In the basis of a large amount of literatures, this article sumed up the characteristics and application of eggshell membrane.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of cyclosporine A (CsA), a powerful inhibitor of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP), on pneumocyte apoptosis, the release of cytochrome C and the activity of caspase-3 after lung ischemia/reperfusion, and explore the mechanisms.

METHODSSingle lung in situ ischemia/reperfusion animal model was used. 30 SD rats were randomly divided into three groups (n = 10): sham (S) group, ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) group and cyclosporine A (CsA) group. Apoptosis of pneumocyte was assessed by TUNEL method, cytochrome C (CytC) in cytoplasm was detected by immunohistochemistry techniques, and the activity of caspase-3 was measured with spectrophotometer.

RESULTSThe content of CytC in cytoplasm, the activity of caspase-3, and the value of apoptosis index (AI) in ischemia/reperfusion group were evidently higher than that in S group (P < 0.01). CsA suppressed apoptosis as well as CytC release and caspase-3 activity (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONCsA can prevent the release of cytochrome C, block the apoptosis of pneumocyte accordingly maybe by closing the MPTP.

Alveolar Epithelial Cells ; cytology ; drug effects ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Cyclosporine ; pharmacology ; Cytochromes c ; metabolism ; Lung ; blood supply ; pathology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion Injury ; metabolism ; pathology

AIMTo explore the effect of ligustrazine injection on the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in rabbits with pulmonary ischemia/reperfusion injury after.

METHODSSingle lung ischemia/reperfusion injury animal model was used in vivo. Twenty rabbits were randomly divided into two groups( n = 10, in each), pulmonary ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/R) group and I/R + ligustrazine injection (LGT) group. The tissue slides were stained by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH) for HO-1 to detect the expression of HO-1 in lung and to analyze the absorbance, wet to dry ratio of lung tissue weight (W/D) and the injured alveoli rate (IAR) were measured at 180 minutes after lung reperfusion. Meanwhile the lung tissue slide was prepared for electron microscopic observation at 180 minutes after reperfusion.

RESULTSHO-1 expression was upregulated in two groups in the pulmonary endothelial cells, part of pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cells, extima of vessels and epithelial cells of airway, the absorbance was 0.168 +/- 0.016 (0.148 +/- 0.013), 0.186 +/- 0.014 (0.158 +/- 0.012) respectively.The LGTI group showed higher absorbance than those of the I/R group (P < 0.01), lower W/D and IAR values than those of the I/R group (P < 0.01) significantly and lighter abnormal changes of the lung tissue in morphology than those of the I/R group.

CONCLUSIONLigustrazine injection possesses notable protective effects on I/R in rabbits by increasing the expression of HO-1 in lung.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Heme Oxygenase-1 ; metabolism ; Lung ; blood supply ; metabolism ; Pyrazines ; pharmacology ; Rabbits ; Reperfusion Injury ; metabolism

Objective To explore a better method for treatment atrophic rhinitis.Methods 56 patients with atrophic rhinitis(96 lateral)were treated by nasal submucou pediculated bone-suberiosteal muscle flap extracted from anterior wall of sinus maxillaries.Results All patients were followed 2 to 10 years,total effective rate was 100 %, with 49 cases(87.5 %)showing prominent effect.Conclusion The grafted flap cannot be assimilated,felled off and necrosis,because the flap has rich blood supply.This methods has obvious short-term effective and stable long-term effective.No complications were found.

OBJECTIVETo explore the quality of the embryos, clinical outcomes and birth defects resulting from intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatment using sperms of different origins and parameters.

METHODSA total of 980 ICSI-ET (embryo-transfer) cycles were divided into 4 groups, namely normal sperm or mild oligozoospermia group (group A), severe oligozoospermia group (group B), epididymal aspirates group (group C) and testicular biopsies group (group D). The cleavage rate, embryo quality, fertilization rate, clinical pregnancy rate, and rates of birth defects were compared between the groups.

RESULTSThe fertilization rate, cleavage rate and good-quality embryo rate were not significantly different among the 4 groups (P>0.05), and the embryo implantation rate and clinical pregnancy rate were significantly higher in group C than in groups A and B (P<0.05). Groups A, B and C showed no significant differences in the rates of birth defects (P>0.05), and no birth defects occurred in group D.

CONCLUSIONSSperms of different parameters and origins used in ICSI treatment can achieve similar fertilization rate, good-quality embryo rate and delivery rate. The embryo implantation rate and clinical pregnancy rate of epididymal sperm group are higher than those of ejaculated groups, possibly due to the younger age of the patients and a greater number of oocytes retrieved in group C than in groups A and B.

Congenital Abnormalities ; etiology ; Female ; Fertilization ; Humans ; Male ; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic ; adverse effects ; Spermatozoa ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of hepatitis B virus X gene and p53 on hepatocellular growth.

METHODSTwo kinds of plasmids containing sense and antisense human wild p53 gene respectively were constructed. SMMU-7721 cells were transfected with HBx, sense-wtp53 antisense-wtp53 separately or cotransfected with either HBx and sense-wtp53 or HBx and antisense-wtp53. Flow cytometry was adopted to measure the apoptosis rates and the effects of HBx on cell cycle progression. The activity of p21(Waf1) promoter-luciferase construct was detected. Growth curves for SMMU-7721 stably transfected with pcDNA3 and pcDNA3HBx were analyzed.

