BACKGROUND: Preparing the tracheal prosthesis by biomaterials is crucial for studying the implant of long tracheal defect.The biocompatibility and biodegradability of collagen/hydroxyapatite (Col/HAp) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) in vivo, as a artificial material for tracheal prosthesis, need to be observed.OBJECTIVE: To explore in vivo biodegradability of Col/HAp and PLGA of tracheal prosthesis in rats.DESIGN: Randomized controlling observation.SETTING: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Clinical College of Yangzhou University; Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Changzheng Hospital of the Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA.MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out in the National Experimental Animal Center of the Second Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from March 2003 to December 2004. Sixteen SD rats of either gender were offered by this center, aged three months and weighed 150-170 g. Col/HAp and PLGA (the copolymer of polylactic acid and polyglycolic acid according to the percent of 90:10) were self-made.METHODS: ①Empirical process: Rats were fed adaptively for 1 week and anesthetized. Then undermining dissection was performed along with musculi dorsal surface toward spine bilaterally, so as to form two capsular gaps, which were implanted with Col/HAp sponge and PLGA fiber mesh cloth respectively, in a size of 10 mm ×10 mm. ②Empirical evaluation: The postoperative activity, incision healing and rejection of rats were observed; 2, 4, 6, 8 weeks postoperatively, the Col/HAp sponge and PLGA mat that were embedded subcutaneously as well as surrounding tissues were determined using scanning electron microscope or transmission electron microscope.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: In vivo biodegradability of two materials implanted in rats at different time points.RESULTS: ①All the animals could carry out normal activity, respiration and diet; no incision infection, fluidity, necrosis or sinus tract appeared; there was no edema in the skins of implanted area, neither hypersensitiveness nor toxicity was found; the implant materials had no rejection. ②The features of the implanted materials varied throughout the implantation. During the follow-up, the infiltration of inflammatory cells was found in the interface between the implants and neighboring host tissues in the early stage, phagocytes and fibroblastic cells were also observed later. As the process went on, the materials were biodegraded gradually, encapsulated by phagocytes, and replaced by newly generated fibrous tissues. No remarkable harmful influences of the composite materials on the neighboring host tissues such as apomorphosis, necrosis, hyperplasia and foreign body reaction were observed grossly and microscopically.CONCLUSION: All the implants show a good biocompatibility and biodegradability. Both Col/HAp and PLGA go through a gradual process of biodegradability, biological absorption and replacement by host tissues ultimately in vivo, which suggest that these two kinds of composite biomaterials will be used safely in developing tracheal prosthesis.

Objective To explore the changes of urinary deoxypyridinoline and its clinical significance in bedridden fracture-patients with long-term treatment. Methods Thirty-seven bedridden fracture-patients with long-term treatment(22 males and 15 females) and thirty healthy subjects(15 males and 15 females) were selected for analyzing the levels of serum calcium(Ca), phosphate(P), total serum alkaline phosphatase(AKP),urinary calcium/creatinine ratio(Ca/Cr) and urinary deoxypyridinoline(DPD). Results The concentration of serum calcium and phosphate in the patients was significantly lower than that in the healthy subjects (P

In order to study the treatment of the children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the integrated visual and auditory continuous performance test (IVA-CPT) was clinically applied to evaluate the effectiveness of electroencephalogram (EEG) biofeedback training. Of all the 60 children with ADHD aged more than 6 years, the effective rate of EEG biofeedback training was 91.6% after 40 sessions of EEG biofeedback training. Before and after treatment by EEG biofeedback training, the overall indexes of IVA were significantly improved among predominately inattentive, hyperactive, and combined subtype of children with ADHD (P<0.001). It was suggested that EEG biofeedback training was an effective and vital treatment on children with ADHD.
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/physiopathology ; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/*therapy ; Biofeedback (Psychology) ; Brain/*physiopathology ; Electroencephalography

Anastomosis, Surgical ; adverse effects ; Brachiocephalic Trunk ; pathology ; Hemorrhage ; etiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Larynx ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; Trachea ; surgery ; Tracheal Stenosis ; etiology ; surgery ; Tracheotomy ; adverse effects

Objective: To probe and reveal the brain tomic and the wise sharpening action of Fuyuanbunao Granules and Its toxicity and side effect. Methods: The effects of Fuyuanbunao Granules on the memory acquisition disturbance induced by pentobarbital sodium or anisodine, the memory consolidation disturbance induced by sodium nitrite, and the memory repetition disturbance induced by alcohol were observed. Meanwhile, the acute toxicity test was done. Results: The granules could obriously improve the memory disturbance induced by the factors obove, and the improvement effect varied with the dose. The effects of larger dose groups were more obvious. There were no death of animals or toxicity and sile effect in test. Conclusion:Fuyuanbunao Granules maybe have the cholinergic acction. It can promote the aerobic metabolism, improve the cerebral anoxia and the inhibited state of center nervous system. It has low toxicity and can be used in clinical application.

