Objective To explore the etiology and clinical prevention regime for hepatitis B virus reinfection in patients after orthotopic liver transplantation. Methods One hundred and twenty eight orthotopic liver transplantation recipients with hepatitis B virus related end-stage liver diseases were analyzed retrospectively. The patients' primary diseases included chronic fulminant hepatitis B, end-stage liver cirrhosis and liver carcinoma. All the patients were given lamivudine pre-transplantation to prevent hepatitis B virus reinfection. Single lamivudine was administered post-transplantation in 3 cases; lamivudine combined with hepatitis B immunoglobulin were given in 125 cases. Adefovir dipivoxil was administered to the patients with hepatitis B virus reinfection. All the patients were followed-up for 3～48 months. Results Two out of the three patients who received single lamivudine developed hepatitis B virus reinfection. The reinfection occurred in one patient 6 months after orthotopic liver transplantation, and the other patient was found to be reinfected 9 months after transplantation. Five out of the 125 patients who received lamivudine and hepatitis B immunoglobulin (small dosage) developed hepatitis B virus reinfection. To 3 patients with hepatitis B virus reinfection adefovir dipivoxil was given, and hepatitis B virus-DNA negative conversion was observed after three months of treatment. Conclusions Treatment with lamivudine and low dose of hepatitis B immunoglobulin post-transplantation may offer an effective prevention against hepatitis B virus reinfection. Adefovir dipivoxil is effective for patients with reinfection of hepatitis B virus by suppressing its variant replication.

A series of new coumarin-based benzotriazole derivatives were successfully synthesized via a multi-step sequence of cyclization, etherification and N-alkylation, and were confirmed by 1H NMR, IR, MS spectra as well as elemental analyses. All these synthesized coumarin compounds were evaluated for in vitro antimicrobial activities against four Gram-positive bacteria, four Gram-negative bacteria and three fungi by two fold serial dilution technique. The bioactive assay showed that all these prepared coumarin benzotriazoles could inhibit the growth of the tested bacterial and fungal strains. Title compounds 11a-11e and 13a-13c were more active than chloromycin on Proteus vulgaris ATCC 6896. Coumarin benzotriazoles 11a and 11b displayed comparable antibacterial efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Micrococcus luteus ATCC 4698 in comparison with reference drug chloromycin. Compared to fluconazole, compounds 11a-11d displayed stronger inhibition on Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC 96918. Moreover, coumarin-based benzotriazoles in combination with antibacterial chloromycin or antifungal fluconazole, showed notable antimicrobial efficacy with less dosage and broader antimicrobial spectrum. More importantly, fluconazole-insensitive A. fumigatus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus N 315 (MRSA) were sensitive to these combined drugs.

Objective To build convenient structure ,efficient and intelligent transfusion information system ,improve the quality of services to meet the needs of clinical applications and hospital management ,and make the core concept of “quality safety” practi‐cable by the information system .Methods Establish a blood transfusion information system based on the theory of hospital bionic management in hospital .Results The transfusion information system which constructed from bionic management theory can fully realize the design goals and satisfy all types of users .Conclusion Bionic management with the features of integrity ,auto correla‐tion ,ideology and culture has good potential for growth ,and could play a great directive role on hospital information system .

OBJECTIVETo investigate the apoptosis and proliferation effect of matrine on human medulloblastoma cell line D341 in vitro and the effect of the expression of the related caspase 3 and caspase 9 proteins.

METHODSThe D341 cells were cultivated successfully in vitro. Then the cells were divided into 5 groups according to the concentration of matrine (0.5 mg/mI group, 1.0 mg/ml group, 1.5 mg/ml group, 2.0 mg/ml group and the control group was 0 mg/ml). All the experiments were repeated three times. The cell morphologic and structure change was observed with the optical microscope and the transmission electron microscope. The proliferation of D341 cell was analyzed using Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Apoptosis was detected by Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining. The expression of Caspase3 and Caspase9 was detected by Western blot.

