As an important synthetic antibacterial drug, sulfonamides play an important role in the anti-infection field. Based on the research and development status of sulfonamides, this paper broke the classical structure of sulfanilamide, and designed and synthesized a series of acetyl-contained sulfanilamide tertiary amine thiol azole compounds and sulfanilamide tertiary amine amino azole compounds. The structures were confirmed by ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR and HRMS. The antimicrobial activity of synthesized compounds in vitro was tested. The antimicrobial activity of amino triazole compound 7a gave stronger activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa than that of positive control drug norfloxacin, and its inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus was close to that of norfloxacin. The interaction between compound 7a and calf thymus DNA was studied, and the docking experiment between this compound and DNA was also researched.

Objective To investigate the distribution and genetic characteristic of etiological agents among children with hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)in Shanghai and neighbor areas in 2008.Methods Throat swabs were collected from the inpatients with HFMD from May to June 2008 in Pediatrics Hospital affiliated to Fudan University,Shanghai,and Deqing,Zhejiang Province.Cerebral spinal fluid(CSF)from some patients were collected as well.Vero,MRC-5 and RD ceils were used to isolate the possible pathogens by observing cytopathic effect(CPE).Enterovirus genus,Coxsaekie virus group A type 16(CoxA16)and enterovirus type 71(EV71)were detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR),and finally identified by sequencing.Results A total of 107 swabs and 22 CSF samples were collected from all 100 inpatients.Swabs of 50 children caused CPE observed.Among them,enteroviruses accounted for 74.0%(37/50),which including 26 (52.0%)of EV71,10(20%)of CoxAl6 and 1(2.0%)of CoxB3,and 13(26.0%)of other pathogens.All the 26 EV71 strains were similar with the isolates from Zhejiang Province and Fuyang,Anhui Province in 2008,which belonged tO genotype Cl all the 10 CoxAl6 strains belonged to genetic lineages C.Conclusions The causative agents of HFMD are complicated.CoxA16 and EV71 are predominant among children with HFMD in Shanghai and neighbor areas in 2008,while the pathogens of some patients are still unknown.

Objective To explore the impact of intervention of weight management (WM)on readmission rate of patients with congestive heart failure(CHF).Methods sixty-six CHF patients were divided into the control group(34 cases)and the intervention group(32 cases).The patients in the intervention group received the weight management intervention for 6 months after discharge,while the control group was carried on the conventional education and follow-up.The ability of WM and readmission rate of patients due to onset of CHF were compared between the two groups.Results Six months after the intervention,significant differences were found on the scores of weight monitoring,WM related-knowledge,belief and practice in the intervention group,but only WM related-practice was improved in the control group.The readmission rote due to onset of CHF was reduced in the intervention group.Conclusions WM intervention could significantly improve the ability of WM and reduce readmission rate due to CHF onset of CHF patients.

Ketamine is a noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist and comes into being a new problem of drug abuse. It can cause a certain extent of hallucination, which makes ketamine be abused in the casinos. The paper reviews the pharmacological and toxicology characteristic of Ketamine, the possible physiological mechanism and the methods for detecting Ketamine abuse.
Anesthetics, Dissociative/toxicity* ; Cerebral Cortex/drug effects* ; Humans ; Illicit Drugs ; Ketamine/toxicity* ; Mental Disorders/chemically induced* ; Receptors, Dopamine/drug effects* ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/drug effects* ; Substance Abuse Detection/methods* ; Substance-Related Disorders/prevention & control*

Guanylate binding protein-1(GBP-1) is an interferon-induced protein. To observe its antiviral effect against Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Coxsackie virus B3 (CVB3), we constructed an eukaryotic expression vector of human GBP-1(hGBP-1). Full-length encoding sequence of hGBP-1 was amplified by long chain RT-PCR and inserted into a pCR2.1 vector, then subcloned into a pCDNA3.1(-) vector. Recombinant hGBP-1 plasmids and pHBV1.3 carrying 1.3-fold genome of HBV were contransfected into HepG2 cells, and inhibition effect of hGBP-1 against HBV replication was observed. Hela cells transfected with recombinant hGBP-1 plasmids were challenged with CVB3, and viral yield in cultures were detected. The results indicated that recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid of hGBP-1 was constructed successfully and the hGBP-1 gene carried in this plasmid could be efficiently expressed in HepG2 cells and Hela cells. hGBP-1 inhibit CVB3 but not HBV replication in vitro. These results demonstrate that hGBP-1 mediates an antiviral effect against CVB3 but not HBV and perhaps plays an important role in the interferon-mediated antiviral response against CVB3.

To establish a replication cellular model of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and determine its application in antiviral drug evaluation,we constructed an expression plasmid which contained 1.3 copies of the HBV genome,and measured the level of viral replication after transient transfection in Huh7 cells.We then observed the effect of antiviral drug administration.1.3 fold of the HBV(ayw) gene fragment was cloned into pCR2.1 by PCR and restriction endonuclease digestion.The recombinant plasmid was trans ient transfected into Huh7 cells,HBsAg,HBeAg and HBV DNA in supernatant of Huh7 cells were measured by ELISA and real-time PCR respectively; intracellular HBV replicative intermediates and intracellular HBV transcripts were detected by Southern blot and Northern blot respectively.The antiviral effect of adefovir,a novel anti-HBV nucleotide analogue,was evaluated in this cellular model system.The results indicated that a recombinant plasmid of HBV replicon was constructed successfully; the HBV genome carried in plasmid pHBV1.3 could efficiently replicate and be expressed in Huh 7 cells,adefovir could inhibit HBV replication in this cellular model,and the inhibition was dosage-dependent.The conclusion is HBV replicon,which can initiate viral replication efficiently in hepatoma cells,may be a useful tool in the study of HBV replication and antiviral drug.

