The use of optimal regulatory sequences for simultaneous expression of the transgenes might play a significant role in engineering plants with increased disease and insect resistance.The plant expression vector pOMS-GUS,which contained the GUS gene under the control of a chimeric promoter based upon the mannopine synthase(mas)promoter and the octopine synthase(ocs)enhancer,was constructed.Used as control,another vector pMAS-GUS,carried the GUS gene driven by only the mas promoter.The two vectors were introduced into tobacco plants by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation.Fluorometric assays for GUS activity and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)analysis revealed that GUS gene expressed weakly with untreated transgenic tobacco while the level of GUS activity increased steadily after 1 h subjected to wounding.The expression of the mas and ocs/mas promoters was induced a further 1.8-fold and 5.7-fold,respectively.SA(1 mmol/L)or MJ(250 ?mol/L)treatment also caused a large induction of the ocs/mas chimeric promoter;And the application of SA in combination with MJ(1 mmol/LSA & 250 ?mol/L MJ)produced an additive effect that exceeded the wounding response.The results showed that the ocs/mas chimeric promoter is a strong inducible promoter that can be activated by various stresses.The chimeric promoter should have utility in development of disease and insect resistant transgenic crops.

Objective To evaluate the influence of duration of laser irradiation on histomorphometric meas- urements in experimentally tenotomized and repaired rabbit Achilles tendons and to explore the best irradiation time. Methods A total of 20 male New Zealand rabbits aged 10-12 weeks were used and randomly divided into 4 groups:a control group and three experimental groups.All the animals underwent surgical excised and then repair of their Achillis tendon.The animals in the control group were then treated with sham laser irradiation,while those in the three experimental groups were treated with 10,20 and 30 minutes of He-Ne laser irradiation(632.8 nm, 18.9 mW)daily,respectively,for 14 days.On the 28th day after surgical operation,the animals were sacrificed and their Achilles tendons were sampled.HE stain and Van Geison stain were used to observe morphometric changes of tendons.The SDS-PAGE electrophoresis method and CS-930 photodensity scan instrument were employed to measure the content of typesⅠandⅢcollagen.Results it was shown that laser irradiation enhanced cell proliferation,cel- lular content,granulation tissue formation and collagen deposition in laser-treated tendons,especially in those irradia- ted for 20 minute daily,as compared to the control group.TypeⅠand typeⅢcollagen levels were significantly in- creased at the 28th day in the healing tendons and the ratio of collagenⅢtoⅠincreased in all the 3 experimental groups,and the increase of both collagen content and ratio of collagen typeⅢtoⅠwas significantly greater in those ir- radiated 20 minutes daily(P

Objective To observe the effect of interaction in children speech therapy.Methods 90 cases with children aphasis were assessed with evaluation for delayed speech and language development by Sign-significance (S-S) method made by Chinese Rehabilitation Research Center and dysarthria evaluation, and treated.Results After treatment, all cases had different improvment on their own level and were in the process of rehabilitation care.Conclusion The speech therapy interaction is easy, economical and can stimulate children' interest to learn speech and get the training goal.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of combined medical treatment on auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder and the effect of related factors on the prognosis. METHOD: Eleven cases (22 ears) diagnosed as auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder using multiple criteria including pure tone auditory threshold, impedance audiometry, acoustic reflexes, distortion products otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) and auditory brainstem response (ABR) were subjected to combined medical treatment . Eleven auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder patients diagnosed during the corresponding period but refused treatment were selected as control group. The change of pure tone auditory threshold and speech discrimination score after treatment or follow-up were evaluated for both 2 groups, and the relationship between the patients' gender, age, accompanying symptoms and curative effect were also analyzed. Data were analyzed by SPSS 19.0 statistical software using pared-sample t-test, independent-sample test and Pearson's chi-square test. RESULT: The effective rate of combined medical therapy was 59.09% (13/22) in the therapy group. PTA levels before and after-treatment were (53.92 +/- 18.86) dB HL and (47.44 +/- 14.98) dB HL respectively in 22 ears with the combined medical therapy, the improvement of which showed statistically significance (t = 5.20, P < 0.05). No obvious hearing change was noted in the 11 patients who refused therapy (P > 0.05). Speech discrimination score before and after-treatment were (29.20 +/- 25.80)% and (41.60 +/- 22.90)% respectively for the treatment group. The average improvement of speech discrimination score was (12.40 +/- 13.80)% with statistically significant difference (t = 4.02, P < 0.05). Patients accompanied with tinnitus had relatively poorer effect compared with individuals without tinnitus (t = -3.85, P < 0.05). Age is negatively correlated with the prognosis (r = -6.72, P < 0.05). Gender had no effect on the prognosis (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION The combined medical therapy with glucocorticoids helps improving the pure tone auditory threshold and speech discrimination score of auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder. In light of our findings we support the combined medical therapy as an option for patients with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder.
Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Glucocorticoids ; therapeutic use ; Hearing Loss, Central ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Hypothyroidism ; genetics ; Myocardium ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Receptors, Thyroid Hormone ; genetics

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the bioequivalence of domestic secnidazole tablet,capsule and imported secnidazole tablet in healthy volunteers.METHODS:18healthy volunteers were randomly divided into3groups according to a triple-cross design,all the volunteers were given a single dose of1g secnidazole,the interval for washout period of3times adminis?tration was14days.The plasma drug concentration of secnidazole was determined by HPLC-UV.RESULTS:The main pharmacokinetic parameters of homemade tablet and homemade capsule and imported tablet were as follow,t max were(2.00?1.93),(2.67?2.14)and(1.54?1.53)h respectively,t 1/2 were(28.56?4.98)、(29.69?6.81)and(27.16?5.06)h,C max were(25.50?2.74),(24.27?3.76)and(25.64?4.10)?g/ml respectively.AUC 0～t were(736.03?73.20),(704.78?88.51)and(737.77?76.02)(?g?h)/ml respcetively.AUC 0～∞ were(886.36?114.50),(864.57?172.27)and(870.64?100.21)(?g?h)/ml respectively.The relative bioavailability of homemade tablet was(100.02?6.73)%,and that of homemade capsule was(95.91?10.66)%.CONCLUSION:3preparations of secnidazole are bioequivalent.

