RNA interference is a very important mechanism for the regulation of gene expression, participates in defense against viral infections, and keeps jumping genes under control. RNA interference has been taken as a powerful "gene silence" method widely used in basic science to study the function of genes, and it may lead to novel therapies in the future.

Objective To study the expression and effect of hepatocyte mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidase subunitsⅠ (COXⅠ) gene in rat nonalcoholic fatty liver model. Methods Forty Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group and high-fat diet group, and the high-fat diet group was subsequently divided into 4 subgroups (2, 4, 8 and 12 week) with 8 rats in each. Cytochrome c oxidase activity was determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometer. Meanwhile,the expression of hepatocyte COXⅠ antigen in rat nonalcoholic steatosis model induced by high fat diet were detected by Western blotting. Mitochondrial DNA COXⅠ mRNA were assayed by reversetranscription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR). Results The levels of activity in nonalcoholic steatosis rats induced by high fat diet at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks were (0.88?0.32), (0.76?0.37), (0.48?0.26), (0.39?0.21) nmol?mg~ -1 ?min~ -1 , respectively, significantly lower than (0.98?0.37) nmol?mg~ -1 ?min~ -1 in control group (P

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of entecavir in lamivudine-refractory patients with chronic hepatitis B.Methods Literature from Medline,Embase and CBM between January 2001 to December 2008 were reviewed.Acccording to the including and excwding criteria,four randomized controlled trials (RCT) were enrolled.The results of the trials were reviewed and analysed in software Revman 4.2.Results Patients in the entecavir group enjoyed significantly higher negative conversion ratios of HBV-DNA and ALT,and positive seroconversion of HBeAg:RR were 13.90(95% CI 6.39～30.24,P＜0.00001),2.49(95% CI 1.40～4.45,P=0.002),and 3.53 (95% CI 2.85～4.38,P＜0.000 01) respectively.There was a trend for the improvement of negative conversion ratio of HBeAg (RR=2.27,95% CI 1.00～5.15,P=0.05),but the incidence of side-effects of the drugs has no difference (RR=1.05,95% CI 0.97～1.14,P=0.21).Conclusions Compared with lamivudine or placebo,entecavir can significantly decrease HBV-DNA,improve liver function and positive seroconversion ratio of HBeAg without raising the incidence of drug side-effects.

Objective To discuss the application of visualization software of CiteSpaceⅢ to the treatment and research of transfusion medicine.Methods The software of CiteSpaceⅢ and the function of the reference database ISI Web of Science itself were used to the study.Results In the past 16 years,paper quantity and cited frequency on transfusion medicine re-search had the wave-like increasing tendency year by year.The research forces of the field were mainly distributed in Europe and the United States,the research hot spot and frontier around the blood safety,change over time in a dynamic develop-ment.Conclusion The study reveals the progress and development tendency of transfusion medicine,which could provide ef-fective reference for related research.

Air ; Animals ; Diving ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism ; Spleen ; metabolism

Animals ; Binding Sites ; drug effects ; Brain ; metabolism ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Cerebral Cortex ; metabolism ; Cyclic AMP ; metabolism ; Hippocampus ; metabolism ; Insecticides ; toxicity ; Male ; Organothiophosphorus Compounds ; toxicity ; Phosphoramides ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To report the treatment of 7 cases of carpal tunnel syndrome(CTS)with algesia.Methods One hundred and twenty eight cases of carpal tunnel syndrome within the period of March 2002 and March 2005 were retrospectively analyzed.There were 7 cases(4 female and 3 male)had algesia,4 cases were treated with endoscopic management of carpal tunnel release (ECTR) and 3 cases were treated with open management of carpal tunnel release(OCTR).These 7 cases were followed-up 1-4years(average 1.5 years)postoperatively.Results Two ECTR cases and 2 OCTR cases had bad therapeutic effect and the others had good effect.Both 2 bad-effect ECTR cases feel special pain when insert the catheter.Only inject Triamcinolone Acetonide-A within epineurium after completely release in the goodeffect OCTR ease.Conclusion CTS with algesia is a special type of CTS,the key to treat it is to protect epineurium.

Endocardial Cushion Defects ; complications ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Lung ; abnormalities ; Lung Diseases ; complications ; congenital

Adolescent ; Adult ; Endoscopy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mental Disorders ; complications ; surgery ; Nose Diseases ; complications ; surgery ; Young Adult

Background Excimer laser corneal refractive surgery is one of the major methods to correct refractive error.Centration of the ablation zone is an important factor that affects visual quality after surgery.The pupil center and its shift is a major factor to determine the ablation center.Therefore further study on pupil centroid shift with illumination level alteration is needed.Objective This study aimed to study the characteristics of the pupillary centroid shift along with the change of pupil size under the different illumination conditions and the possible clinical application of the curve of pupillary centroid shift in exeimer laser corneal refractive surgery.MethodsThe variation of pupil size induced by illumination and the changes of pupil center were measured on 114 moderate myopia eyes of 57 subjects with Astra MaxTM Corneal Topographer.Illumination of placido target and image snap model of the topographer was customized to provide 5 illumination levels as follows:0.8,4.4,18.9,82.3,355.0 Lx.Vectorial analysis was used to graph the change of pupil center related to the Coaxially Sighted Corneal Reflex (CSCR).Raw data is converted to relative value to analyze the pupiilary centroid shift.The mean relative change of the pupil size(△P)and the mean of relative pupillary centroid shift(△C)in the form of percentage were used to attenuate the variation among subjects.The original value of illumination(darkest)is defined as 0％ and maximum value(lightest)was as 100％.Results With the increase of illumination,the shift of the pupil center towards nasal side when pupil constrict was found.The mean change of pupil size under the 5 illumination levels were 0,(1.28 +0.40)mm,(2.34 ±0.53)mm,(3.34+0.54)mm,(4.03 ±0.56)mm respectively,and the △P values was 0％,32％,58％,83％,100％ respectively.The mean of pupil centroid shift under the 5 illumination levels were 0,(78±33)μm,(116±60)μm,(143 ±66)μm,(170±71)μm respectively,and the △C was 0％,46％,68％,84％,100％respectively.There was a linear relation between the relative pupil centroid shift and the relative change of pupil size (r=0.980,P=0.025).The amount of pupil centroid shift has a positive correlation with amplitude of the change of pupil size(r=0.480,P＜0.01).Conclusion Pupil center shifts with the change of pupil size.The linear relation between relative pupil centroid shift and the relative change of pupil size can be applied in eximer laser corneal refractive surgery to improve the visual quality with customized ablation center location.