Objective To characterize the audiological features in the infants with otitis media with effusion(OME)and to investigate the utility of variety of objective andiometry methods in diagnosis and intervention on OME.Methods Fifry six infants(40 males and 16 females)were investigated,who were referred to our clinic at the General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army by the other hospitals from December 2004 to June 2007 when the infants were diagnosed or highly suspected of OME.The ages at the initial diagnosis ranged from 42 days to three years,with an average of five months.The infants,after receiving the conventional otolaryngological exams,were subjected to the tests of auditory brainstem response (ABR),otoacoustic emission(OAE),tympanometry(226 Hz and 1000 Hz)and behaviors audiometry.Results Among 56 affected infants.87 ears were diagnosed with OME,of which 31 infants were affected bilateral and 25 with monaural.For the 49 infants who received hearing screening at birth.36 infants were referred at the initial screening.For the 52 infants who received repeated screening.all subjects were referred.Six infants without receiving hearing screening came to clinic when their parents observed their kids'hearing impairment.Among the 52 cases(104 ears)who received tympanometry test,20 subjects (28 ears)showed B or C type tympanometry curve.Thirty-nine cases(78 ears)were given tympanometry test at 1000 Hz,of which 38 cases(55 ears)showed abnormal hearing.Among 56 infants(112 ears)with ABR test,49 subjects(74 ears)exhibited prolonged ABR type Ⅰ curve.All 56 infants(112 ears)received OAE test,of which 55 subjects(81 ears)were referred Four infants(8 ears)accepted the behavior test and all of them showed A-B Gap.Conclusions The combined tympanometry test at both 226 Hz and 1000 Hz,ABR latency or threshold test,infant's behavior test and OAE,used jointly,enable characterizing better OME in infants.thus helping early diagnosis of this hearing disorder.

Background and Objectives: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) has major effects in premature infants. Although previous literature has indicated that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can alleviate lung pathology in BPD newborns and improve the survival rate, few research have been done investigating significantly differentially expressed genes in the lungs before and after MSCs therapy. The aim of this study is to identify differentially expressed genes in lung tissues before and after hAD-MSC treatment. Methods: and Results: Human amnion-derived MSCs (hAD-MSCs) were cultured and met the MSCs criteria for cell phenotype and multidirectional differentiation. Then we confirmed the size of hAD-MSCs-EXOs and their expressed markers. An intratracheal drip of living cells showed the strongest effect on NHLI compared to cellular secretions or exosomes, both in terms of ameliorating pulmonary edema and reducing inflammatory cell infiltration. Through gene chip hybridization, PCR, and western blotting, acylaminoacyl-peptide hydrolase (APEH) expression was found to be significantly decreased under hyperoxia, and significantly increased after hAD-MSC treatment. Conclusions The intratracheal transplantation of hAD-MSCs ameliorated NHLI in neonatal rats through APEH.

Objective To observe the effect of the clinical nursing pathway on the acute cerebral infarction patients.Methods Totals of 200 acute cerebral infarction patients were recruited and randomly divided into observation group and control group,with 100 cases each group.Control group received the routine nursing,while observation group received the clinical nursing pathway:the system,dynamic,continuous guidance and nursing care during hospital.Then,the length time of stay,hospitalization expenses,the incidence of complications,patients' satisfaction,the knowledge rates of disease of two groups were observed.Results The length time of stay and hospitalization expenses of observation group were respectively lower than that of the control group [ (25.2 ± 2.1 ) d vs (31.1 ± 3.2 ) d,(4 700 ± 105 ) yuan vs (5 030 ± 143 ) yuan; t =213.14,308.01 ; P ＜ 0.05 ].The incidence of complications,patients' satisfaction,the knowledge rates of disease of observation group were 2％,98.96％,96％ respectively,and that of control group were 9％,95.03％,75％ respectively,and the differences were statistically significant ( x2 =4.71,8.87,17.29,respectively ;P ＜0.05 or P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Applying the clinical nursing pathway in the management of acute cerebral infarction patients can shorten the length time of stay,decrease hospitalization expenses,reduce the incidence of the complications,and improve the knowledge rates of disease of the patients.

OBJECTIVETo realize quadratic formula optimization of Renshen Jianxin Capsule (RJC) by screening Chinese herbs with major anti-myocardial ischemia effect in RJC and optimize their optimal dosages.

METHODSBy following "uniform design-pharmacodynamic experiment-mathematical modeling-formula optimization", authors employed U10(10(8)) uniform design in the experiment. Eight Chinese herbs contained in RJC were taken as observatory factors. Electrocardiograph (ECG) changes of myocardial ischemia induced by isoproterenol were taken as pharmacodynamic indices. The mathematical model between herbal factors and pharmacodynamic indices was established using stepwise regression analysis to screen Chinese herbs with major anti-myocardial ischemia effect. Their optimal dosages were optimized using the grid algorithm.

RESULTSThe regression equation was y =1. 7889 -0. 3247 Ginseng xSalvia Miltiorrhiza -0. 0663 Astragalus membranaceus xOriental Waterplantain tuber. Forecasting factors included were Ginseng, Salvia Miltiorrhiza, Astragalus membranaceus, and Oriental Waterplantain tuber. The optimal formula dosage calculated by the grid algorithm was Ginseng 1. 62 g, Astragalus membranaceus 4. 62 g, Salvia Miltiorrhiza 2. 43 g, and Oriental Waterplantain tuber 1. 66 g.

CONCLUSIONUniform design combined with stepwise regression analysis and grid algorithm were able to realize quadratic formula optimization of RJC.

Astragalus membranaceus ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; standards ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Electrocardiography ; Humans ; Isoproterenol ; Myocardial Ischemia ; drug therapy ; Panax ; Salvia miltiorrhiza