OBJECTIVE To investigate hand hygiene of healthcare workers in burn ward in our hospital and provide scientific basis for the effective prevention and control of hospital infection in burn ward.METHODS Selected randomly 30 healthcare workers in burn ward and sampled from hands for bacterial culture.RESULTS The average colony of hand pathogens of the 30 healthcare workers was 105.42 CFU/cm2,the maximam was 1093 CFU/cm2.Among the hand pathogens,40.91% were Bacillus subtilis,36.36% were micrococcus and 13.64% were Staphylococcus aureus.CONCLUSIONS Hand hygiene of healthcare workers are not optimistic in burn ward.Strengthening the education of hand hygiene and raising the executable rate of hand hygiene are important measures to prevent and control the hospital infection in burn ward.

Objective To detect the type of gene mutation of thalassemia in Kunming city.Methods Sixty-three cases highly suspec-tive of thalassemia were determined with the methods of ploymerase chain reaction(PCR) and reverse dot blot(RDB) for the type of gene mutation.Results According to gene analysis,35 cases were final diagnosed from 63 cases suspective of thalassemia.Among the total,4 cases were gene deficiency ?-thalassemia,and 30 cases were gene deficiency ?-thalassemia,and there was 1 case both ?-thalassemia and ?-thalassemia.There were 9 types of gene mutation with 15 gene combinations in 35 samples.The main type of ?-thalassemia was--SEA/??,there were 6 types with 11 gene combinations from the types of genes of ?-thalassemia,the highest incidence of gene mutation was 17 site,including 17 site homozygote,heterozygote and double heterozygote.Conclusions The thalassemia invasion of Yunnan has its characters,and it is valuable to launch further research.In the same patient,there are ?-thalassemia and ?-thalassemia,it signifies that those 2 types should be diagnosed in the same time,to prevent missed diagnosis.

Objective To report the prenatal molecular diagnosis for two gravida in a family with spondylepiphyseal dysplasia congenita(SEDC)caused by G504S mutation of COL2A1 gene.Methods DNA of the two fetuses was extracted from amniotic fluid at the 19+3 and 18+6 weeks of gestation respectively.Direct sequencing of two samples were performed after amplifying exon 23 of COL2A1 containing the potential mutation.The femur length and biparietal diameter of the first fetus were measured by sonographic scans every two weeks from 17+3 weeks to 27+3 weeks of gestation,and for the second fetus these parameters were measured from 16+1 to 19+1 weeks of gestation.Results Sequncing analysis revealed the first fetus and his mother presented the same mutation which is specifically associated with SEDC,but the second fetus did not show the mutation of COL2A1 gene.Biparietal diameters of the both fetuses were appropriate for gestational age.Femur length of the second fetus was normal for gestational age but that of the first fetus was shortened evidently after the 23 week of gestation.The parents of the first fetus determined to terminate the pregnancy.A medical termination was carried out at 27+5 weeks of gestation and a male fetus with a relatively large head and short limbs was delivered.The radiological findings of the fetus were consistent with SEDC including generalized platy spondesand shortened long bones.Conclusions Prenatal molecular diagnosis is important for the fetus with risk of SEDC and useful for genetic counseling.Genotype of fetus with risk of SEDC can be identified before sonographic scan.Molecular genetic analysis in conjunction with sonographic monitoring was helpful in prenatal diagnosis of SEDC.

OBJECTIVETo explore the influence of water fluoride exposure on reproductive hormones in female.

METHODSCross-sectional study was conducted in seven villages of a county in Henan province by using simple random sampling including high fluoride area, defluoridation project area and control area on April, 2011 based on the preliminary study results of fluoride concentration in drinking water. Women who were born and growth or lived in the village at least 5 years and aged 18-48 years old were recruited using cluster sampling. They were divided into high fluoride group (HFG, 116 subjects), defluoridation project group (DFPG, 132 subjects) and control group (CG, 227 subjects) in accordance with the above areas. All subjects accepted questionnaire and physical checkup. Fasting blood and morning urine samples were collected. The concentration of fluoride in urine was determined by fluoride ion selective electrode method. The serum level of GnRH was detected using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The serum level of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone (T), estradiol (E2) were determined by chemiluminesence immunoassay (CLIA).