Objective We aimed to study the performance evaluation indicators of central venous pressure (CVP) measuring system for ICU patients in clinical trials and discuss its impact factors.Methods Ac-cording to the performance evaluation indicators of CVP measuring system based on the Delphi method,a form was created to evaluate the continuous CVP monitoring of 197 ICU patients and then the data were collected.A comparative analysis was performed to verify the factors affecting the performance of CVP measuring system.Results The performance of CVP measuring system was affected by the number of threeway switches,vasoactive drugs and positive end-expiratory pressure,the statistical value was 8.577,-6.773and 3.244.There were no statistically significant differences with respect to performance evaluation indicators of CVP measuring system among the patients with different body positions.Conclusions The performance evaluation indicators of CVP measuring sys-tem proves to be feasible and practical by clinical empirical research.Their influencing factors were dis-cussed and they offer a valuable reference for the determination of the performance of CVP measuring sys-tem in clinical practice.

Objective To investigate the spatio-temporal expression of P2X3 receptor ( P2X3R) in rats with diabetic mechanical allodynia ( DMA ) .Methods DMA model in rats was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin ( STZ) .The von Frey filaments were applied to identify the changes of the paw withdrawal threshold ( PWT) in DMA rats.Immunofluorescence was employed to detect the spatio-temporal expression of P2X3R in the spinal dorsal horn (SDH), dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and hind paw skin on different time points after intraperitoneal injection of STZ , respectively.The protein expression of P2X3R in SDH and DRG was further semi-quantitatively analyzed by Western blotting.Results Compared with control group , intraperitoneal injection STZ induced significant mechanical allodynia indicated by the reduced PWT from 7 days, and which reached the peak on 14d and maintained to 28days (P<0.05). The expression of P2X3R in DRG neurons was significantly increased on 14 days and 21 days (P<0.05), while that in SDH and skin was markedly increased on 21 days and 28 days, compared with control group (P<0.05).Conclusion With the progress of DMA, the expression of P2X3R was significantly increased in the SDH, DRG and skin, which was almost parallel with the mechanical allodynia , but the changes in SDH and skin were 1 week later than that in DRG .These results suggest that P2X3R may play a key role in the maintenance of the DMA .

OBJECTIVE To ascertain the causes of unreported hospital infection in our hospital and apply countermeasures. METHODS To adopt investigation way to review and analyze 34 694 hospital files in our hospital from Aug 2002 to Jul 2004. RESULTS From them 1164 cases had experienced hospital infection,264 were unreported,the monthly unreported rate decreased from 52.50% to 0;the yearly unreported rate decreased from 36.17% to 10.67%. CONCLUSIONS The unreported reason is because the relevant staff lack infection knowledge,the control and supporting system isn′t so efficient.So the key to reduce the missing report rate is to enhance the awareness of the hospital infection control among the staff in hospital,to strengthen communication and cooperation,and to implement the administrative regulation.

BackgroundHigh myopia is one of leading causes of blindness,so far the pathogenesis remains unclear.Two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of rs6885224 and rs12716080 in CTNND2 gene were recently found to be associated with high myopia in Singaporean Chinese.But whether these SNPs are related with the pathogenesis of high myopia in Han Chinese is worth studying,Objective This study was to investigate the relationship between the genetic variations of the CTNND2 gene and high myopia in Han Chinese.MethodsA case-controlled association study was designed.Nine hundred and thirty-three individuals with high myopia and 1227age- and gender-matched normal subjects were included in this study.The 5 ml of periphery blood was obtained from all subjects for the extraction of genomic DNA.The target DNA was amplified using PCR and purified by the SNaPshot method.Four SNPs rs12716080,rs917012,rs6885224 and rs16901340 in the CTNND2 gene were genotyped.This study was approved by the Ethic Committee of Sichuan Provincial People Hospital.Written informed consent was obtained from each subject before his/her enrollment.Results The frequencies of the genotypes rs6885224,rs12716080,rs917012,rs16901340 SNPs were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) ( P=0.181,0.085,0.732,0.313,0.264,0.663,0.084,0.196).There were no significant differences in genotypes frequency distribution ( in turn P =0.654,0.406,0.828,0.403 ) and allele frequency distribution of the CTNND2 gene ( in turn P =0.377,0.209,0.743,0.198) between the high myopia group and normal control group.The haplotypes (TA and GA)frequencies of rs12716080 and rs917012 in the high myopia group were significantly different from those of the normal control group(TA:0.784 vs.0.719;GA:0.087 vs.0.136) (x2 =6.115,P=0.013 ;x2 =6.634,P=0.010),but those of GG were similar between the high myopia group and normal control group ( 0.123 vs.0.143,x2 =0.889,P =0.346). ConclusionsThe SNPs rs12716080,rs917012,rs6885224 and rs16901340 in CTNND2 gene were not responsible for high myopia,however,the haplotypes of rs12716080 and rs917012 are susceptible for high myopia in Han Chinese.