RESULTSWith the effect of matrine, the proliferation inhibition rate gradually increased with drug concentrations increasing, and there was a significant difference (P < 0.01). The inhibitory effect of matrine on cell proliferation was different with the different treatment time, there was a significant difference between the 24 h to 72 h groups (P < 0.01). The apoptotic rate increased with matrine concentrations increasing. There were significant differences between the group of 0.5 mg/mI or 1.0 mg/mI to the group of 1.5 mg/mI or 2.0 mg/mI (P < 0.05). The apoptotic rate increased with the prolonged treatment time. There were significant differences between the group of 24 h or 48 h to the group of 72 h ( P < 0.05). With the increase of matrine concentration, the expression of Caspase 3 and Caspase 9 increased (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONMatrine induces the apoptosis, and inhibits the proliferation of human medulloblastoma D341 cells in vitro by up-regulation of the expression level of Caspase3, Caspase9.

Alkaloids ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Caspase 9 ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Cerebellar Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Medulloblastoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Quinolizines ; pharmacology ; Up-Regulation

Biotechnology supremacy is a newly-advanced power theory. It is a superior dominance of military biotechnological application based on the microcosm of life structure within a certain period of time. The advancement of biotechnology supremacy and modern biotechnology has created the concept of bio-micro-frontier, which involves information and defense resources of all living ultra-micro-organisms with national and regional characteristics. Being feasible both in theory and practice, the implementation of bio-micro-frontier system is strategically important. This article explores the implementation of bio-micro-frontier in terms of strategy and tactics, which will add a unique dimension to future military transformation and active defense.

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of 1.9 μm thulium laser with transurethral resection of bladder tumor(TURBT) for the treatment of superficial bladder cancer.Methods We reviewed 53 patients with superficial bladder cancer,who were divided into 1.9 μm laser (n =25) and TURBT groups (n =28) from January 2013 to December 2015.The operation time,blood loss volume in operation,catheter indwelling time,hospital stay time,and complications,cumulative recurrence rate were compared between the two groups.Results Compared to TURBT group,1.9 μm laser group showed significantly lower rate of blood loss volume in operation (21.6 ± 4.6) min,catheter indwelling time (22.4 ± 6.4) h,hospital stay time (2.2 ± 0.7) d,less complications (12％)and recurrence(16％) (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions 1.9 μm thulium laser is safe and effective for the treatment of patients with superficial bladder cancer.The approach has less complications than TURBT.

Objective: To explore the cytopathologic features and differential diagnostic essentials of the lung mucosa-associated lymphoid tumor(MALT).Methods: The fine needle aspiration(FNA) tissues and bronchi smears of 4 cases of MALT were examined by cytology,histology and immunohistochemistry respectively.Results: Cytologically,3 of the 4 cases were definitely diagnosed as lymphoid tumor and 1 suspected of small cell undifferentiated carcinoma,while histopathologically,all were diagnosed as MALT.The neoplastic cells were positive for CD20 and CD79a,but negative for CD3,CD5,CD10,CD45RO,CKpan and EMA.Conclusion: MALT is a rare pulmonary lymphoma difficult to be diagnosed.The definite diagnosis of pulmonary MALT depends on the cytology of FNA and bronchi smears,histopathology,and immunohistochemistry.

Objective:To investigate the clinic-cytology and histopathology of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in breasts. Mothods:Twelve cases of NHL of the breast were studied by fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAC), histopathology and immunohistochemistry, and whose clinical data were analysed at the same time. Results:In 12 cases of NHL, 3 cases were T-cell NHL and 9 cases were B-cell NHL. Cytologically, the T-cell NHL cells were mostly arranging in diffuse patterns. The tumor cells were oval and pleomorphism. Some of them had distorted nucleus and thin nuclear envelope.The nucleus showed irregular course chromatin and visible nueleoic. Histopathologically, some of the tumor cells distributed around the blood vessels, and there was an obvious phenomenon of “blood-vessel-closing”. B-cell lymphoma cells were arranginy in diffuse pattern, and showed round and ellipse in shape with a clot and course granular chromatin and visible nueleoic and karyoknesis. Lymphoepithelia lesions were seen. Immunohistochemistry showed that CD3, CD43, and CD 45RO in T-cells NHL were positive.CD20, CD74 and CD79a in B-cells NHL were negative. CK, EMA, ER and PR in NHL were all negative. Conclusion:NHL of breast is extremely rare, and its definite diagnosis depends on various examination methods.

