Objective To observe changes of apoptosis and Caspase-12 expression in hippocampus of the rat model of posttraumatic stress disorder ( PTSD ) .Methods Single prolonged stress ( SPS ) was used to duplicate a rat model of PTSD.Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 1, 4, 7 days groups after exposure to SPS and a normal control group.Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe morphologic changes of the hippocampus neurons .The expression of Caspase-12 was detected by immunohistochemistry , Western blotting and RT-PCR.Results After SPS, the hippocampus neurons had characteristic morphologic changes of apoptosis , and the expression of Caspase-12 reached the peak at SPS 4d.Conclusion PTSD activates the ERS-mediated apoptosis in hippocampus via Caspase-12, which may be a pathophysiology base of the atrophy of the hippocampus in PTSD .

Investigate the effect of prestorage white cell filtration on the cytokines content in blood. Methods: Ten units of whole blood was divided into two parts just after blood collection:one was used as control, the other was filtrated by leukoreduction filters. All units were stored at 4℃ for 6 weeks. Immediately after filtration and every week subsequently, samples for analses of IL-2, IL-8 were obtained. Results:The amounts of IL-2 and IL-8 increased during the storage period. In filtered units, the amounts of IL-8 did not increase during the study period, IL-2 still increased but was still lower than that of unfiltered units at the end of storage. Conclusion: Many cytokines, such as IL-2 and IL-8, were generated and accumulated in blood during blood storage. Leukocyte filtration may prevent this effect to some extend. Prestorage filtration may decrease FNHTRs by preventing the accumulation of cytokines in blood.

Objective To observe clinical efficiency of Xuanfei Bujin particles in the treatment of primary Sjogren's syndrome (PSS) and its impact on symptom score, ESR, immunoglobulin, as well as soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM-1). Methods Fifty eight cases of PSS patients were randomly divided into 38 cases of traditional Chinese medicine treatment group and 20 cases of western medicine treatment group. The symptom score, clinical efficiency, ophthalmic examination, sICAM-1, sIL-2R, ESR, immunoglobulin and other changes were observed. Results Total effective rate of Xuanfei Bujin particles treatment group was 84.21%, better than the control group. Xuanfei Bujin particles can significantly reduce dry mouth, dry eyes, and other symptoms of the main points, and improve the inspection of ophthalmology, sICAM-1. Conclusion Xuanfei Bujin particles is safe and efficient, and has certain degree in immune regulation.

Monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) can catalyze the degradation of a variety of amine neurotransmitter,including serotonin.The abnormalities of these neurotransmitter are closely associated with many psychiatric disorders.Studies have found that MAOA is polymorphic,with a low activity variant (MAOA-L),and a high activity variant (MAOA-H).In this review,through the studies of early stress on human and animal models,the effects of early stress and MAOA polymorphism on the behavior and emotional loop of individuals are analyzed.Analysis shows that,MAOA-L,versus MAOA-H,is more plastic.In early adverse environment,MAOA-L will increase the risk of adult violence,and in the early of energetically favorable environment will reduce the incidence of violence.Abnormality is more likely to occur in the emotional processing and cognitive function in the neural affective loop of individuals with MAOA-L,which makes them more environmentally susceptible than those with MAOA-H.

Bacterial Infections ; microbiology ; therapy ; Humans ; Integrative Medicine ; Male ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Middle Aged ; beta-Lactamases ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the satisfaction degree of outpatients on policy of separation of clinical pharmacy from 4 third grade hospitals in Shanghai,and provide reference for promoting medical reform policy. METHODS:Parts of outpatients in the 4 new suburb third grade hospitals were investigated by the questionnaire and interview in Shanghai city,and the data was sta-tistically analyzed by Excel software and SPSS 19.0 software. RESULTS:Totally 400 questionnaires were sent out and 368 were valid with effective recovery of 94.3%. The awareness rate of medical separation policy was 81.3% in the outpatients;55.5% of outpatients thought that medicine cost savings effect was not obvious;the overall satisfaction of patients was 91.6%,and the high-est of satisfaction was the service attitude and the lowest was medical expenses. CONCLUSIONS:Policy of separation of clinical pharmacy has reduced the medical expenses,guided the triage treatment of patients partly and improved the satisfaction of patients. It is suggested to shorten the waiting time by optimizing examination process,strengthen price regulation in drug,standardize pro-duction and distribution process,improve use rate of essential medicines and promote clinical rational drug use for further improve-ment of satisfaction.

It is to investigate the effect of two kinds of Houttuynia Cordata Injection on preventing and treating H1N1 influenza virus infection in mice. Pneumonia model was set up by intranasal infection of the normal and immunocompromised mice with influenza virus FM1 and PR8. The two injections were administered before and after the administration of virus, separately, and the lung index was observed. The results showed that the two preparations have obvious therapeutic effect on normal mice infected with influenza virus FM1 and PR8. And to FM1, the new injection's effect is better at small dosage. The results also showed that the two preparations have obvious prophylactic effect on immunodepressed mice infected with influenza virus FM1 and PR8. And to PR8, the old injection's effect is better at small dosage. Houttuynia Cordata Injection can improve the mice pneumonia caused by influenza virus H1N1 and decrease the lung index markedly. It has a remarkable preventive and therapeutic effect on H1N1 influenza virus in mice.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the content of stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) in myocardium in different period of myocardial infarction and left ventricular function.Methods Twenty three Chinese miniature pigs were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group.The swines in experimental group were prepared as acute myocardial infarction model by ligating anterior descending coronary artery and were randomly divided into 6 subgroups according to the different time points after infarction.The left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVDd),left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular fraction shortening (LVFS) were measured respectively.Global circumferential strain (GCS) and global radial strain (GRS) of left ventricle were measured.The content of SDF-1 were also measured by real-time quantitative PCR.Results Compared with the control group,SDF-1 levels were significantly elevated,and LVEF,LVFS,GCS and GRS were reduced.However,LVDd were significantly increased.The content of SDF-1 and GCS has a negative correlation (r =-0.580,P =0.000).Conclusions The content of SDF-1 in myocardial tissue have a certain relationship with GCS of left ventricular myocardium.

Objective To compare the cerebral protective effect of propofol and sevoflurane combined with sufentanil anesthesia in the patients undergoing valvular surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).Methods Sixty American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients, aged 60-70 yr, scheduled for elective valvular surgery under CPB, were randomly divided into either propofol-based anesthesia group (group PA) or sevoflurane-based anesthesia group (group SA) , with 30 patients in each group.From induction of anesthesia to the end of surgery, group P received targetcontrolled infusion of propofol 0.5-2.0 μg/ml, and group S continuously inhaled 0.5％-2.5％ sevoflurane.Bispectral index value was maintained at 45-55.Immediately after induction (T0), at the end of surgery (T1) , and at 6, 12 and 24 h after surgery (T2-4) , the superior vena cava was retrogradely cannulated for blood sampling, and the concentrations of plasma S-100β protein and neuron-specific enzyme were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results Compared with group SA, the plasma S-100β concentrations at T1,2 and neuron-specific enzyme concentrations at T1-3 were significantly decreased in group PA.Conclusion The cerebral protective effect of propofol combined with sufentanil anesthesia is superior to that of sevoflurane combined with sufentanil anesthesia in the patients undergoing valvular surgery under CPB.