BACKGROUND:The use of donor rat of cardiac death inevitably experiences warm ischemia injury, so the length of warm ischemia time plays a significant role on the number and function of pancreatic islet obtained. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of Exendin-4 on pancreatic islet function of donor rats with cardiac death at different heat ischemia time. METHODS:Islet cells from Wistar rats were cultured in vitro and randomly divided into three groups according to the experimental conditions:0, 30, 45 min heat ischemia groups. Each group was further assigned into two subgroups, control group was cultured for 24 hours while experimental group wad cultured with 10 nmol/L Exendin-4 for 24 hours. The number of isolated pancreatic islets was calculated with diphenylthiocarbazone staining, and the purity of the extracted islets was adjusted. The viability of the islets was examined by AO/EB staining, and insulin secretion index assay was used to detect the function of the islets. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:With the time of heat ischemia increasing, the number, purity, viability and function of islet cells obtained were decreased. After the cells in heat ischemia 0, 30, 45 min groups were cultured with 10 nmol/L Exendin-4 for 24 hours, the number, purity and viability of isolated and purified islets were increased compared to the group without added Exendin-4. There was significant difference between experimental group and control group in 30-minute and 45-minute ischemia groups (P<0.05). Exendin-4 can protect pancreatic islet cells in donor rats with cardiac death at different heat ischemia times, reduce the apoptosis, and improve islet survival and functions. The use of Exendin-4 can be an effective pretreatment method at early ischemia phase of islet transplantation.

Objective To observe the influence of warm ischemia time on acquisition of rat pancreatic islets and islet function.Method Male Wistar rats were used.After heart beats stopped,the pancreases in four groups of rats were harvested,and warm ischemia time was 0,15,30 and 45 min separately.The pancrease was preserved in UW at 4℃C for 8 h,and subjected to injection of collagenase solutions.After islets were acquired,the purity,survival rate and islet activity were tested,and statistical analysis was performed.Result The number of islets obtained in 0 min group,15 min group,30 min group and 45 min group was (433 ± 41),(396 ± 38),(350 ± 31) and (66 ± 17)IEQ/one,islet viability was 94％,88％,77％ and 25％,and purity was 88％,78％,60％ and 32％,and insulin release index was 2.38 ± 0.23,2.25 ± 0.18,2.19-± 0.18 and 1.25 ± 0.12,respectively.There was no significant difference in islet number,purity,survival rate and activity 15 min group and 30 min group between 15 min group or 30 min group and 0 min group (P＞0.05).There was significant difference between 45 min group and 0 min group in islet number,purity,survival rate and activity (P＜0.05).The survival rate and purity in 45 min group were lower than the clinical standards for islet transplantation (survival rate ＞ 75％,and purity ＞ 50％).Conclusion Warm ischemia time of 15 min in non-heart-beating brain death(NHBD) rats had no effect on islet isolation and purification.Warm ischemia time within 30 min showed no significant influence on islets of NHBD rats,which can be used in islet transplantation.Warm ischemia time at 45 min showed significant influence on islets of NHBD rats,which can't be used in islet transplantation.

Objective To investigate the feasibility and therapeutic efficacy of inverted Y-shaped silicone airway stent for complex airway diseases (stenosis or fistula). Methods According to the particular anatomic structure and the pathological changes of complex airway diseases, the inverted Y-shaped silicone airway stents were designed. 7 stents were implanted in 7 cases of airway complex diseases with the guidance of interventional rigid bronchoscope under general anesthesia. Results The Y-shaped silicone stents were placed successfully followed with the result of immediate relieves of the symptoms. Dyspnea grade was improved significantly from Ⅲ~Ⅳ to 0 ~Ⅱ , and oxygen saturation elevated from ( 84.1 ± 4.5 ) % in inspiring high concentration oxygen to ( 94.1 ± 2.9 ) % in breathing ambient air (P = 0.000). The main complications were cough, foreign body sensation, chest pain, granulation, sputum retention, et al. Conclusion Placement of Y-shaped silicone airway stent is a feasible and safe treatment for complex airway disease, the recent curative effect is reliable, it is worth further promoting.