Objective To summary MRI findings and its diagnostic value of Balo's concentric sclerosis .Methods Brain MRI images of 4 cases with Balo's concentric sclerosis were studied with review of the literature in 13 cases.Results MRI showed multiple ring-like lesions within brains in 16 patients and single lesion only in 1.The deep white matters of cerebrum were involved in all patients.The cerebellum and brain stem were invaded in 2 and 4 respectively. Typical concentric sclerosis lesions demonstrated alternate middle and low signal rings on T1WI, middle and high on T2WI. The ring-like lesions were best seen on T1WI. The middle signal rings were enhanced on post-contrast images.The typical multiple sclerosis lesions were seen in 7 patients. Conclusion Balo's concentric sclerosis has characteristic findings on MRI.MRI is a very reliable diagnostic methed for this disease.

This paper sampled 79 TCM hospitals above county level in Jiangsu Province for research.With hospital ownership,board governance and hospital directors as three dimension of internal governance structure,the multiple regression model was used to investigate the impact of such structure on its social responsibility performance.Education level,number of hospital directors,and their values are found to be significant factors on their social responsibility performance.

Summary: In order to study the treatment of the children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the integrated visual and auditory continuous performance test (IVA-CPT) was clinically applied to evaluate the effectiveness of electroencephalogram (EEG) biofeedback training. Of all the 60 children with ADHD aged more than 6 years, the effective rate of EEG biofeedback training was 91.6 % after 40 sessions of EEG biofeedback training. Before and after treatment by EEG biofeedback training, the overall indexes of IVA were significantly improved among predominately inattentive, hyperactive, and combined subtype of children with ADHD (P<0.001). It was suggested that EEG biofeedback training was an effective and vital treatment on children with ADHD.

Objective To construct the eukaryotic expression vector harboring the fragment of Alia gene, and to investigate the effects of it on the signal of quorum sensing and virulence factors producted by Pseudomonas aeruginosa(Pa). Methods The plasmid pET-AiiA was cutted by Nhe Ⅰ and Xho Ⅰ , then the AiiA fragment was cloned into eukaryotic expression vector pEGFP-N2. After the plasmid was transfected into A549 cells, the protein was extracted and AiiA protein was found in it by Western blot. After the extrac- tion was admixed into the LB broth, from culture supernatant extracts of Pa, the N-acylhomoserine lactone (AHL) was detected by bioassay, and the expression of pyocyanin and elastase were assayed by RT-PCR and optical density. Results The fragment of AiiA gene was cutted and then cloned into pEGFP-N2. AiiA protein was found in the transfected cells. After admixed with the extract harboring AiiA protein, in Pa medium, the AHL was hydrolyzed, and the expression of pyocyanin and elastase were reduced. Conclusion The virulence factors synthesized by Pa were reduced by the AiiA protein expressed in eukaryotic cell.

AIM:To clone the SPA gene promoter and construct its luciferase report vector of SPA gene and to study its transcriptional targeting activity.METHODS:① The SPA gene sequence was acquired from GenBank,of which the upstream was analyzed according to bioinformatics.The results showed that the upstream region of SPA gene sequence about 163bp has the function of promoter.② The SPA gene promoter fragment was generated by polymerase chain reaction and then subcloned into the multiple clone site(MCS)of luciferase report gene vector pGL3-basic to generate the recombined plasmid pGL3-SPA.This fragment was also subcloned into pGL3-control to generate recombined plasmid pGL3-SPA-enhancer by replacing its primary SV40 promoter.③ pGL3-SPA,pGL3-SPA-enhancer,pGL3-control,pGL3-basic were cotransfected with pRL-TK into A549 cells and H441 cells.The luciferase activities were measured by dual luciferase reportor(DLR)system.RESULTS:Sequencing and restricted digestive results showed that SPA gene promoter was successfully cloned and identified,and also correctly subcloned into plasmid pGL3-basic and pGL3-control to construct its luciferase report plasmid pGL3-SPA and pGL3-SPA-enhancer,respectively.The transcriptional activity was high in H441 cells.CONCLUSION:The luciferase report system of SPA gene promoter is successfully constructed with high transcriptional activity.