Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; complications ; Humans ; Kidney Neoplasms ; complications ; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin ; complications ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo study the numbers and locations of spermatic veins, testicular arteries, and lymphatic vessels in the spermatic cord of the varicocele patient under the laparoscope.

METHODSFifty-seven varicocele patients received laparoscopic ligation of spermatic veins, during which we recorded the numbers and observed the locations of spermatic veins, testicular arteries, and spermatic lymphatic vessels.

RESULTSDuring the surgery, we identified 3.3 ± 1.2 spermatic veins, 1.4 ± 0.9 testicular arteries, and 4.3 ± 1.1 spermatic lymphatic vessels. No statistically significant differences were observed between the two side in the numbers of the spermatic veins, testicular arteries and spermatic lymphatic vessels (P > 0.05). The testicular arteries were seen on the exterior of the spermatic veins and winding around them, while the spermatic lymphatic vessels mostly between the veins.

CONCLUSIONThe spermatic veins, testicular arteries, and lymphatic vessels in the spermatic cord of the varicocele patient have their specific anatomic characteristics. Laparoscopic identification of these vessels may contribute to the surgical treatment of varicocele.

Arteries ; anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Ligation ; Male ; Spermatic Cord ; anatomy & histology ; Testis ; Varicocele ; pathology ; Veins ; anatomy & histology

Objective To solve the danger and difficulty in transferring seriously injured victims. Methods The operating principle, construction design, electronic control system and software program flowchart of a robot transfer arm for victim-transfer were introduced.Results and Conclusion The victim didn not have to change their body posture during transfer. The procedure is very simple.A push at only one key is enough,without secondary injury.

OBJECTIVETo examine the reliability and validity of the 66-item version on the gross motor function measure (GMFM-66) to assess the gross motor functions of children below 3 years oldwith cerebral palsy.

METHODS298 valid samples were obtained from 171 children with cerebral palsy (male 126, female 45 with mean age 19 months, age range 3-36 months) measured with GMFM-88. Then a 73-item version of GMFM (GMFM-73) special for these children was obtained by Rasch analysis. Both GMFM-66 and GMFM-73 scores of to each sample were obtained. The reliability and validity of GMFM-66 were evaluated through analyzing the correlation between the scores and between the changed scores of these two GMFM versions. The relative precision of GMFM-73 versus GMFM-66 was also analyzed.

RESULTSSignificant correlations were found between the scores and between the changed scores of these two versions of GMFM. A 14% less gain in relative precision was achieved when using GMFM-73 versus GMFM-66.

CONCLUSIONResults indicated that the GMFM-66 had good reliability and validity in assessing the gross motor functions of children below 3 years old with cerebral palsy.

Cerebral Palsy ; physiopathology ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Motor Skills ; classification ; Reproducibility of Results ; Surveys and Questionnaires

OBJECTIVETo investigate the late results of using posterior restoration and three-column fixation to treat lumbar spondylolisthesis.

METHODSOne hundred and eighty-four patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis were collected from March 1999 to May 2007, they were treated by posterior restoration and fixation with single nail-grooved tail steel plate and fixed with cage (WDFC). Among these cases, 87 cases were fixed with one WDFC, 97 cases were used two WDFCs.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up for 8 to 69 months(averaged 23 months). According to Nakai standard, the results was excellent in 142 cases, good in 34, fair in 8, the excellent and good rates were 95.6%. Seventy-nine vertebraes with I degree spondylolisthesis were reduced after surgery. Eighty-seven vertebraes with II degree spondylolisthesis were reduced except 9 with I degree spondylolisthesis left. Twenty-one with III degree spondylolisthesis were reduced except 5 with I degree spondylolisthesis left; In 2 with IV degree spondylolisthesis, one with I degree spondylolisthesis left and the other with II degree spondylolisthesis left. The follow-up results showed that there was no statistical significance in the height of intervertebral space between preoperation and post-operation, and no recurrence was observed and no single nail-grooved tail steel plate and WDFC were loose or crashed.