Objective:To prepare the multilayer alginate chitosan microspheres loading vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and vancomycin (VAN), and to study in vitro release characteristics.Methods:The microspheres were prepared by emulsion cross-linking and self-assembly techniques.The effects of sodium alginate concentration, calcium chloride concentration, oil/water ratio and span80 concentration on the entrapment efficiency(EE) and drug loading(DL) of VEGF and VAN were investigated by orthogonal experimental design to optimize the preparation process.The surface morphology and particle size of microspheres were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM).Self-assembly was detected by Fourier transform infrared spectroscope (FTIR).The EE, DL and in vitro release of VEGF and VAN were detected by ELISA double antibody sandwich method and ultraviolet spectrophotometry,and the cumulative release curve was drawn.Results:The prepared microspheres were yellowish brown powder.The SEM results showed that the microspheres were spherical, the surface was smoothy, and the dispersity was better.The average particle size was about 50 μm.Sodium alginate concentration of 1.0 g·mL-1, CaCl2 concentration of 8 g·mL-1, oil to water ratio of 3∶1, and span80 concentration of 2% were the best formula.The EE of VEGF and VAN were 49.63% and 16.67%, respectively.In vitro, the cumulative release last 16.5 d and 12.5 d respectively and the amount reached up to 95%.Conclusion:The multilayer alginate chitosan microspheres loading VEGF and VAN present several advantages, such as smaller particle size, higher EE and better controlled release.

Objective: To define radiographic features that response to serial casting and bracing for progressive early-onset scoliosis (EOS). Methods: A retrospective study of a total of 20 patients (10 females and 10 males) with complete radiographic data diagnosed as progressive early onset scoliosis treated with serial cast or brace for at least 12 months in the 306th Hospital of PLA from June 2011 to April 2018. Ages at initial diagnosis were all less than 5 years old. They were divided into two groups according to the main curve degree, those with cobbs angles more than 50 degree treated with serial cast, or else with brace. All the cases have radiographs of pretreatment, posttreatment, and last follow-up, and anteroposterior (lateral) film of the full length spine in standing position were taken to evaluate magnitudes and balance of coronal and sagittal malformations. We compared the general data of the two groups by independent sample t test and that of pretreatment, posttreatment and the last follow-up by paired-sample t test. Results: According to the effective standard of not less than 10 degrees improvement, 9 of them were effective, 4 cast and 5 brace, the effective rates were 44.44% and 45.45%, 3 cases from brace group progressed. The magnitudes of the main curve improved significantly after the first treatment of cast and brace (55.4±24.36 vs 42.35±23.62) degree (t=5.850, P=0.000), and at the last follow up, the curve decreased slightly compared of that before interventions (55.4±24.36 vs 51.8±26.33). The compensatory curves, segmental kyphosis, thoracic kyphosis, lumbar lordosis, balance of both coronal and sagittal also had no significant differences between the primal and the latest follow up. The widths 159.63±19.27 mm, 160.81±14.54 mm, 176.08±28.10 mm (t=3.942, P=0.001; t=-3.096, P=0.006) and heights 153.78±29.24 mm, 161.14±29.53 mm, 175.01±36.91 mm of the thoracic were significantly different between pre-posttreatment and the last follow up (t=-5.950, P=0.000; t=-3.997, P=0.001). Serial cast and brace application can preserve the growth of the thorax. Conclusion Serial cast and brace are viable growth friendly methods to deal with progressed EOS, Although a cure improvement cannot be always expected, they can stabilize relatively large curves in young children and may help delay eventual surgical intervention.

