460 cells were also collected. qPCR was applied to detect the expression level of miR-143-3p in colon cancer tissues and cell lines. miR-143-3p mimics, miR-143-3p inhibitor, EZH2 siRNA and negative control plasmids were transfected into RKO cells, respectively. The effect of miR-143-3p/EZH2 axis on the proliferation, migration and invasion of RKO cells were detected by CCK-8 and Transwell assay, respectively. Western blotting was used to detect the expression level of EZH2 protein in RKO cells. The targeting relationship between miR-143-3p and EZH2 was verified by Dual luciferase reporter gene assay. Results: The expression level of miR-143-3p was downregulated in colon cancer tissues and cell lines (all P<0.01). Overexpression of miR-143-3p significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of RKO cells (all P<0.01). Dual luciferase reporter gene assay confirmed that EZH2 was a target gene of miR-143-3p. Simultaneous knockdown of miR-143-3p and EZH2 attenuated the inhibition of EZH2 knockdown on the proliferation, migration and invasion of RKO cells. Conclusion: miR-143-3p suppresses the proliferation, migration and invasion of colon cancer cells via targetedly down-regulating EZH2.

Curcumin, the medically active component from Curcuma longa (Turmeric), is widely used to treat inflammatory diseases. Protein interaction network (PIN) analysis was used to predict its mechanisms of molecular action. Targets of curcumin were obtained based on ChEMBL and STITCH databases. Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) were extracted from the String database. The PIN of curcumin was constructed by Cytoscape and the function modules identified by gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis based on molecular complex detection (MCODE). A PIN of curcumin with 482 nodes and 1688 interactions was constructed, which has scale-free, small world and modular properties. Based on analysis of these function modules, the mechanism of curcumin is proposed. Two modules were found to be intimately associated with inflammation. With function modules analysis, the anti-inflammatory effects of curcumin were related to SMAD, ERG and mediation by the TLR family. TLR9 may be a potential target of curcumin to treat inflammation.

Objective: To carry out the 4^th round of third-party evaluation on the implementation and effect of the 1^st year of the 2^nd Phase National Healthcare Improvement Initiative(abbreviated as Initiative)since 2015. Methods: The 4^th round of the evaluation survey adopted the same methods, organization and execution, and technical roadmap as the former three rounds of evaluations. Results: The 4^th round of evaluation was carried out from 18 March to 9 April, 2019 at 185 public hospitals in 31 provinces(autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government)and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps.Facility survey, health professional survey and patient survey were conducted at each of the sample health facilities. A total of 120 782 valid questionnaires were collected from 144 non-psychiatric health facilities, 16 246 valid questionnaires were obtained from 41 psychiatric health facilities, and 252 cases of outstanding departments/hospitals in healthcare improvement were also collected. The average overall scoring of the 12 dimensions to assess Initiative implementation at 144 non-psychiatric health facilities was 84.4%. The overall outpatient satisfaction scoring was 91.1%, 96.7%for the inpatients. The overall inpatient satisfaction(family members inclusive) at 41 psychiatric health facilities was 93%. Areas remaining to be improved include day-surgery, telemedicine and medical social work. Compared with technical services, non-technical care should be further strengthened. The compensation, workload and work environment of the healthcare providers are still to be improved. Conclusions The implementation of the Initiative by health facilities has been greatly improved. The percentage of health facilities and patients who had positive perceptions of improved doctor-patient relationship has been increasing. Patient care experiences at public hospitals have been generally improved, and the implementation of promoting traditional Chinese Medicine practices also made progress. However, work satisfaction of healthcare providers was found to be rather low, compared to the high level of patient satisfaction.