ObjectiveTo investigate the influence of transverse and longitudinal lower segment caesarean section on the outcome of newborn, postpartum haemorrhage and ratio of complications in placenta previa. MethodsPlacenta previa with lower segment transverse caesarean section( 117 cases) were taken as control group, meanwhile, the lower segment with longitudinal section (142 cases ) as experimental group. Their operational complications, amount of bleeding during and after operation and outcome of the perinatal period were analysed.Results No significant difference in age, parities, gestational weeks, the types of the placenta praevia and the locus of placenta between the two groups were found( P>0.05), while there were significant difference in the amount of bleeding during and after operation, the need of using gauze ribbon to stop bleeding, section splitting and rate of hysterectomy after caesarean section(P<0.01). ConelusionLower segment longitudinal caesarean section in placenta praevia not only shows less bleeding during operation and lower rate of postpartum haemorrhage, but also avoids using gauzes to stop bleeding and causes lower rate of hysterectomy after caesarean section, so it can be the first choice when determining the style of section in placenta praevia.

Objective To investigate the role of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK1/2) signaling pathway in enterovims 71 (EV71) infection.Methods The effects of different concentrations of SP600125 on the activity of human rhabdosarcoma (RD) cells were detected by trypanbalu staining.The levels of VP1 mRNA and protein in EV71-infected RD cells were detected by real time Q-PCR and western blot,respectively.The levels of total and phosphorylated JNK1/2,c-Fos and c-Jun protein were determined by western blot.Last,the effects of.JNK1/2 inhibitor SP600125 on EV71 replication and JNK1/2 signaling pathway were analyzed.Results The results of trypanbalu staining showed that 5 and 10 μmol/L of SP600125 didn't influence on the activity of RD cells (P ＞ 0.05),while 20 μmol/L of SP600125 decreased the survival of RD cells significantly (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the control,the expression levels of VP1 mRNA and protein in EV71-infected RD cells decreased obviously at 8 hours post-infection (P ＜0.01).In addition,after RD cells were infected EV71,the levels of phosphorylated JNK1/2,c-Fos and c-Jun increased significantly (P ＜ 0.05).However,the pretreatment of SP600125 decreased the phosphorylation levels of JNK1/2,c-Fos and c-Jun protein obviously (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion EV71 infection may effectively activate the JNK1/2 signaling pathway in RD cells,which may be related to EV71 replication.

To investigate the expression and clinical significance of p27kip1 protein in primary liver cancer, the expression of p27kip1 protein and the relationship with clinicopathological factors were studied in primary liver cancer by using SABC immunohistochemical staining in specimens of 40 cases of primary liver cancer and 20 cases of liver cirrihosis. Our results showed that positive expression rate of p27kip1 protein in primary liver cancer was 37.5% (15/40), which was lower than that in benign lesion of liver 80.0% (16/20, P<0.01). The expression level of p27kip1 protein in primary liver cancer showed significant differences in tumor size, Edmonson histological grade, portal invasion, lymph node metastasis, TNM stage (P<0.05, for all), but not significantly correlated with patient's age and histological types. Log rank test showed that the p27kip1 expression was significantly related with prognosis of the patients (P<0.05), and the prognosis of the patients with p27kip1 positive expression was markedly better than that of those with p27kip1 negative expression. It is concluded that the expression of p27kip1 was significantly related clinicopathological factors of primary liver cancer. p27kip1 protein may be used as a novel tumor marker for primary liver cancer.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/*metabolism ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/*metabolism ; Liver Neoplasms/*metabolism ; Liver Neoplasms/pathology ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Tumor Markers, Biological/*metabolism

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) in CHOP regimen for un-treated elderly patients with advanced diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Methods:In a prospective phase II study, we analyzed the feasibility of PLD-modified CHOP regimen in elderly patients with advanced stages of DLBCL. PLD was administered at 30 mg/m2 in combination with cyclophosphamide, vincristine, and prednisone at standard doses every 21 d for six cycles. CD20 positive patients were given option for rituximab treatment. Results:From November 2011 to March 2014, 30 patients with a median age of 70 years (range:63 to 80) were enrolled in this study. Up to 24 cases (80.0%) obtained an International Prognostic Index of≥3. The overall re-sponse rate was 86.7%, and the complete remission rate was 66.7%. With a median follow-up of 20.1 months, the 18-month overall and progression-free survival rates were 82.4%and 70.1%, respectively. The main toxicity was neutropenia, reaching grades 3 to 4 in the 24 cases (80.0%). No significant changes existed in patients' left ventricular ejection fraction and serum troponin-T during the study. Four patients (13.3%) showed asymptomatic abnormal changes in electrocardiogram after PLD infusion. Conclusion:CHOP regimen with PLD is an effective alternative for the treatment of DLBCL in elderly patients, exhibiting an acceptable toxicity.