CONCLUSIONPosterior restoration and three-column fixation is a positive modus operandi to treat lumbar spondylolisthesis,which can reduce excellently,keep the height of intervertebral space and stabilization of segment, obtain high rate of fusion, and cut down complication.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Bone Plates ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Fusion ; instrumentation ; Spondylolisthesis ; surgery

Objective To study the therapeutic effect of CT-guided puncture for accurate radiofrequency thermocoagulation through the pteroygopalatine fossa approach in the treatment of maxillary neuralgia. Methods From May 2005 to March 2011, 18 patients with maxillary neuralgia underwent CT-guided puncture through the pteroygopalatine fossa approach for accurate radiofrequency thermocoagulation. Axial CT scanning parallel to the middle cranial fossa base was conducted for the patients to define that the puncture needle was within the pteroygopalatine fossa before radiofrequency thermocoagulation being performed at 85℃ for 60 seconds. The thermocoagulation was repeated once until anesthesia covered the innervation area of the superior alveolar nerve. Results Follow-up,ranging from 6 to 22 months (mean,10 months),showed successful puncture in all patients.According to the Heft-Parker' visual analog scale, 15 cases (83.3％) were rated as excellent and 2 as good (11.1％).There were no intraoperative or postoperative major complications in the patients. Conclusions Since CT-guided puncture through the pteroygopalatine fossa approach can safely ensure accurate radiofrequency thermocoagulation for treatment of maxillary neuralgia, it has a high therapeutic efficacy for the patients.It is also a minimally invasive procedure that can be easily and safely performed in clinic.

This study was designed to compare the curative effect, prognosis and safety of different preconditioning regimens for patients who received autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (AHSCT) for malignant lymphoma (ML). The clinical data of 100 ML patients (Sep 1992 to Aug 2010 in 307 Hospital) were retrospectively analyzed, and were divided into two groups by different preconditioning regimens: the high-dose chemotherapy preconditioning group and high-dose chemotherapy/radiotherapy preconditioning group. The overall survival (OS) rate, progress free survival (PFS) rate and adverse effect were analyzed. The results showed that until Feb 2011, the median follow-up was 33.5 months. All patients were engrafted and their hematopoiesis was reconstituted. The median time of WBC recovery up to > 1.0×1.0(9)/L in high-dose chemotherapy preconditioning group and high-dose chemotherapy/radiotherapy preconditioning group were (6.0 ± 0.4) d and (8.2 ± 0.4) d, platelet up to > 20.0×1.0(9)/L in two groups were (7.1 ± 0.8) d and (11.4 ± 2.5) d (P < 0.05). The 3-year OS rate of the two groups were 67.3% and 68.9%. 5-year OS rates of two groups were 62.8% and 60.6%, 10-year OS rates of two groups were 57.6% and 56.2% respectively; 3-year PFS of two group were 63.6% and 63.2%, 5-year of two group were 59.4% and 58.3%, 10-year of two group were 50.8% and 55.3% respectively (P > 0.05). Meanwhile, the incidence of fever, infection, bleeding, secondary cancer between two groups was not significant different (P > 0.05). It is concluded that the hematopoietic reconstitution of high-dose chemotherapy/radiotherapy preconditioning group is later than that of high-dose chemotherapy preconditioning group. However, there is no significant difference in curative effect and prognosis between the two groups.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; surgery ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Transplantation Conditioning ; methods ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the pathological feature of primary hepatic carcinoma and the clinical significance.

METHODSFrom August 2000 to December 2007, there were 89 patients with cirrhosis and carcinoma of liver who accepted whole liver resection. The whole liver was cut into 10 mm slices to examine the tumor size, number, distribution, capsule, satellite nodes, portal vein tumor thrombi (PVTT). The invaded adjacent tissue and lymph nodes were recorded, the distance from satellite to major tumor was measured, then histological examinations were carried out, and the final diagnosis was made by pathologists.