RESULTSThe average age was (39.44 ± 7.34), (38.84 ± 8.03), (37.45 ± 7.70) years old in female from DFPG, HFG and CG respectively, there were no significant differences among the three groups (F = 3.02, P = 0.05). The urine fluoride levels were (1.34 ± 1.07), (2.59 ± 1.57), (0.92 ± 0.46) mg/ml in female from DFPG, HFG and CG respectively, there was a significant difference among three groups (F = 105.38, P < 0.01). No significant differences were observed of serum GnRH, LH, T, FSH and E2 among three groups in follicular phase (P > 0.05). The serum levels of E2 in Ovulatory period were 67.73, 58.09, 84.96 pg/ml in female from DFPG, HFG and CG respectively. It was lower in HFG than that in CG (H = 4.00, P < 0.05). The serum levels of T in Ovulatory period were 0.55, 0.45, 0.55 ng/ml in female from DFPG, HFG and CG respectively. It was lower in HFG than that in DFPG (H = 6.47, P < 0.05), but no significant difference was observed between HFG and CG (H = 2.41, P > 0.05). The serum levels of GnRH in Luteal phase were 24.09, 20.16, 23.50 ng/ml in female from DFPG, HFG and CG respectively. It was lower in HFG than that in DFPG (H = 14.14, P < 0.05) and CG (H = 12.53, P < 0.05). The serum level of E2 in luteal phase were 81.47, 64.60, 74.55 pg/ml in female from DFPG, HFG and CG respectively. It was lower in HFG than that in DFPG (H = 5.69, P < 0.05). As for LH, FSH and T, no significant differences were observed among the three groups (P > 0.05 respectively). The abnormal rates of E2 level were 22.73 (30/102), 37.93 (44/72), 20.26 (46/181) in female from DFPG, HFG and CG respectively. The E2 abnormal rate in female from HFG was higher that from DFPG (χ(2) = 6.82, P < 0.05) and CG (χ(2) = 12.38, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONFluoride exposure may influence reproductive hormones in female, especially in ovulatory and luteal phase of menstrual cycle.

Adult ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Drinking Water ; chemistry ; Environmental Exposure ; adverse effects ; Estradiol ; blood ; Female ; Fluorides ; adverse effects ; urine ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone ; blood ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone ; blood ; Humans ; Luteinizing Hormone ; blood ; Menstrual Cycle ; drug effects ; Middle Aged ; Progesterone ; blood ; Testosterone ; blood

The aim of this study was to investigate the immunological function regulated by Fufang Hongjingtian capsule (HJT) in mice. The mice were given ig HJT 25, 250 and 750 mg/kg, once daily, for 30 - 38 d, respectively. The mice in control group were given ig corresponding solvent. After the last time of administration, the immunological parameters of the mice were measured. The results showed that compared with negative control group, the delayed type hypersensitivity, spleen lymphocyte proliferation and number of spleen IgM antibody forming cells increased in HJT groups. In conclusion the HJT has the effect to improve the immunological functions of mice.
Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Female ; Immunoglobulin M ; immunology ; Lymphocyte Count ; Lymphocytes ; cytology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Rhodiola ; Spleen ; cytology ; immunology

The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of pretreatment with hydrogen sulfide (H2S) on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) senescence and the underlying mechanism. Cultured HUVECs at twelfth and fourth passages were taken as old and young groups, respectively. Sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS, donor of H2S) group was treated with NaHS from fourth to twelfth passage. The cell senescence was determined by senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA β-gal) staining. DAPI fluorescent dye was used to detect cellular apoptosis. Western blot was used to analyze the expression levels of xanthine oxidase (XOD), manganese-superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) and the subunits p67(phox) of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase in the HUVECs. Colorimetric method was used to detect SOD activity and cellular hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) level. The results showed that, compared with young group, the old group exhibited higher SA β-gal positive rate and cellular apoptosis, while NaHS pretreatment decreased SA β-gal positive rate and cellular apoptosis. Compared with the young group, the old group showed increased expression levels of XOD and p67(phox), as well as lower Mn-SOD expression level. With the pretreatment of NaHS, the up-regulations of XOD and p67(phox) levels and down-regulation of Mn-SOD level were inhibited. Compared with the young group, the old group showed lower SOD activity and higher H2O2 level, whereas NaHS pretreatment reversed the changes of SOD activity and H2O2 level. These results suggest that H2S delays senescence of HUVECs through lessening oxidative stress.
Apoptosis ; Cellular Senescence ; drug effects ; Down-Regulation ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; Humans ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; metabolism ; Hydrogen Sulfide ; pharmacology ; Oxidative Stress ; Phosphoproteins ; metabolism ; Superoxide Dismutase ; metabolism ; Xanthine Oxidase ; metabolism ; beta-Galactosidase ; metabolism

AIMTo prepare the sustained-release nitrendipine microspheres with a solid dispersed structure in liquid system.