Objective To observe the value of a YOLOX target detection model for automatically identifying endovascular interventional instruments on images of digital subtract angiography(DSA).Methods DSA data of 37 patients who underwent abdominal endovascular interventional therapy were retrospectively analyzed.Totally 4 435 DSA images were captured and taken as data set,which were divided into training set(n=3 991)and verification set(n=444)at the ratio of 9∶1.Six kinds of endovascular interventional instruments were labeled.YOLOX algorithm was applied for deep learning of data in training set in order to build a target detection model,and the efficacy of the model for automatically identifying endovascular interventional instruments on DSA images was evaluated based on varification set.Results A total of 6 668 labels were put on 4 435 DSA images,aimed on Terumo 0.035in loach guide wire(n=587),Cook Lunderquist super hard guide wire(n=990),Optimed 5F with graduated pig tail catheter(n=1 680),Cordis MPA multi-functional catheter(n=667),Boston Scientific V-18 controllable guide wire(n=1 330)and Terumo 6F long sheath(n= 1 414),respectively.The training set contained 527,875,1 466,598,1 185 and 1 282,while the verification set contained 60,115,214,69,145 and 132 the above labels,respectively.The pixel accuracy of YOLOX target detection model for automatically identifying the above instruments in the verification set was 95.23%,97.32%,99.18%,98.97%,97.60%and 98.19%,respectively,with a mean pixel accuracy of 97.75%.Conclusion YOLOX target detection model could automatically identify endovascular interventional instruments on images of DSA.

OBJECTIVETo screen the HIV-1 entry inhibitors targeting HIV-1 gp120 from the IBS natural product database by virtual screening based on the binding mode of the neutralizing antibody VRC01 with HIV-1 gp120 and investigate the anti-viral activities of the inhibitors and their action mechanisms.

METHODSThe binding interaction of the candidate molecules binding gp120 and changes of the binding free energy were analyzed by MM-PBSA calculation. The anti-HIV-1 activities of the tested compounds were detected by HIV-1 pseudotyped virus, laboratory-adapted HIV-1 and a cell-cell fusion assay. The cytotoxicity of the studied molecules was examined by XTT colorimetric assay. The mechanisms of the anti-viral activities of the candidate molecules were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

RESULTSA total of 19 molecules with distinct reduction of the binding free energy after binding with gp120 were screened from 40000 molecules. Among them, NC-2 showed anti-HIV-1 activities against HIV-1 pseudotyped virus and laboratory-adapted HIV-1, and was capable of blocking HIV-1 envelope-mediated cell-cell fusion. The IC50 of NC-2 for inhibiting HIV-1IIIB and pseudotyped HIV-1JRFL infection were 1.95∓0.44 µmol/L and 10.58∓0.13 µmol/L, respectively. The results of ELISA suggested that NC-2 could inhibit the binding of HIV-1 gp120 to CD4 without blocking the formation of gp41 six-helix bundle in vitro.

CONCLUSIONThis computer-based virtual screening method can be used to screen HIV-1 entry inhibitors targeting gp120. Using this virtual screening approach combined with anti-viral activity screening, we obtained a potent HIV-1 entry inhibitor NC-2 with novel structure.

Anti-HIV Agents ; pharmacology ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; pharmacology ; Antibodies, Neutralizing ; pharmacology ; Binding Sites ; Cell Fusion ; Cell Line ; Drug Discovery ; Drug Evaluation, Preclinical ; HIV Antibodies ; pharmacology ; HIV Envelope Protein gp120 ; antagonists & inhibitors ; HIV-1 ; drug effects ; Humans ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests

