Objective To study normal flora components of conjunctiva, explore the relationship between normal flora and ocu- lar bacterial infections.Methods The data of 1 198 bacterial cultures of conjunctiva in non-infectious cataract patients were re- viewed and compared with the results of 985 specimens of conjunctivitis, keratitis and endophthalmitis from January 2000 to December 2004.Results Positive culture of conjunctiva in non-infectious cataract patients was 628 in 1 198 specimens (52.4%).These bacteria including gram-positive cocci and gram-neganve bacilli constituted the normal flora of conjunctiva. Staphylococcus epidermidis was the predominant bacteria (51.1%, 341/667) and its prevalence increased during this 5-year period.S.epidermidis and S.aureus were also the most frequently isolated pathogens in specimens of conjunctivitis, keratitis and endophthalmitis.The correlation was statistically significant between the positive rate in normal eye and conjunctivitis or keratitis in terms of these two species, but not statistically significant between normal eye and endophthalmitis.The resistance rate of normal flora of conjunctiva to ampicillin, amikacin, tobramycin, ciprofloxacin, and ofloxacin increased year by year. The resistance rate to gentamicin and the combination of two drugs decreased.The changing resistant pattern was similar in pa- tients with eye infection.Conclusions There is a close relationship between the normal flora S.aureus and S.epidermidis of conjunctiva and the bacterial infection of ocular surface, but no significant correlation between normal flora and the pathogen of endophthalmitis.

Objective To evaluate the outcome of unconstrained shoulder arthroplasty for severe injury of proximal part of the humerus.Methods Twelve eases were all treated with unconstrained shoul- der arthroplasty.Six patients with complex fractures of proximal humerus and four with bone tumor in the proximal part of the humerus used hemiarthroplasty and two patients with osteoarthritis were managed with total shoulder arthroplasty.Cemented prostheses were used in all the cases.Results The average age was 65 years and the follow-up was 2.3 years.Two cases of complex fractures had light pain with limited external rotation of the shoulder.No pain or prosthetic stems loosening were found,and the range of motion and the function of the shoulder were satisfactory in other cases.Conclusion Unconstrained shoulder arthroplasty is a satisfactory and safe technique for severe injury of proximal humerus.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the disinfection efficacy of dental high-speed hand-pieces contaminated by HBV with the method of pressure steam sterilizer.METHODS Taking 50 oral clinical patients randomly,and three group-samples which included saliva,hand-pieces contaminated by clinical operation and disinfected by pressure steam sterilizing were collected,then the samples were detected HBsAg and HBV DNA,respectively.RESULTS There were 95% of the saliva samples being HBsAg positive,the positive rate of the high-speed hand-pieces contaminated by clinical operation was lower than the saliva samples,and the positive rate of the hand-piece disinfected by pressure steam sterilizing was the lowest.HBV DNA was undetectable in the sample before or after disinfected hand-pieces used in patients′ saliva which HBsAg s/co value higher than 5.0.CONCLUSIONS Pressure steam sterilizing is effective to reduce the contaminated HBV on hand-pieces,but the biology test should be taken to demonstrate whether the complete sterilizing is achieved.

Objective To explore the application value of diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI) in distinction of skull base chordoma from chondrosarcoma.Methods The clinical data and imaging findings of basicranial tumor confirmed by pathology,including 14 patients with classic chordoma,9 with poorly differentiated chordoma and 18 with chondrosarcoma were analyzed retrospectively.The lesion location,enhancement patterns,signal intensity on T2 WI relative to gray matter,and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were reviewed.The enhancement pattern was scored as 0 (little or non-enhancement),1 (heterogeneous enhancement),or 2 (homogeneous enhancement in ≥90％area).The data were analysed by Kruskal-Wallis test.Results There were significant differences in the mean,minimum and maximum ADC values,the intensity on T2 WI and the enhancement pattern among the three tumor types (P ＜0.05).However,the differences in the score of enhancement pattern and lesion location were not found (P＞0.05).Conclusion DWI may be helpful for the diagnosis of skull base chordoma from chondrosarcoma,and the accuracy rate will be improved when combined with T2WI intensity.

Objective To analyze the succumbed reasons of emergent pereutaneous coronary intervention(EPCI)in treatment of acute myocardial infarction(AMI)during operation and in-hospital period.Method During March 1999 to June 2005,623 AMI patients received EPCI,and 27 patients died.The succumbed reasons and clinical characteristics of the succumbed patients were analyzed.Result Among the 27 succumbed patients,with age 51 to 91(69?18)years old, 16 had three-vessel lesions.10 had two-vessel lesions and l had single vessel lesion.Ten patients were accompanied with old myocardial infarction,9 with diabetes meUitus,19 with hypertensions,4 with impaired renal functions,and 6 with old cerebral infarction.Nine patients died of eardingenic shocks,6 died of no-reflows,2 died of heart ruptures,2 thrombosis, 2 acute left heart failure,2 acute renal failure,2 intracranial hemorrhage,l shock due to hemorrhage of puncture position, and l acute perieardiae tamponade.Conclusion The succumbed reasons of EPCI in treatment of acute myocardial infarction were various.Cardiac shock and no-reflow were primary reasons.Old age,multi-vessel lesion,diabetes mellitus, and old myocardial infarction may serve as predicting factors.

Objective To investigate the role of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in impaired wound healing of diabetes mellitus.Methods The back skin defect was produced in rats with type1diabetes.All of these rats were divided into normal group, diabetes group, lithium chloride group, and epidermal growth factor (EGF) group.The back wound healing and β-catenin expression were observed.Results There were no signs of infection in the wound of rats after injury.Compared with diabetic group, the wound healing time was shorter,wound healing rate was higher, wound cavity volume was smaller, granulation tissue was more mature, and β-catenin positive cell rate was higher in normal group, lithium chloride group, and EGF group(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).Conclusions Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway is involved in the process of wound healing in diabetic rats.

