Objective To investigate the gene expression of methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2) and methyl-CpG-binding domain 2 (mbd2) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) and their significance in the pathogenesis of SLE. Methods Semiquantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR was applied to detect the mRNA expression of MeCP2 and mbd2 in PBMCs obtained from relieved (n=17), active (n=17) SLE patients and healthy controls (n=17). The correlations were further analyzed among these parameters. Results No significant difference was observed in the expression level of MeCP2 mRNA among active SLE patients, relieved SLE patients and healthy controls (P>0.05). The expression of mbd2 in relieved SLE patients was significantly higher than that in health controls (t=12.8, P<0.01), but lower than that in active SLE patients (t=20.0, P<0.01). The expression of mbd2 positively correlated with SLEDAI (r=0.737, P=0.0001) of patients with SLE, and a positive correlation was also observed between the expression of mbd2 and MeCP2 in healthy controls (r=0.550, P=0.0222). Conclusions The expression of MeCP2 and mbd2 may be mutually constrained in normal human, but this relationship seems to be disturbed in patients with SLE.

Nowadays the pathogenesis of early-onset depression is still uncertain. Only SSRIs are currently approved for clinical use as antidepressants in children and adolescents, indicating that 5-HT is the most important neurotransmitter involved in the dis-ease. Current studies with regard to central 5-HTergic system in early-onset depression mainly focus on 5-HT synthesis deficien-cy, 5-HT transportation dysregulation, as well as the earlier mat-uration of 5-HT system than norepinephrine system. 5-HT precur-sor tryptophan malabsorption and dysregulation of 5-HT synthesis can contribute to 5-HT deficiency. Moreover, the 5-HTTLPR low-expressing genotypes may increase the risk of early-onset de-pression. It is necessary to make preclinical and clinical studies more widely and deeply about the effect of central 5-HTergic sys-tem in early-onset depression in future.

Objective To compare the characteristics of remifentanil and sufentanil for tracheal intubation general anesthesia in gyneco-logical laparoscopic operation. Methods 80 patients received gynecological laparoscopic operation were randomly divided into the remifen-tanil group and the sufentanil group with 40 patients in each group, and they were performed total intravenous anesthesia with remifentanil or sufentanil respectively. Compare the changes of heart rate, mean arterial pressure in the two groups before and after induction, at the time of intubation, pneumoperitoneum, and after the operation. And differences in two groups were recorded in the recovery time, extubation time, postoperative pain in 24 hours, exhaust time and postoperative complications. Results Change trend and magnitude in heart rate, mean ar-terial pressure had no significant difference in the two groups (P>0. 05). The recovery time, extubation time in remifentanil group was shor-ter (P<0. 01), postoperative pain in 24 hours in sufentanil group was more mild (P<0. 01). Exhaust time and postoperative complications of the two groups had no significant difference (P>0. 05). Conclusion Remifentanil and sufentanil used in gynecological laparoscopic op-eration can achieve good effect. and effects of the two drugs on hemodynamics were similar. Remifentanil can recieve better effect in terms of recovery time, while sufentanil has better postoperative analgesia effect.

Objective To compare the effect of nursing students acting as social volunteers to participate in gerontological nursing practice teaching with traditional practice teaching mode, and promote the reform of teaching mode in nursing practice. Methods Students of two classes from department of nursing, medical college of Wuhan University of Science and Technology were selected as research objects. In class one nursing students acted as social volunteers to participate in gerontological nursing practice teaching (the experimental group), In class two nursing students took practice in geriatric wards according to traditional practice mode(the control group). The practice effect was compared between two groups. Results The average final grade of the experimental group was 86.50, and 78.51 in the control group. Ridit analysis revealed that, setting class one as the experimental group, R=0.796 8,95% confidence interval was 0.715 1-0.878 4, in the control group, R =0.500 0. The investigation showed that the experimental group and the control group were different in moral elevation aspect, teaching level, capability improving aspect and employment promotion aspect, the difference was significant (P<0.01). Conclusions The mode of nursing students acting as social volunteers to participate in gerontological nursing practice teaching has advantage over traditional practice teaching, and it can gain satisfying teaching effect.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the changes in the levels of monocarboxylate transporter-2 in spinal cord horn in a rat model of chronic inflammatory pain.

METHODSMale SD rats weighting 180 - 220 g were randomly divided into two groups(n = 48): normal saline group (NS group), complete Freund's adjuvant group (CFA group). Rats were given injections of CFA 100 µl in left hind paw in group CFA, and an equal volume of saline was given injection in group NS. Mechanical withdraw threshold(MWT) and thermal withdraw latency(TWL) were measured at before injection(T0 and 3 h, 1 d, 3 d, 7 d, 14 d, and 21 d after injection(T1-7). Four rats were chosen from each group at T0-7 and sacrificed, and L4-5 segments of the spinal cord horn were removed for measurement of the expression of monocarboxylate transporter-2 by Western blot analysis.