Objective:To explore the association of molecular subtypes with local recurrence, distant metastasis and prognosis in breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvant therapy after modified radical mastectomy as well as its significance.Methods:The clinical data of 108 patients with breast cancer undergoing adjuvant therapy after modified radical operation in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from March 2002 to March 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the expressions of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2), patients with breast cancer were divided into 4 molecular subtypes, including Luminal A, Luminal B, HER2-positive and triple-negative. The relationship between clinicopathological factors and molecular subtypes was analyzed, and the local recurrence rate and distant metastasis rate of breast cancer patients with various molecular subtypes were compared. Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used to make single factor analysis of survival. Cox proportional hazard model was used to make multi-factor survival analysis.Results:Among 108 patients, 41 cases were Luminal A, 40 cases were Luminal B, 17 cases were HER2-positive and 10 cases were triple-negative. The differences in compositions of patients with age, tumor size, pathological type, lymph node metastasis, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging, vascular tumor thrombus, resection margin, and chemotherapy cycle number among groups with 4 molecular subtypes were not statistically significant (all P > 0.05), while the difference in compositions of patients receiving endocrine therapy was statistically significant ( P < 0.01). The local recurrence rate of patients with Luminal A, Luminal B, HER2 positive and triple-negative was 14.6% (6/41),15.0% (6/40), 11.8% (2/17), 10.0% (1/10), respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant ( P > 0.05). The distant metastasis rate of patients with HER2-positive and triple-negative was 35.3% (6/17) and 40% (4/10), respectively, which was higher than that of patients with Luminal A [24.4% (10/41)] and Luminal B [22.5% (9/40)], but there was no statistically significant difference among the four types ( P > 0.05). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed there was no statistical difference in progression-free survival of patients with Luminal A, Luminal B, HER2-positive and triple-negative ( P > 0.05), while there was a statistical difference in the overall survival (OS) ( P = 0.047), and the OS of triple-negative patients was the worst, meanwhile AJCC staging, lymph node metastasis and endocrine therapy were associated with the OS (all P < 0.05). Multi-factor Cox proportional hazard model analysis showed that lymph node metastasis ( OR = 4.481, 95% CI 1.377-14.580, P = 0.013) and endocrine therapy ( OR = 0.165, 95% CI 0.034-0.800, P = 0.025) were independent prognostic factors affecting OS. Conclusions:There is no statistically significant difference in local recurrence rate for breast cancer patients with different molecular types undergoing adjuvant therapy after modified radical mastectomy. Breast cancer patients with Luminal have better OS, while those with triple-negative have the worst OS. Molecular subtypes may have an important significance for the treatment choice and prognosis judgement of breast cancer.

OBJECTIVE: Utilize high-resolution chromosome analysis and microarray detection to determine the genetic etiology of infertility of a 32-year old female patient. METHODS: The peripheral blood of the patient was cultured for high-resolution chromosome G and C banding karyotype analysis, and then 750K SNP-Array chip detection was performed. RESULTS: Karyotype analysis results showed that the patient's karyotype was 45,XX,-13 [7]/46,XX,r(13) (p13q34) [185]/46,XX,dic r(13;13)(p13q34;p13q34) [14]/ 47,XX,+der(13;13;13;13) (p13q34;p13q34;p13q34; p13q34), dic r(13;13) [1]/ 46,XX [3]. The microarray results showed that the patient had a 3.3 Mb deletion in the 13q34 segment of chromosome 13, which may be related to infertility. CONCLUSION Infertility of the patient reported in this article may be related to the deletion of chromosome segment (13q34-qter).
Adult ; Chimera ; Chromosome Banding ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosome Disorders/genetics* ; Dacarbazine ; Female ; Humans ; Infertility/genetics* ; Ring Chromosomes

Objective:To explore different strategies of central repair first or malperfusion first to treat type A aortic dissection complicated with limb malperfusion.Methods:From January 2020 to December 2021, 302 patients were diagnosed with acute type A aortic dissection, and 17 consecutive patients were diagnosed as type A acute aortic dissection complicated with limb malperfusion and underwent Sun’s procedure. There were 16 males and 1 female with an average of(52.6±4.2)years. Surgical strategies were as follows: immediate central repair-Sun’s procedure in 14 patients, endovascular stenting followed by central repair in 3 patients, endovascular stenting after central repair in 1 patient.Results:The incidence rate of limb malperfusion of acute Stanford A aortic dissection was 5.6%(17/302). Average extracorporeal circulation time was(271.8±38.9)min, average aortic cross-clamp time was (186.3±31.8)min, and the average circulatory arrest time was (48.75±11.3)min. Early mortality rate was 17.6%(3/17). Two patients were left hospital voluntarily because of cerebral infarction. One patient underwent leg incision osteofascial compartment syndrome and discharged unevently. Five patients underwent continuous renal replacement therapy and hemoperfusion. Follow-up results showed that patients with serious limb malperfusion have symptoms of nerve dysfunction including amyosthenia and sensory disturbance, but recovered gradually with rehabilitation.Conclusion:Sun’s procedure is safe and feasible for type A acute aortic dissection complicated with mild limb malperfusion. For serious limb malperfusion, endovascular stent followed by Sun’s procedure is a good choice with CRRT and hemoperfusion.