RESULTSThe total of 89 cases included hepatocellular carcinoma in 86 cases and cholangiocarcinoma in 3 cases; 53 cases with multiple tumors and 36 cases with solitary tumor; complete capsule only in 14 cases, no obvious margin in 11 cases, 13 cases had a major tumor in the right lobe and a small tumor in the left lobe; 8 of 25 cases with gross invaded tissue were confirmed by histological examination, 7 of 16 cases with swollen lymph nodes were infiltrated by cancer cells. There were 47 cases with PVTT (47.2%) and 39 cases with satellite nodes (43.8%). PVTT and satellite nodes increased with the increase of sizes and the numbers of the tumors. The distance from satellite node to major tumor mostly were 0.5 - 3.0 cm.

CONCLUSIONSThe whole explanted liver can completely reflect the characteristics of growth and infiltration of hepatic carcinoma. Attention must be paid to the small cancer lesions in another lobe, distal satellite nodes from major tumor, and tumor thrombi in a small branch of portal vein, which can not be found by imaging, and might influence the curative effectiveness after liver resection or transplantation.

Adult ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Hepatectomy ; Humans ; Liver ; pathology ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

Three Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strains recovered from ND outbreaks in chickens and duck flocks in north china during 2009 to 2011 were completely sequenced and biologically characterized. All the strains were velogenic and had the velogenic motif 112R-R-Q-K-R-F117 which was consistent with the results of biological tests. Analysis of the variable region (nucleotide 47 to 420) of the F gene indicated that the three isolates belonged to genotype VII d. Cross hemagglutination inhibition test indicated that the antigen homology between three isolates and LaSota were 82.5%-89.4%, the homology between the two isolates from chicken was 90%. A cross-protection experiment in which specific-pathogen-free chickens vaccinated with LaSota were challenged by SDLY01 isolate showed that LaSota vaccine could provide complete protection against SDLY01, however virus discharge could be detected on fifth day. Challenge experiment in which Cherry Valley duck of 30 day old challenged with SD03 strain indicated that cherry valley duck had no disease in experiment period, but virus discharge could be detected from Larynx and cloaca until fifth day. Genome length of three NDV isolates was 15192bp and belonged to genotype VII d. Sequence analysis clarified that the whole genomic sequence of these three isolates shared high homology with NDV virus strains isolated from goose and duck over the same period, which elucidated that NDV isolated from goose, duck or chicken had close genetics and epidemiological relationship.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Bird Diseases ; virology ; Chickens ; Columbidae ; Ducks ; Geese ; Genome, Viral ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Newcastle Disease ; virology ; Newcastle disease virus ; chemistry ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Phylogeny ; Sequence Alignment ; Viral Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo identify prognostic factors in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST).

METHODSHematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained histopathological slides of tumors from patients with mesenchymal neoplasms growing in the gastrointestinal tract and abdomen were reviewed. Two histologically representative areas were identified and chosen for tissue microarray. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to demonstrate c-kit protein (CD117), CD34, smooth muscle actin, desmin and S-100 protein. The relations of various clinicopathologic features to outcome were analyzed.

RESULTSThe overall disease-specific survival of 194 patients was 93.5% at 1 year, 72.1% at 3 years and 63.2% at 5 years. Univariate analysis indicated that the tumor size, mitotic count, primary location, necrosis, high cellularity, mucosal invasion, mixed cell type, hemorrhage, direct tumor invasion of surrounding tissue, male sex, incompleteness of resection, cytologic atypia were significant predictors of survival. Multivariate analysis showed that tumor size, mitotic count, necrosis, direct tumor invasion of surrounding tissue and male sex were poor prognostic signs.

CONCLUSIONTumor size and mitotic count are important prognostic factors. However, to evaluate the prognosis of these tumors, a surgical pathologist should incorporate multiple parameters into their histologic evaluation in attempt to reach an appropriate opinion on the aggressiveness of GIST.

Aged ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; diagnosis ; mortality ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Prognosis ; Survival Rate