RESULTSIn CFA group, mechanical hyperalgesia and allodynia appeared on the 3 h after CFA injection, then until the day 14. The expression of monocarboxylate transporter-2 in the spinal dorsal horn of rats in CFA group was significantly higher than that in normal control group at T1-6(P <0.05). The protein level of monocarboxylate transporter-2 was apparently correlated with MWT and TWL(P <0.01 and P <0.05) in CFA group.

CONCLUSIONThe level of monocarboxylate transporter-2 in spinal dorsal horn is significantly increased in a rat model of chronic inflammatory pain and the change may involve in the formation and maintenance of central sensitization in spinal cord of chronic inflammatory uain.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Freund's Adjuvant ; Hyperalgesia ; chemically induced ; Inflammation ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; Male ; Monocarboxylic Acid Transporters ; metabolism ; Pain ; chemically induced ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Spinal Cord ; metabolism ; physiopathology

BACKGROUND: When one is in a stress state, some amino acids as neurotransmitter in his brain are of important regulating action to his cerebral functions and his psychic behaviors,and some traditional Chinese drugs can regulate the stress state of the body.OBJECTIVE:To observe the content changes of glutamic acid,aspartic acid, γ-aminobutyric acid and taurine in the hypothalamus and hippocampus of rats under repeatedly psychic stress so as to investigate the effects of tiaogan recipe, jianpi recipe, bushen recipe and ginsenoside on them.DESIGN: A randomized grouping and controlled observation trial.SETTING:Department of Basic Theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) of Basic Medical Science College, Guangzhou University of TCM.MATERIALS:The experiment was completed from March 2002 to January 2003 at the Animal Center of Guangzhou University of TCM.Totally60 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: normal, model, tiaogan, bushen, jianpi and ginsenoside groups, with 10 in each group. Compositions and doses of tiaogan recipe: radix bupleuri 5 g, fruetus gardeniae 5 g,radix paeoniae alba 15 g,fructus lycii 15 g,fructus aurantii 6 g,radix rehmanniae 18 g, concha haliotidis 30 g. Compositions and doses of shenqi pill: radix rehmanniae 30 g, rhizoma dioscoreae 15 g, fructus corni 15 g,rhizoma alismatis 10 g,poria 10 g,cortex moutan radicis 10 g,ramulus cinnamomi 4 g, radix aconiti praeparata 4 g. Compositions and doses of sijunzi decoction:radix codonopsis pilosulae 20 g,rhizoma atractylodis macrocephalae 15 g, poria 15 g, radix glycyrrhizae preparata 6 g.METHODS:① The traditional Chinese medicines were conventionally decocted; and the tiaogan recipe condensed to the liquid containing1.69 g/mL crude drug, shenqi pill containing 1.76 g/mL crude drug,sijunzi decoction containing 1.01 g/mL crude drug.Ginsenoside was prepared as 7 g/L water solution.The rats in the normal and model groups were by gavage given 2 mL of 9.0 g/L sodium chloride injection.The rats in the tiaogan, bushen, jianpi and ginsenoside groups were respectively by gavage given 2 mL of tiaogan recipe, shenqi pill, sijunzi decoction and ginsenoside solution 1 hour before immobilization stress. ② Except for rats in the normal group, those in the rest groups were all conducted for establishment of psychic stress reaction model.The rats were put into an immobilization tube,their action space was gradually reduced by using a mobile insertion piece,they were regulated to a nervous state without prpduction of intense revolting, which was done once a day, starting with 4 hours immobilization on the first day, and later on increased by 30-60 minutes per day, for consecutive 14 days. ③ The whole brain of the rats in each group was collected by decapitation,OPA high-performance liquid chromatography was used for assays of the contents of glutamic acid, aspartic acid, γaminobutyric acid and taurine in hypothalamus and hippocampus of the rats.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The content changes of glutamic acid,aspartic acid,γ-aminobutyric acid and tanrine in the hypothalamus and hippocampus of rats in each group.RESULTS: Totally 60 rats involved all entered into the result analysis. ①The content changes of glutamic acid in the hypothalamus and hippocampus of rats in each group:Compared with normal group,the contents of glutamic acid in hypothalamus of rats in the tiaogan, jianpi,bushen and ginsenoside groups were markedly decreased [(21.85±8.19), (15.76±1.80),(14.68±7.91), (21.46±5.45), (13.43±7.68) μmoL/g]; compared with model group,the contents in the tiaogan, bushen, jianpi and ginsenoside groups were obviously raised [(11.04±3.65), (11.78±2.17), (18.67±2.98), (20.91 ±3.96),(17.71±1.83) μ moL/g, P ＜ 0.05, P ＜ 0.01, P ＜ 0.01, P ＜ 0.05]. ② The content changes of aspartic acid in the hypothalamus and hippocampus of rats in each group:Compared with model group,the contents of aspartic acid in the hypothalamus in the jianpi and ginsenoside groups were obviously decreased [(8.65±1.18), (5.72±1.32), (4.67±1.88) μmoL/g, P ＜ 0.01,P ＜ 0.01], while the contents in the hippocampus of rats in the jianpi,bushen and ginsenoside groups were markedly raised[(2.58 ±0.87),(3.93±0.49), (4.52±0.98), (3.83±0.41) μmoL/g, P ＜ 0.01, P ＜ 0.01, P ＜ 0.05].③ The content changes of γ-aminobutyric acid in the hypothalamus and hippocampus of rats in each group:Compared with model group,the contents of γ-aminobutyric acid in the hypothalamus of rats in the tiaogan,jianpi,bushen and ginsenoside groups were markedly decreased[(20.92±4.96), (15.87±2.90), (13.84±2.63), (14.94±3.98), (10.94±3.68) μ moL/g,P ＜ 0.05, P ＜ 0.05, P ＜ 0.01, P ＜ 0.01], while the contents in the hypothalamus were obviously raised [(4.12±1.66), (4.18±1.04), (6.67±1.29),(6.11±0.99), (6.37±0.78) μmoL/g, P＜ 0.05, P＜ 0.01, P＜ 0.01, P＜ 0.01].④ The content changes of taurine in the hypothalamus and hippocampus of rats in each group: Compared with model group, the contents of taurine in the hypothalamus of rats in the tiaogan, jianpi, bushen and ginsenoside groups were markedly decreased [(10.24±1.72), (7.82±1.14), (8.00±2.05),(6.42±3.17) μmoL/g, P ＜ 0.05, P ＜ 0.05, P ＜ 0.01], while the contents in the hippocampus in the jianpi and ginsenoside groups were obviously raised [(12.61±3.51), (17.03±2.74), (18.04±2.14) μnoL/g, P＜ 0.01, P＜ 0.01].CONCLUSION:The central acting site of tiaogan recipe may mainly be in the hypothalamus,possibly being related with down-regulating amino acids.While the central acting sites ofjianpi recipe,bushen recipe and ginsenoside may include the hippocampus and hypothalamus, being mainly related with up-regulating amino acids,through enhancing the integration of the hippocampus on stress so as to gain the effect of anti-injury of stress.