METHODSThe sustained-release nitrendipine microspheres with a solid dispersed structure was prepared in liquid system by combining spherical crystallization technique and solvent deposition method in one step. The resultant microspheres were evaluated for the recovery, micromeritc properties, incorporation efficiency. The factors of effect on the formation and the release rate of microspheres were also investigated.

RESULTSThe recovery of microspheres (280-900 microns) was more than 70% and the bulk density was around 0.7 kg.L-1. The incorporation efficiency always exceeded 95%. The formation of microspheres was mainly affected by the amount of bridging liquid and the emulsifying agents in poor solvent. The release rate of nitrendipine from the microspheres could be controlled as desired by adjusting the ratio of talc to Eudragit RS PO in the formulation.

CONCLUSIONThe presented method was suitable for preparing sustained-release microspheres of a water insoluble drug.

Delayed-Action Preparations ; Drug Carriers ; Microspheres ; Nitrendipine ; administration & dosage ; Particle Size ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods

OBJECTIVETo investigate the variation in expression of ARHI, STAT3 and E2F1 and the correlation among them during carcinogenesis of ovarian serous carcinoma.

METHODSImmunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of ARHI, STAT3 and E2F1 in samples of 25 normal ovaries, 35 ovarian serous cystadenomas, 18 borderline serous cystadenomas and 56 ovarian serous carcinomas. The variation in expression of the three genes and relationship among them were analyzed.

RESULTSARHI expression was detected in 22 of 25 (88.0%) normal ovaries and 30 of 35 (85.7%) cystadenomas, but only in 10 of 18 (55.6%) borderline serous cystadenomas and 22 of 56 (39.3%) ovarian serous carcinomas, significantly lower than that in the normal ovaries and ovarian serous cystadenomas (P < 0.05). STAT3 expression was found in 14 of 18 (77.8%) borderline serous cystadenomas and 49 of 56 (87.5%) ovarian serous carcinomas, significantly higher than that in the normal ovaries and ovarian serous cystadenomas (P < 0.05). To compare with E2F1 expression in the normal ovaries, serous cystadenomas and borderline serous cystadenomas, E2F1 expression in 46 of 56 (82.1%) ovarian serous carcinomas was significantly higher (P < 0.05). It was found that the expression of ARHI was inversely correlated with that of STAT3 and E2F1.

CONCLUSIONOur findings indicate that ARHI expression is down-regulated, but STAT3 and E2F1 expressions are up-regulated, with an inverse correlation between ARHI and STAT3 in the carcinogenesis of ovarian serous carcinoma.

Adult ; Aged ; Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cystadenoma, Serous ; metabolism ; pathology ; E2F1 Transcription Factor ; metabolism ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Middle Aged ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Ovary ; metabolism ; pathology ; STAT3 Transcription Factor ; metabolism ; rho GTP-Binding Proteins ; metabolism

This study was aimed to explore the expression and significance of DNMT1 gene in bone marrow of patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). The expression of DNMT1 gene was detected by real-time PCR in 30 healthy people and 126 AML patients. The results showed that the expression level of DNMT1 gene was lower in the 30 healthy people and was higher in AML patients. There was a marked decline in the expression level of DNMT1 gene after complete remission (CR) as compared with the initial treatment. The expression level of DNMT1 gene did not correlated with age, sex and the clinical characteristics at initial diagnosis such as white blood cell count and chromosomal karyotype in AML patients. The CR rate in AML patients with low expression level of DNMT1 gene was lower than that in those with high expression level. It is concluded that bone marrow DNMT1 gene level may play an important role in AML pathogenesis and can serve as an index in evaluating AML prognosis.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Bone Marrow ; metabolism ; pathology ; Case-Control Studies ; DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase 1 ; DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Karyotyping ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Young Adult

We report the diagnosis and treatment of two cases of fetal intestinal volvulus. Case 1 presented to Gansu Provincial Maternity and Child-care Hospital due to reduced fetal movements at 33 +4 weeks of gestation. Case 2 was referred to our hospital from a local hospital because of fetal bowel dilatation by ultrasound at 32 +5 weeks. Both cases were found to have fetal bowel dilatation with typical "whirlpool" or "coffee bean" signs on ultrasound after admission. After multidisciplinary consultation and discussion, an emergency cesarean section was performed, during which the two neonates underwent surgical operation and resection of necrotic bowel loops after confirming the diagnosis of volvulus and intestinal necrosis. Case 2 suffered from pulmonary artery thrombosis after the bowel surgery, and underwent pulmonary artery incision and embolectomy within 24 hours. Both newborns recovered well after the operation, whose growth parameters and nervous system development was normal for follow-up.