Objective To investigate the effect of different concentrations of arsenic trioxide (As2O3,ATO) on neurokinin A (NKA) in renal tissue of BXSB mice and explore its clinical value.Methods Fifty BXSB mice (twelve weeks old and weighted 23～26 g) were randomly divided into control group,systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) group,and therapeutic group of three different concentrations of ATO.All biochemical indicators were analyzed before and after treatment.The pathology of renal tissue was examined by immunohistochemistry.The concentration of NKA in renal tissues was detected by ELISA and the concentration of NKA mRNA was detected by RT-PCR.Results The concentration of NKA in SLE group in renal tissue (299±26) pg/g was significantly higher than that of normal control group (122±7) pg/g (P＜0.05).The concentration of NKA in the SLE group in renal tissue was significantly higher than that of three different concentrations of ATO in low-dose group (151±14) pg/g,moderate--dose group (147±9) pg/g and in highdose group (155±14) pg/g (P＜0.05).No difference was found between three different dosages of ATO treatment groups and normal control groups (P＞0.05).There were no significant differences among three different dosages of ATO treatment group (P＞0.05).The side effects in low-dose group were significantly lower than those of moderate and high-dosage groups (P＜0.05).Conclustion NKA concentration expressed in the renal tissues in the SLE group is higher than that in the control group.Decreasing the concentrations of NKA mRNA in renal tissues may be one of the important mechanisms of ATO in treating SLE.Low-dosage ATO is safe and effective to treat SLE and has therapeutic potentials.

After injecting retrograde tracer fiuoro-gold (FG) into the parabrachial region(PB), caudal ventrolateral medulla(CVLM) and the fourth segment of cervical spinal cord (C4), respectively, neurons in laminae I ～ Ⅱ of the medullary dorsalhorn projecting to the above mentioned brain areas were observed. PB received projections from bilateral laminae I and Ⅱ withan ipsilateral dominance; CVLM and C4 received projections from ipsilateral laminae I and Ⅱ. Neurons projecting to C4 werevery sparsely distributed in laminae I and Ⅱ of the medullary dorsal horn. The projecting neurons in outer part of lamina Ⅱwere more than those in inner part of lamina Ⅱ . Combined with immunofluorescence histochemistry for calbindin-D28k(CB) andparvalbumin(PV), it was demonstrated that a part of neurons projecting to PB or CVLM showed CB-like immunoreactivity, butnone of them exhibited PV-like immunoreactivity. There were only a few neurons in lamina Ⅱ projecting to C4 and they exhibitedneither CB- nor PV-like immunoreactivity. The present study provides further evidence for the existence of projecting neurons inlamina Ⅱ and suggests that immunostaining against CB and PV may distinguish two neuronal subpopulations in lamina Ⅱ .

Objective To analyze the current status of the drug resistance of enterococci and monitor the prevalence of drug-resistant strains of enterococci in hospital infection. Methods 318 strains of enterococci separated from infectious samples in nine general hospitals in Hubei were assayed and tested with regard to drug sensitivity and the software of WHONET4 was used to analyze the data. Results The separation ratio of ARE, HLARE, VRE and ARE complicated with HLARE was respectively 16.98% , 37.76% , 0 and 5.66% . Conclusion The drug resistance of enterococci shows the tendency of increasing and consequent hospital infection shows the tendency of scattered prevalence. Laboratories of clinical microorganisms ought to closely watch the detection and spread of VRE.

Objective To study the activity and participation status of patients with spinal cord injury or traumatic brain injury. Methods From 2013 to 2016, 60 patients with spinal cord injury and 38 patients with traumatic brain injury were assessed with WHO Disability As-sessment Schedule 2.0 (WHO-DAS 2.0) (International Chinese Version of fully structured interviewer administered 36 questions). Results The patients with traumatic brain injury had moderate dysfunction in domains of cognition and getting along with people, and severe dys-function in other domains. The patients with spinal cord injury had mild dysfunction in domain of cognition, moderate dysfunction in do-mains of self-care and getting along with people, and severe dysfunction in other domains. The dysfunction was severer in domains of cogni-tion and self-care in the patients with traumatic brain injury than in the patients with spinal cord injury (t>2.140, P<0.05). Conclusion The inpatients with spinal cord injury and traumatic brain injury are difficult in mobility, self-care, getting along with people, life activities and participation.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy evaluation methods are becoming the focus of osteosarcoma chemotherapy research in recent years.This paper updates the evaluation methods of osteosarcoma neoadjuvant chemotherapy in such aspects as pathological histology,imaging studies,and the examination of molecular levels.