The effects of surfactants on the production of cellulase by Trichoderma viride in liquid substrate fermentation process were investigated. Straw was used as the sole carbon source and the surfactants were biosurfactant rhamnolipid from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Tween 80. The changes of FPA,CMCase,Avicelase and surface tension with time were analyzed under different concentrations of the two surfactants. The results showed that the surfactants can enhance the enzyme activity of Trichoderma viride. The FPA,CMCase,Avicelase were promoted 1.08,1.6 and 1.03 times higher than the controls by rhamnolipid. The enhancement of the enzyme activity by rhamnolipid was much higher than that of Tween 80. At the same time,rhamnolipid was not degraded prior to other substrate.

Objective:To summarize the clinical outcomes of en-bloc kidney transplantation from small infant donors to adult recipients at a single center.Methods:A total of 22 en-bloc transplantations from pediatric donors to adult recipients were performed from July 2013 to October 2017 in Institute of Organ Transplantation Affiliated Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science. Clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. The average age of 22 donors was (2.9±1.7) months with an average weight of (4.9±1.4) kg and 15 of them were aged under 3 months. The average weight of 22 adult recipients was (46.3±5.6) kg and most recipients were female. The causes of early graft failure and recipient death were examined during follow-ups. The recipients with functioning grafts post-transplantation were divided into single kidney survival group and en-bloc kidney survival group based upon the occurrence of unilateral vascular thrombosis. Medium/long-term renal graft function was compared between two groups.Results:Early graft failure occurred in 4 recipients. The causes were bilateral renal vascular thrombosis ( n=2), renal rupture ( n=1) and multiple organ failure followed by death ( n=1). Eighteen recipients were discharged after a recovery of renal graft function. One case had a removal of bilateral renal grafts due to new-onset graft tumor and another two died from interstitial pneumonia and complicate systematic disorder respectively during follow-ups. Among the remaining 15 recipients, 10 achieved bilateral renal survival (median follow-up: 59 months) and 5 unilateral renal survival (median follow-up: 48 months). The average eGFR of bilateral renal survival group was significantly higher than that of unilateral renal survival group at Year 1 post-transplantation (95±27 vs 61±24 ml/min/1.73 m 2, P<0.05) while the gap narrowed at Year 3 and there was no statistical significance (95±21 vs 69±31 ml/min/1.73 m 2, P=0.12). Conclusions:Although en-bloc kidney transplantation from infant donors can expand organ donor pool, there is a higher risk of early graft failure and unilateral renal vascular thrombosis. Nevertheless, satisfactory renal transplant outcomes may be achieved in patients with unilateral renal graft survival.

Protective effect and mechanism of electroacupuncture (EA) on acute reperfusion ventricular arrhthmia was investigated. Ventricular arrhythmia was induced by occlusion of the proximal left anterior descend (LAD) branch of coronary artery for 5 min and followed with 15 min reperfusion. EA on acupoint "Neiguan", "Jianshi" was performed at 30 min before ligation and continued another 5 min during ischemia. Isoprenaline (20, 30 and 50 microg/kg) or atropine (1 mg/ kg) was intravenously injected at 5 min before ischemia. The results showed that EA significantly decreased the incidence of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) induced ventricular tachycardia (VT), ventricular fibrillation (VF) and mortality as compared to I/R group. Atropine partially suppressed the EA's effect of antiarrhythmia; Isoprenaline increased the incidence and severity of reperfusion arrhythmia, which was inhibited by EA, but this inhibition of EA was blocked with increasing dose of isoprenaline. The results indicated that EA treatment could prevent the occurrence of reperfusion ventricular arrhythmia in rats with myocardial ischemia, and its mechanism might be related to the regulation of EA on the beta-adrenoceptors and M-cholinergic receptor activation in myocardium.

Objective To study the biodistribution of anti-HER-2/neu monoclonal antibody Herceptin labeled by 131I(131I-Herceptin) in healthy KM mice and nude mice bearing human ovarian cancer xenografts and radioimmunoimaging (RII) of the nude xenografts-bearing mice.Methods 131I-Herceptin was prepared using Iodogen method.The labeling efficiency, radiochemical purity, stability and immunocompetence were measured.The percentage activity of injection dose per gram of tissue (%ID/g) and the radioactivity ratio of tumor to non-tumor tissue (T/NT) were calculated for each time point.The optimal time for imaging was investigated by comparing the 131I-Herceptin SPECT for the nude mouse models bearing ovarian cancer xenografts at different time points.Results The labeling efficiency and radiochemical purity of 131I-Herceptin were 89.8% and 98.4%, respectively.The labeling was stable and had good immunocompetence.131 I-Herceptin was cleared rapidly mainly through liver, spleen and kidneys, consistent with first order two-compartment model.The uptake of 131I-Herceptin in the tumors bearing human SKOV-3 xenografts was much higher than that in nontumor tissue.The% ID/g was 18.08 in the tumor at 24 h post injection.The T/NT ratio increased with time and was 27.27 at 72 h post injection.The tumors in nude mice bearing SKOV-3 xenografts could be visualized on 131I-Herceptin SPECT imaging 2 h post injection; definitely identiffed 48 h post injection and the radioactivity ratio of tumor to contralateral tissue was 11.44 at 120 h post injection.However, the tumor in nude mice bearing HO-8910 xenografts did not show abnormal uptake of 131 I-Herceptin at each time point.Conclusions 131 I-Herceptin is a good radiopharmaceutical targeting SK-OV-3 xeuografts and it may be useful in imaging carcinoma of ovary and target therapy of its metastases with high HER-2/neu expression.