RESULTSAfter doxorubicin administration, HBx was noticed able to initiate apoptosis of the liver cells. The apoptosis rate was 5.32% in the pcDNA3 transfected and 12.66% in the pcDNA3HBx transfected groups respectively. HBx could also abrogate p53-mediated apoptosis. The apoptosis rate in groups transfected with pcDNA3, pcDNA3wtp53 and pcDNA3HBx + pcDNA3wtp53 was 5.32%, 11.72% and 4.67% respectively. In compared with the normal group, the number of cells in transiently HBx-expressed group and HBx-transfected group decreased 4.79% and 10.25% respectively. HBx inhibited the activity of p21(Waf1) promoter-luciferase constructed (P < 0.05) and promoted cell growth. The growth rate of HBx expression cells was faster.

CONCLUSIONUnder DNA damage, HBx reduced expression of p21(Waf1) by repressing the activity of p53 protein, followed by disturbing the regulation of G(0)-G(1) cell cycle checkpoint, and promoted the growth rate of hepatoma cells.

Apoptosis ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; pathology ; virology ; Cell Division ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Genes, p53 ; Hepatitis B Antigens ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Hepatitis B virus ; genetics ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; virology ; Trans-Activators ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Transfection ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; biosynthesis ; genetics

Adult ; Biopsy ; Cryptococcosis ; complications ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Transplantation ; adverse effects ; Skin ; pathology ; Skin Diseases ; etiology ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo investigate whether gender is an independent predictor of in-hospital death in hospitalized patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

METHODSThis retrospective study compared baseline characteristics, therapeutic approaches and the occurrence rate of angina pectoris, reinfarction, heart failure and death during hospitalization between 1501 male and 635 female hospitalized patients with AMI. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors predicting in-hospital death.

RESULTSIn-hospital death rate was significantly higher in female than male patients with AMI (11.7% vs. 6.3%, P < 0.01). Female patients with AMI were significantly older than male patients [(67.8 +/- 9.2) years vs. (61.1 +/- 11.9) years, P < 0.01] had a higher incidence of hypertension (52.1% vs. 41.1%, P < 0.01), diabetes mellitus (35.4% vs. 17.3%, P < 0.01), cardiac function > or = Killip class III (11.7% vs. 5.1%, P < 0.01) and TC > 4.68 mmol/L (71.3% vs. 55.0%, P < 0.01). Cigarette smoking, however, was more common in males than in females (69.4% vs. 15.7%, P < 0.01). Reperfusion therapy within the first 24 hours after symptom onset, beta-blockers and statins use during hospitalization were significantly fewer in females compared with males (22.2% vs. 31.5%, P < 0.01; 64.6% vs. 71.2%, P = 0.003; 43.1% vs. 48.0%, P = 0.041, respectively). An increased mortality was demonstrated in females during the hospitalization phase of AMI (11.7% vs. 6.3%, P < 0.01). The results of logistic regression demonstrated that age, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, Killip classification of cardiac function, administration of reperfusion therapy and beta receptor blockers use were significant predictors of in-hospital death in patients with AMI, with odds ratios being 1.06 (95% CI: 1.04 - 1.08), 1.96 (95% CI: 1.32 - 2.90), 1.80 (95% CI: 1.25 - 2.58), 2.86 (95% CI: 2.35 - 3.48), 0.44 (95% CI: 0.30 - 0.66) and 0.51 (95% CI: 0.36 - 0.74), respectively.

CONCLUSIONSThe in-hospital mortality of females is significantly higher than that of males in this patient cohort. Older age, higher risk factor rates, less reperfusion therapy and beta-blockers use contributed to the higher in-hospital mortality in female patients with AMI compared to males.

Aged ; Female ; Hospital Mortality ; Humans ; Inpatients ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; diagnosis ; mortality ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Sex Factors

OBJECTIVETo set up the drug lymphocyte stimulation test (DLST), as a diagnosis means for DILI which was immunity idiosyncrasy, improve the Diagnosis, level of DILI.

METHODFor the 59 patients who diagnosed as DILI, we separated their PBMC, exploring to the suspicious drug which caused DILI, then use the methods 3H-TdR to test, according to the mixed degree to clear the PBMC count which specific activated by drug.We also set up drug group, negative control and Positive control at the same time. Preliminary experiments was including the best dose of PHA and the best concentration of the drug. We set up 40 healthy group in our experiments as a control, and explore them on the same drug every time. We test the two groups at the same time. We handled the results use t-test.

RESULTSThe methods 3H-TdR could be exactly reflect the PBMC's proliferation degree nearly the same when they were be stimulation by PHA or the sensitive drug. When the DILI patients were explore to the suspicious drug, their stimulation index (SI) Obviously higher than 1.8. Form this test, there were 28 in 59 patients of DILI's group were positive (47.46%), SI was from 1.9 to 43.08, the average was 22.49, the healthy group SI was lower than 1.8, the SI of DILI's group was significantly higher than healthy group (5.78+/-0.75/1.16+/-0.25, P less than 0.05). Our test suggested DLST has Higher specificity (94.92%) and sensitivity (47.46%).

CONCLUSIONDLST was significance for the patients who diagnosed as immunity idiosyncrasy's DILI, it's reflected these patients' Proliferation of PBMC when explored to the suspicious drug for the second time.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the opportune time of secondary definitive surgery for patients with multiple injuries from earthquakes based on the acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II) score and the principles of damage control.

METHODSTwenty-one patients with critical earthquake injuries were treated with damage control strategies, followed by medical support and surgical intervention to restore their physical potential in the intensive care unit (ICU). Successive APACHE II scoring was adopted to evaluate the patients'physiological status, and then, internal fixation of fractures and other definitive operations were performed.

RESULTSAll the patients were effectively treated with few complications, low deformity rate and no death.

CONCLUSIONSAppropriate evaluation of patients?physiological potential, right decision on surgical time and proper operative method can reduce the rates of complications, disability and death for patients with critical earthquake injuries.

APACHE ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Child ; China ; Disasters ; Earthquakes ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Trauma ; surgery