Objective To determine the effects of sexual hormone therapy at varied doses on prevention of bone mineral loss in Chinese postmenopausal women. Methods From March 2002 to March 2003, 90 Chinese postmenopausal women were randomly divided into three groups, each given one of the following regiments for 12 months, estradiol valerate (EV) 1 mg plus medroxyprogesterone (MPA) 2 mg for group A (31 subjects), eonjngated estradiol (ethinylestradiol-3-cyclopentylether, CEE) 0.45 mg plus MPA 2 mg for group B (29 subjects) and livial 1.25 mg for group C (30 subjects), respectively. In addition, 400 mg of elemental calcium were given daily to all those women. Bone mineral density (BMD) of the 2nd to 4th lumbar vertebra (L2～4) and biochemical markers of bone turnover, urine N-telopeptide of type Ⅰ collagen/creatinine(NTX/Cr) and serum total alkaline phnsphatase (ALP), were measured before and after drug administration. Results After treatment for 12 months, BMD of the L2～4 increased significantly by 0.039 g/cm2(P<0.01) in group B, but not significantly in group A or group C (P<0.05). Increases in BMD of the L2～4 was more in group B than that in group A and group C, respectively (P < 0.05), but no significant difference in BMD increase between group A and group C was found (P >0.05). After treatment for 6 months, urine NTX/Cr reduced from the baseline for all the three groups (P < 0.05), but no significant difference among group A, group B and group C was found (P >0.05). After treatment for 12 months, serum ALP significantly reduced from the baseline for all the three groups (P <0.01), but no significant difference among group A, group B and group C wag found (P > 0.05). Conclusions Sexual hormone therapy at varied doses lower than regular one for 12 months was effective in preventing bone mineral less in postmenopausal women.

Objective To clone and construct the plasmid containing human thyroid stimulating hormone receptor(TSHR) gene ectodomain,and then identify the immunoreactivity of the purified recombinant protein.Methods TSHR total RNA was extracted from human thyroid,and cDNA was obtained with RT-PCR technique.Human TSHR ectodomain gene(hETSHR) was cloned into pcDNA3.1(+) vector.The recombined construct was transfected into CHO cells by Lipofectin 2000.The transcript mRNA was detected by RT-PCR,and protein immunoreactivity was assayed by TSHR antibody with immunocytochemistry staining and Western blot.Results DNA sequencing results showed that the recombinant of human thyrotropin receptor ectodomain had confirmed sequence reported in GenBank.The fusion protein had the immunoreactivity.Conclusion Human thyroid stimulating hormone receptor was successfully cloned in eukaryotic expression vector and the constructor was expressed in eukaryotic cells very well.

Objective To evaluate the role of autophagy on acute kidney injury after liver transplantation.Method Fifty-six healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into 4 groups:sham group,orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) group,sirolimus pretreated (SRL) group and 3-methyladenine pretreated(3-MA) group.OLT model was established.Then the rats were sacrificed at 6 h after reperfusion.The renal function and the extent of oxidative stress relative proteins malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were observed.The levels of apoptosis relative genes caspase-3 and cyt c and the expression of autophagy relative proteins were detected.The pathological changes were microscopically examined in renal tissues.TUNEL staining was used to observe the apoptosis of tubular epithelial cells.Transmission electron microscopy was applied to observe the ultrastructure changes of tubular epithelial cells.Result As compared with sham group,OLT and 3-MA groups showed a serious renal injury including cellular vacuolization,loss of brush borders,and a significant rise in BUN,Cr and MDA,while a decrease in SOD activity.The levels of caspase-3 mRNA and cyt c rnRNA were increased significantly.Whereas compared to OLT and 3-MA groups,renal function and oxidative stress levels in SRL group ameliorated,and histopathologic damage and apoptosis alleviated after OLT.Simultaneously,the levels of caspase-3 mRNA and cyt c mRNA were decreased.The expression of beclin-1 and LC3-]Ⅱ was effectively upregulated.Conclusion Autophagy could alleviate acute kidney injury after liver transplantation through inhibiting oxidative stress and apoptosis.

Objective To detect the pathological state of metabolic syndrome and the expression of microRNA-205 in women with endometrial cancer.Methods Thirty-eight cases of patients with endometrial cancer were collected including waist circumference,weight,blood pressure.Collected preoperative fasting blood,postoperative endometrial lesions and endometrium tissue adjacent to carcinoma paraffin section.Analyzed the metabolic syndrome in patients with pathological state indicators,extracted the total RNA of endometrium tissue and the level of microRNA-205 was detected.Results The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 44.74％ (17/38).The abnormal rate of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,blood pressure,triglycerides,waist circumference,fasting blood sugar successively were 52.6％ (20/38),36.8％ (14/38),34.2％ (13/38),34.2％ (13/38) and 26.3％ (10/38).The expression level of microRNA-205 in endometrial carcinoma was higher than that in normal endometrium tissues,there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Metabolic syndrome is closely associated with the metabolic syndrome and its components.The expressions of microRNA-205 may participate in the occurrence and development of endometrial carcinoma,and it may be as an early screening of molecular markers.

Objective To evaluate the capability of virtual non-contrast (VNC)of the second-generation dual-source CT (DSCT), and to display the adipose tissue of gastric serosa.Methods 48 patients with gastric cancer undergoing preoperative DSCT and sur-gery were enrolled.The true non-contrast (TNC)values and VNC values of perigastric adipose tissue were measured and compared with conventional non-contrast scanning and VNC of arterial phase and venous phase.The VNC values of perigastric adipose tissue were compared between serosal involvement group and non-serosal involvement group.Results There was statistical difference be-tween TNC values and VNC values of perigastric adipose tissue (P <0.05),the absolute differences were under 13 HU.The differ-ence of VNC values between serosal involvement group and non-serosal involvement group was significant (P <0.05).Conclusion VNC of the second-generation DSCT can clearly display the adipose tissue of gastric serosa.It has certain capability in judging sero-sal involvement.VNC has the proficiency to replace conventional non-contrast scanning.