Objective To explore associations between SG13S114A/T and SG13S32A/C polymorphisms of ALOX5AP gene and the genetic susceptibility of ischemic cerebrovascular diseases (ICVD) in Henan Han population.Methods Two hundred and forty-six ICVD patients and 245 healthy controls were recruited from Han population in Henan province. Polymorphisms of SG13S114A/T and SG13S32A/C in ALOX5AP gene were genotyped in these samples by SnaPshot minisequencing method.Each genotype frequency and allele frequency were statistically analyzed and compared between ICVD group and control group using SPSS16.0 software.Haplotype and linkage disequilibrium were analyzed by SHEsis software.Results The SG13S114 AA genotype frequency ( 18.7％ ) and A allele frequency (41.3％) in ICVD group were significantly higher than those in control group (9.0％ and 32.7％,respectively; P =0.002 and P =0.005 ).It was also found that in male ICVD group and in younger ICVD group ( ＜50 years old),the SG13S114 AA genotype frequencies (22.1％ and 22.0％,respectively) and A allele frequencies (42.1％ and 42.7％,respectively) were significantly higher than those in male control group and younger control group (SG13S114 AA genotype:9.0％ and 8.9％ ; P =0.010 and P =0.006,respectively) ;A allele frequencies,34.0％ and 32.0％ ; P =0.048 and P =0.020,respectively.Finally,the prevalence of A-A haplotype in ICVD group was significantly higher than that in control group(30.4％ vs 23.5％,OR =1.419,95％ CI 1.068-1.885,P =0.015).T-C haplotype frequency of ICVD group was significantly lower than that in control group (22.0％ vs 28.8％,OR =0.698,95％ CI 0.523-0.932,P =0.014 ).Conclusions The A allele in SG13S114 loci of ALOX5AP may be a genetic risk factor for ICVD in Han population in Henan province.The association is predominant in ICVD patients of male and younger than 50 years old.Maybe A-A haplotype increases the risk of ICVD and T-C haplotype and has a protective effect against ICVD in Henan Han population.