Objective The periacetabular tumor has a low rate of incidence, but its special location poses a challenge to clinical treatment.The aim of this study was to discuss the methods, effects, and complications of surgical treatment of periacetabular tumors. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 36 cases of periacetabular tumor surgically treated in our depart-ment, including 21 males and 15 females, aged 15 to 64 (45.2 ±6.3) years.Among them, there were 8 cases of benign tumor (4 ca-ses of simple bone cyst, 1 case of desmoplastic fibromas, 1 case of osteofibrous dysplasia, and 2 cases of hemangioma) and 28 cases of malignant tumor (5 cases of osteosarcomas, 12 cases of chondrosarcomas, 2 cases of giant cell tumor of the bone, 1 case of malignant chondroblastoma, 2 cases of malignant fibrohistiocytoma, and 5 cases of metastatic tumor of the bone).The benign cases received sim-ple tumor resection plus bone graft and steel plate system internal fixation, while malignant cases underwent reconstruction by combined pedicle screw fixation system with bone cement. Results No patients died perioperatively and controllable complications occurred in 5 cases after operation.All the patients were followed up for 5 to 96 months except for 1 case of benign tumor.None of the benign cases experienced recurrence, and all of them achieved normal hip function.Lung metastases occurred in 10 malignant cases (4 cases of os-teosarcomas and 6 cases of chondrosarcomas) , who died of respiratory failure, and the other 18 remained tumor-free after surgery.Of the 2 patients with malignant fibrohistiocytoma, 1 died 2 years postoperatively and the other survived with tumor.Neither local recur-rence nor lung metastasis was found in the patients with chordoma and malignant chondroblastoma till the end of follow-up.The 5 pa-tients with metastases died within 3 years after operation.At 3 months after surgery, the Harris scores after total hip replacement were >90 in the 7 benign cases, 70-79 in 9 malignant cases, and <70 in the other 19 malignant cases. Conclusion For the treatment of malig-nant tumors, reconstruction by combined pedicle screw fixation system with bone cement does not affect the general daily activities of the pa-tients.Preoperative embolization of the internal iliac artery can reduce bleeding and improve operation safety, and measures should be taken to minimize postoperative complications.

OBJECTIVE To discuss the preventive methods of hepatitis B virus reinfection after liver transplantation. METHODS Eighty eight liver transplantation recipients with HBV-related end-stage liver diseases including chronic fulminant hepatitis B,end-stage liver cirrhosis and liver carcinoma were analyzed retrospectively,and were given lamivudine pre-transplantation to prevent hepatitis B virus reinfection.Post-transplantation medicines of lamivudine were administered in 3 cases;lamivudine and hepatitis B immunoglobulin(HBIg) in 85 cases.The follow-up criteria included serum HBV,HBV-DNA,liver biopsy,immunohistochemical study of liver biopsy specimens and clinical manifestations.All of patients were followed-up 6 months at least.RESULTS Two of the three cases who taken lamivudine developed reinfection,the little time is 6 months following liver transplantation.There were three of eighty five cases taken lamicudine and HBIg(small dosage) developed reinfection.CONCLUSIONS Liver transplantation is an effective treatment for HBV-related end-stage liver diseases.Given lamivudine at the pre-transplantation could reduce the levels of the HBV virus copies.Lamivudine and HBIg post-transplantation offer effective prevention against hepatitis B virus reinfection.