Breast cancer is a systemic disease, only through multidisciplinary treatment including surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, endocrine, can we enhance its effectiveness. In recent years, neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer has aroused great interest in tumor academia. We hope that this therapy can not only improve breast conservation rate, but also extend the overall survival through a series of clinical studies. This review presents the research progress of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Clinical Laboratory Techniques ; DNA, Fungal ; genetics ; Evidence-Based Medicine ; Fungi ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Infant ; Mycological Typing Techniques ; Mycoses ; diagnosis ; microbiology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Serologic Tests ; Specimen Handling

[Objective]To investigate the diagnosis,surgical procedure and clinical effect for the subdural extramedullary tumor. [Methods]Forty-five patients (28 males and 17 females,age ranged from 24-71 years with an average of 45 years ) were treated with tumour extirpation. MRI showed subdural extramedullary tumor before surgery. The spine was exposed through a standard posterior approach,and the dura matter was opened after lamninectomy. The tumor was separated and removed from the dura matter. Pedicle screw fixation was performed to restore the stability of spine. [Results]The patients were followed up from 6 to 42 months with an average of 26.2 months. The postoperative recovery of neurological function was measured with Otani scores. The clinical result was excellent in 11 patients,good in 18 and fair in 12,resulting in 64.44% of good to excellent rate. The good to excellent rate had an advantage in patients (84.62%) operated on within one month after first visit over that of patients (64.29%) who had a misdiagnosis for 1~6 months and the patients (50.00%) for more than 6 months.[Conclusion]Removal is the method of choice for patients with subdural extramedullary tumor. Early diagnosis and removal are key factors to get a good clinical effect.

Total lignans in the stems and roots of 8 species of Kadsura were determined by colourimetric method. The recoveries of interiorin, reference compound added to K. heteroclitaand K. interior were 96.7% and 97.9% respectively. Total lignans contents of kadsura medi.cinal plants vary with species, medicinal parts and sex. Higher lignans contents were foundin the root and the female plants. The highest and the lowest were 4.926% in the root of K.lancilim6a and 0.34% in the stems of K. angustifolia respectively.

Objective To explore the relationship between thoracolumbar disc herniation (TLDH) and Scheuermann1's disease (SD),as well as the role of SD in the etiology of TLDH.Methods From June 2006 to June 2010,45 patients with TLDH (T10-11-L2-3) underwent surgery in our department.Forty-five patients with lower lumbar disc herniation (LDH,L3-4-L5S1) acted as controls.The incidence of SD and Scheuermann's signs of these patients were examined by reviewing CT,MRI and Ⅹ-ray films.The thoracolumbar kyphotic angles of the two groups were compared.Furthermore,in TLDH group,the incidence of disk herniation within segments with the Scheuermann's signs was compared to that within segments without Scheuermann's signs.Results All except one patient in TLDH group(97.8%) had been associated SD while the incidence of SD in LDH group was only 26.7%.The incidence of all Scheuennann's signs was higher in TLDH group than that in LDH group.The average thoracolumbar kyphotic angle of TLDH group was 15.8°±6.9° while that of LDH group was 4.8°±4.0°.In TLDH group,the incidence of disc herniation within segments with Scheuermann's signs was all higher than that within segments without Scheuermann's signs.Conclusion There is a close relationship between TLDH and SD,suggesting that TLDH is probably a manifestation of SD.Schmorl's node,irregular end plate,wedge-shaped vertebra and especially,posterior bony edge separation,are associated with disc herniation.

Co2EDTA-DMAP.HCl.

Objective: To investigate the expression of platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGF-R) in periapical granuloma.Methods:Immunohistochemical staining was conducted on prepared specimens of 15 cases of human periapical granuloma. Results:The expression of PDGF receptor ? was detected in fibroblasts,capillary endothelial cells,plasmacytes and macrophage cells in all the 15 cases of human periapical granuloma.Conclusion:These results suggested that these cells are the target cells of PDGF, and PDGF may play an important role in the lesion.

Objective·To investigate the clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis of adult rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS).Methods·The clinical and pathological data,immunohistochemical test results of 9 RMS were analyzed retrospectively.Results·The information of 6 males and 3 females were collected in this research,whose average age was (46.89+20.09) years old.The tumors had a wide range distribution.The subtypes of histology included 6 cases of embryonal RMS,1 case of alveolar RMS,1 case of spindle cell RMS and 1 case of pleomorphic RMS.Immunohistochemically study showed that 6 cases were myogenin positive,4 cases were MyoDl positive and 8 cases were desmin positive.During the follow-up period of the 7 cases,only 2 patients survived free of tumors,2 patients presented with tumor recurrence and metastasis after the operations,and 3 patients died of tumor.Conclusion·In this study,embryonaI RMS is the most common type,and immunohistochemistry test is helpful to diagnosis of RMS.

Objective To determine the in vitro effects of the traditional Chinese medicines, berberine, matrine and baicalin, on the proliferation and lipid synthesis of human immortalized sebocyte SZ95, and to investigate their possible mechanisms of action on sebaceous glands at the cellular level. Methods Inverted microscopy was used to observe cell morphology and determine toxic concentrations of the compounds. The MTT method was adopted to examine the effects of different concentrations of berberine, matrine and baicalin on SZ95 cell proliferation after 24 h, 48 h and 72 h of incubation. Lipid contents in the SZ95 cells were labeled with Nile red and analyzed by flow cytometry. Results The toxic concentrations were 1?10-3 mol/L, 1?10-4 mol/L, 1?10-3 mol/L for baicalin, berberine and matrine, respectively. Berberine reduced sebocyte proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner, with an inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) of 2.9?10-5 mol/L and 1.4?10-5 mol/L after 48 h and 72 h of incubation, respectively. When the concentration of matrine was 0.05). Lipogenesis of SZ95 cells showed a 26.9% increase with 1?10-3 mol/L matrine. Conclusions Our results indicate that berberine and baicalin can inhibit proliferation and lipid synthesis of SZ95 sebocytes in vitro, which suggests a possible clinical role in treating acne.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; radiotherapy ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; Humans