Objective To compare the effectiveness and safety of different intracranial stents assisted coil embolization of intracranial aneurysms and to discuss the selection of different stent assisted embolization of intracranial aneurysm.Methods From 2007 April to 2012 April,118 cases (a total of 128 wide-neck aneurysms) with intracranial aneurysms were analyzed retrospectively.This included the use of 70 neuroform,38 Enterprise,and 20 Solitaire AB stents forthe treatment of intracranial aneurysms.The successful use,aneurysm occlusion at the immediate post-operation,and early period of peri-operative complications were recorded from those clinical data in order to assess the effectiveness and safety of the different intracranial stents,which assisted coil embolization of intracranial aneurysms.Rank sum test and x2 test were used for statistics.Results Three aneurysms assisted with Neuroform stent were planted unsuccessfully,and the Enterprise and Solitaire stents were placed successfully.The embolism results of three stents after immediate postoperative angiography aneurysm: Neuroform stent occlusion rate was 40.0％ (28/ 70),the tumor residual rate was 38.6 ％ (27/70),and the partial embolization rate was 21.4 ％ (15/70) ; The Enterprise stent occlusion rate was 42.1％ (16/38),the tumor residual rate was 36.8 ％ (14/38),and the partial embolization rate was 21.1％ (8/38).The Solitaire AB stent occlusion rate was 40.0 ％ (8/20),the tumor residual rate was 35.0 ％ (7/20),and the partial embolization rate was 25.0 ％ (5/20).There were not significant differences in aneurismal occlusion (H =0.12,P ＞ 0.05).Early peri-operative complications results were: Neuroform stent occurred in 7,Enterprise frame in 4,and Solitaire AB stent occurred in 2.There were no significant differences in the incidence of complications in the early period after coiling (x2 =0,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Three kinds of intracranial stents assisted embolization of intracranial aneurysms are applied safely and effectively.The stent may be chosen according to morphology of parent artery and stent biological character.

Objective To evaluate the effect of different preparation processes on preparation of the glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor(GDNF)loaded microspheres and observe the biological activity of GDNF.Methods With polylactide-co-glycolide(PLGA)as the coating material,the GDNF-loaded microspheres were prepared by using double emulsion(W1/O/W2).Two-factor factorial design variance analysis was done to analyze the effects of the composition proportion of lactic acid(LA)and glycolic acid(GA)in PLGA and the stirring speed of multiple emulsion on particle size,entrapment efficiency,burst release and in vitro release characteristics of the GDNF-loaded microspheres.PC-12 bioassay was employed to detect the biological activity of the released GDNF so as to determine the optimal preparation process.Results The composition proportion of PLGA could affect the microspheres'burst release(P ＜ 0.05),with no effect on particle size and entrapment efficiency.with the higher.With higher proportion of GA,the release speed of GDNF in the microspheres was increased.When the stirring speed of multiple emulsion was increased from 1 000 r/min to 3 000 r/min,the particle size of the microspheres was decrease significantly(P ＜ 0.01),the burst release was increased markedly(P ＜ 0.01)and the in vitro release rate was accelerated.The activity of GDNF in the microspheres could last for about 20 days at 37℃,which was 10 days longer than that of single GDNF.Conclusions Double emulsioncan prepare the GDNF-loaded microspheres with high entrapment efficiency and suitable in vitro release time.In the meantime,the microspheres can extend the validity of GDNF.

Objective To summarize preliminary experiences on complete video-assisted thoracoscopes lobectomy for patients with non-small cell lung cancer.Methods From October 2009 to March 2012,42 patients with non-small cell lung cancer were treated with complete video-assisted thoracoscopes lobectomy.Tumors located in the left upper lobectomy in 7 cases,10 cases of left lower lobectomy,9 cases of upper right lung,4 cases of right lung,12 cases of lower right lobectomy.Preoperative cTNM stage was Ⅰ-Ⅱ (T1N0M0-T2N1M0),the size of tumor was ＜ 5 cm,no obvious lung and mediastinal lymph node enlargement or pleura hypertrophy.Results All operations were successful.There were (9.5 ± 3.2) pieces of lymph nodes removed.Nz lymph node cleaning was more than 3 groups,the average was 3.3 groups.The operation time was 100-400 (220 ± 37) min,blood loss was 120-700 (150 ± 63) ml,duration of drainage was 3-12(4.5 ± 2.1) d.The postoperative hospital stay was 9-31 (12.2 ± 5.0) d.Conclusion Video-assisted thoracoscopes lobectomy is technically feasible and safe,but the operation indications should be paid special attention.