Activity and localization of y-glutamyl transpeptidase (?-GT) , ?-Naph-thyl acetate esterase (ANAE) , alkaline phospbatase (AKP) and glucose-6-phosphatase (G-6-P) in the epididymis of the rat has been investigated histo-chemically by light microscopy.?-GT activity was mainly localized on the supranuclear region and the ste-reocilia of the epithelial cells. The intensity in the epithelium of the segment Ⅱ is the highest of the rat epididymis. There was a gradual decrease in the intensity of this enzyme from segment Ⅲ through Ⅳ and it was absent from the segment Ⅳ. Activity of ANAE in the segment Ⅳ, Ⅴ and Ⅵ was higher, but that in the segment Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅳ was less. ANAE activity was localized throughout the cytoplasm of the epithelial cells in the segment Ⅰ,Ⅲ, Ⅴ and Ⅵ. Whereas the activity in the segment Ⅱ and Ⅳ was localized on the basal region of the epithelial cells. AKP activity was present in the basement membrane of the epididymal epithelium and the bloodvessel wall of subepithelial connective, tissue of the epididymal duct. G-6-P was distributed homogenously in the cytoplasm of the epithelial cells throughout the epididymal duct.The possible function of these enzymes in the rat epididymis are briefly discussed.

Objective To evaluate clinical application of arterial embolotherapy on hyperthyroidism. Methods 11 patients with hyperthyroidism were performed with thyroid superior and inferior arterial super selective arteriography and interventional embolization by polyvinyl alcohol(PVA),gelfoam particles and wool gianturco coil. Results The procedures were succeeded in 11 patients. After the embolotherapy , the thyroid function gradually returned to normal level in 10 patients. The symptom was not controlled satisfactorily in 1 patient, who underwent the right thyroid inferior arteries superselective arteriography and interventional embolization, and then the thyroid function gradually returned to normal level. No serious complications occurred in all patients. Conclusions Arterial embolotherapy is a safe, simple,symptomless, reliable and very effective for treatment of hyperthroidism.

Objective To evaluate the clinical application of selective salpinography(SSG)and fallopian tube recanalization(FTR). Methods 215 patients with Infertilis Feminis were performed with hysterosalpinoraphy(HSG)SSG and FRT. Anti-infection and physical therapy were then undertaken postoperatively. Results The successful rates of properly performed catheterization and recanalization reached 92.8% and 90.2%, respectively. During the follow-up of six years, 98 cases(51.3%)obtained the ability of intrauterine pregnancy. Conclusions HSG and FTR are simple, reliable, symptomless, very effective for treatment of ovarian tube infertility.

Objective To evaluate arterial embolization in the treatment of hyperthyrodism.Methods The catheterization of the femoral artery was carried out with Seldinger's method.After super-selective catheterization of superior and inferior thyroid arteries were completed,embolization with PVA,grain of gelfoam or wreath of spring was performed.Results The procedures were succeeded in 11 cases.After the embolization,the function of thyroid gradually retuned to normal level.All of them were healed clinically.Conclusion Arterial embolization is a simple,safe,reliable and very effective treatment for hyperthyrodism.

Objective To investigate the application of ultrasound and blood indicators in diagnosis of early liver cirrhosis (S4) for patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB).Methods Data of blood and ultrasound examinations of 631 patients with CHB who received liver biopsy in the Sixth People' s Hospital of Shenyang during April 2002 and March 2011 were collected.Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the factors independently correlated with early liver cirrhosis,and the diagnostic model was established using these indicators.The diagnostic value of the established model was assessed by using area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) and compared with FIB-4 index,aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/platelet (PLT) ratio index (APRI) and S index.Results Logistic regression analysis indicated that age,PLT,albumin globulin ratio (A/G) and splenic square area (SPS) in ultrasound findings were independently correlated to early liver cirrhosis (Wald =10056,46.236,3.751 and 10.669,P ＜0.01).AUROC of the model based on the above factors in diagnosing early liver cirrhosis was 0.908,which was higher than those of FIB-1 index,APRI index and S index (Z =8.322,4.334 and 4.087,P ＜ 0.05).Taking 0.063 as cut-off value,the sensitivity,specificity,positive predict value and negative predict value of the established model in diagnosis of early liver cirrhosis were 90.1％,77.8％,50.0％ and 97.1％,respectively.Taking ＜0.060 and ≥0.110 as the cut-off values to exclude,and diagnose early liver cirrhosis,69.7％ (440/631) patients could avoid liver biopsy.Conclusion The model based on age,PLT,A/G and SPS can effectively predict early liver cirrhosis,and can reduce liver biopsy.

Objective To evaluate the clinical curative effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza Ligustrazine combined with Butylphthalide in cerebral infarction of children. Methods Sixty-two children with acute cerebral infarction were randomly divided into treatment group (33 patients) and control group (29 patients). The patients in two groups received the same basic treatment. The control group used Salvia Ligustrazine injection, and the treatment group used Salvia Ligustrazine injection combined with Butylphthalide. The total efficiency, the degree of recovery of muscle strength and the scores of nerve defect 2 weeks after treatment were compared. Results The total efficiency in treatment group was 87.9%(29/33), in control group was 75.9%(22/29), and there was significant difference (P<0.05). Two weeks after treatment, the muscle strength scores in treatment group was (4.00 ± 0.47) scores , in control group was (3.59 ± 0.98) scores, and there was significant difference (P<0.05). Two weeks after treatment, the scores of nerve defect in treatment group was (5.42 ± 2.18) scores, in control group was (6.86 ± 2.23) scores, and there was significant difference (P<0.05). Conclusions Salvia Ligustrazine combined with Butylphthalide in treatment of cerebral infarction of children has obvious effect, and it is worthy of spreading.