Objective To investigate the effect of electroacupuncture at different points on auditory brainstem response (ABR) in a rat model of sodium salicylate-induced tinnitus.Method Forty-one male Wistar rats were randomly allocated to saline control (saline), sodium salicylate model (SA), electroacupuncture at Tinggong+ Yifeng (EA), electroacupuncture at Waiguan+ Zhongzhu (AA) and electroacupuncture at Zusanli+ Sanyinjiao (LA) groups. The saline group consisted of five rats and each of the other groups, nine rats. The model was made by intraperitoneal injection of sodium salicylate 275 mg/kg. The saline control group was injected with a corresponding volume of saline. Various acupoint electroacupuncture groups were given electroacupuncture at bilateral Tinggong+ Yifeng, Waiguan+ Zhongzhu and Zusanli+ Sanyinjiao, respectively, at 30 min after model making. Electroacupuncture lasted 30 min. The ABRs were recorded before model making and once every one hour for five consecutive hours after model making. The stimulus sounds were short clicks and tone bursts of frequencies of 4, 8, 16 and 32 kHz. The ABR threshold was used as an assessment index.Results Under the condition of clicks, there was a statistically significant difference in the ABR threshold at one to five hours after model making between the SA, EA, AA or LA group and the saline group (P<0.05), at two to five hours after model making between the EA or AA group and the SA group (P<0.05) and at one hour after model making between the LA and SA groups (P<0.05). Under the conditions of 4, 8 and 16 kHz, there was a statistically significant difference in the ABR threshold at one to five hours after model making between the SA, EA, AA or LA group and the saline group (P<0.05). Under the condition of 32 kHz, there was a statistically significant difference in the ABR threshold at one to five hours after model making between the SA, AA or LA group and the saline group (P<0.05). Under the condition of 4 kHz, there was a statistically significant difference in the ABR threshold at two to five hours after model making between the EA and SA groups (P<0.05) and at four to five hours after model making between the AA and SA groups (P<0.05). Under the condition of 8 kHz, there was a statistically significant difference in the ABR threshold at two to five hours after model making between the EA or AA group and the SA group (P<0.05). Under the condition of 16 kHz, there was a statistically significant difference in the ABR threshold at two, four and five hours after model making between the EA and SA groups (P<0.05). Under the condition of 32 kHz, there was a statistically significant difference in the ABR threshold at one to five hours after model making between the EA and SA groups (P<0.05).Conclusion Electroacupuncture at both periauricular and forelimb points can improve the ABR threshold in sodium salicylate-treated rats. The effect of electroacupuncture at periauricular points is superior to that at forelimb points.

Objective To evaluate the effects of exposure to MALs on immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis in human alveolar macrophages .Methods Plate counting were used to evaluate the effect of resisting Mycobacterium tuberculosis in human alveolar macrophages .Culture supernatants were harvested and human TNF‐α was measured by ELISA kit .Total nitrite levels in the media were measured using the Griess reagent .Results MALs stimulation attenuated the control of intracellular mycobacterial growth in human alveolar macrophages .The production of proinflammatory cytokines TNF‐α and Nitric oxide in human alveolar macrophages induced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis purified protein derivatives tuberculin (Mt‐PPD) and human interferonγwere attenuated by pretreatment in vitro with MALs .Conclusion MALs attenuated the responses of human alveolar macrophages a‐gainst Mycobacterium tuberculosis ,which may provide the new evidence to explain the phenomena in which some component of Mycobacteria in environment impacts the immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection .

Objective To assecess the role of CT in the diagnosis and the reasons of misdiagnosis of biliary duct carcinoma.Methods 23 cases with biliary duct carcinoma pathologically comfirmed were reviewed.Results 2 cases were peripheral type,10 cases were major intrahepatic biliary duct type,7 cases were extrahepatic type and 4 cases ampullar type.The masses within biliary duct were showed by CT in 16 cases.The obstruction of biliary duct was cut off abruptly in 18 cases and narrowing sharply in 5 cases.The intrahepatic biliary duct indicated mild or marked expansion,of them,17 cases were showed as vine and 6 as segmental.The extrahepatic biliary duct were dilated in 11 and gallbladder dilatation in 7.4 cases were misdiagnosed and leaked diagnosis was in one cases by CT preoperation.Conclusion CT is valuable in diagnosis of biliary duct carcinoma,but it still has some limitations.

AIM:To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of lipoic acid (LA) on redox regulation and digestive function in intestine of C57BL/6 mice fed high fat diet (HFD).METHODS:C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to one of three groups (n=8). The control group consumed an ordinary diet. The other two experimental groups were fed with a high fat diet,high fat plus 0.1% LA. After 6 weeks,the activities of digestive enzymes were examined. In order to evaluate the antioxidant status of the mice,superoxide dismutase (SOD),malondialdehyde (MDA),total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in intestinal homogenate were measured. To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of LA,the gene expression profiles in intestine were examined using the GeneChip microarray system.RESULTS:A depressed antioxidant defense system,accompanied by digestive and absorptive function impairment,was observed in HFD-fed mice. These changes were partially restored in the LA-treated group. DNA microarray analysis of intestine showed that LA ingestion up-regulated the expression of genes related to free-radical scavenger enzymes,digestive enzymes and transporters.CONCLUSION:Treatment with LA improves redox homeostasis and the function of intestine in mice fed HFD. The mechanism may involve preventing oxidative stress by scavenging ROS directly and increasing those of free-radical scavenger enzymes gene expression indirectly.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the characteristics and regularities of the adverse drug reactions(ADRs)induced by irino-tecan,in order to provide reference for clinical application. METHODS:In retrospective study,56 cases of irinotecan-induced ADR collected from our hospital during Jun. 2011-Jan.2015 were analyzed statistically in respects of gender,age,disease types, ECOG score,medication,organs/systems involved in ADR,clinical manifestations,outcome,etc. RESULTS:All 56 patients suf-fered from ADR,among which the percentage of hematopoietic system accounted for the highest(100%),and followed by diges-tive system;the grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ ADRs accounted for 87.20%,the grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ ADRs accounted for 12.80%. 64.50% of ADRs oc-curred within 1 week. In respect of conversion,85.71%(48/56)of the patients recovered with supportive care and continued che-motherapy,the remaining 8 cases had to reduce the dose of chemotherapy and then recovered. CONCLUSIONS:With regular dose,irinotecan is well tolerated. Since ADRs induced by irinotecan are slight,all the ADRs are well managed. It is important to enhance follow-up observations of patients to prevent some serious ADRs.

Prognostic factors of differentiated thyroid carcinomas ( DTC ) were analyzed and the related literatures were systematically reviewed in order to justify the diagnostic and therapeutic modalities for improving the patient′s survival.150 patients ( female,n =113 ; male,n =37 ) with histopathologically diagnosed DTC,including papillary thyroid carcinoma ( n =131,87.3％ ) and follicular thyroid carcinoma ( n =19,12.7％ ),were postoperatively followed up and their clinical data were retrospectively reviewed.Patients were followed up for 4.15-31 years wherein 140 patients( 93.3％ ) survived but with relapse in 30 patients( 20.0％ ),and 10 patients( 6.7％ ) died.Surgical procedures consisted of near-total or subtotal thyroidectomy ( n =83,55.3％ ),partial thyroidectomy ( n =64,42.7％ ),and total thyroidectomy ( n =3,2.0％ ).Out of the patients receiving lymph node dissection ( n =63 ),45 patients( 71.4％ ) had detectable lymph node metastasis.Age of onset,tumor size at initial visit,and early metastasis showed the statistically significant difference between mortality group and survival group (P＜ 0.05 ),as well as between relapse group and relapse-free group( P＜0.05 ).Age of onset,tumor size at initial visit,and early metastasis are prognostic factors for DTC.