Chinese materia medica(CMM) industry is one of the most national identity in China′s industries.According to the development situation in recent years,putting forward some reasonable ideas will promote better and faster development of the CMM industry.In this paper,through the literature review combined with CMM industry development status,the current structure of CMM industry was analyzed.And based on the concept of the industrial chain,the CMM industry chain structure was analyzed and described.The proposal of building a harmonious CMM industry chain was put forward clearly,which will conform to the requirements of the CMM industry development.Above all,this article has provided some constructive ideas for future development of CMM industry.

Objective To evaluate endovascular treatment of Budd-Chiari syndrome(BCS)with occlusion of hepatic veins.Methods Retrospective analysis on the clinical materials of 32 BCS cases with occlusion of hepatic veins was made.Four cases received inferior vena cava(IVC)angioplasty or stent implant and splenorenal shunt;Transfemoral vein or transjugular hepatic vein angioplasty was performed in 10 cases,and percutaneous transhepatic recanalization combined with transjugular and/or transfemoral vein angioplasty of hepatic veins was performed in 16 cases,respectively.Two cases failed therapy attempt.Results A failure to find the main hepatic vein in percutaneous transhepatic venography lead to the abandent of therapy in 2 cases.Hepatic vein angioplasty and IVC angioplasty was successful in the other 30 cases.The pressure of hepatic vein decreased from(43±8)cm H_2O to(16±4)cm H_2O(t=21.23,P<0.01).The symptoms were obviously relieved,ascites disappeared,abdominal distension palliated,chest and abdominal wall varicose veins collapsed one week after endovascular treatment.During perioperative procedure,2 cases with liver puncture bleeding were cured by laparotomy.The follow-up duration was 5 months to 65 months and mean(26.0±2.0)months.There was no stent migration and hepatic vein restenosis and occlusion.Chest and abdominal wall varicose veins disappeared and esophagus phlebeurysma were ameliorated as shown by esophageal barium series.There were no pulmonary embolism and death.Conclusions The procedure of endovascular treatment of BCS with occlusion of hepatic veins is simple,mini-traumatic and effective.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the efficacy and safety of prednisone combined with human immunoglobulin(pH4)for intra-venous injection in the treatment of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. METHODS:85 patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura were divided into control group(42 cases)and observation group(43 cases). Control group received 1.6 mg/(kg·d)Predni-sone tablet,orally,for continuous 4 weeks;observation group received 400 mg/(kg·d)human immunoglobulin(pH4)for intravenous injection,intravenous injection,for continuous 5 d,then 1.6 mg/(kg·d)Prednisone tablet,orally,for continuous 4 weeks. All pa-tients were given Adrenal color hydrazone tablet,Vitamin C tablet and other conventional treatment. Clinical efficacy,platelet number, T lymphocyte subsets(CD3+,CD3+CD4+,CD3+CD8+,CD19+),TNF-α,IL-6 before and after treatment,time of platelet number reached normal and reached peak value,peak value of platelet number and the incidence of adverse reactions in 2 groups were ob-served. RESULTS:The total effective rate and peak value of platelet number in observation group were significantly higher than control group,time of platelet number reached normal and reached peak value were significantly shorter than control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). Before treatment,there were no significant differences in platelet number,T lymphocyte sub-sets,IL-6 and TNF-αlevel in 2 groups(P>0.05);after treatment,platelet number,CD3+and CD3+CD4+in 2 groups were significant-ly higher than before,and observation group was higher than control group,IL-6,TNF-αlevel,CD3+CD8+and CD19+were signifi-cantly lower than before,and observation group was lower than control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). And there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions in 2 groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Prednisone com-bined with human immunoglobulin(pH4) for intravenous injection shows better efficacy than prednisone alone in the treatment of idio-pathic thrombocytopenic purpura,it can increase platelet number,adjust immune function,and do not increase the incidence of ad-verse reactions.

Objective To compare the efficacy of laparoscopic-assisted hemicolectomy with that of open hemicolectomy for right colon carcinoma and to explore the safety and effectiveness of the formor procedure. Methods The clinical data on 46 patients who had undergone laparoscopic-assisted hemicolectomy and 68 patients who had received open hemicolectomy between December 2009 and December 2013 in our department were retrospectively analyzed. Length of postoperative hospital stay, surgical duration, amount of intraoperative blood loss, number of lymph node dissection, time to postoperative anal exhaust, surgical costs, postoperative complications, and survival rate were compared between the two groups. Results There were no statistical differences between the two grounps in gender, age, body mass index, pathological typing, depth of invasion, and total number of lymph node dissection. Length of hospital stay was 6.84 days in the group of laparoscopic-assisted hemicolectomy and 11.72 days in the group of open hemicolectomy , with a statistical significance. Surgical duration and treatment costs did not differ significantly between the two groups; while amount of intraoperative blood loss (76.63 mL vs. 141.5 mL) and time to postoperative anal exhaust differed significanly. Conclusions Laparoscopic-assisted hemicolectomy is safe and effective for treatment of colon cancer , It has advantages of small trauma, rapid postoperative recovery, and a nice-looking surgical incision.