Objective To investigate the preventive effects of aspirin on liver metastases of colorectal cancer in mice and study the mechanisms.Methods Twenty BALB/c mice were divided into the control group and the experimental group according to the random number table with 10 mice in each group.Mice in the control group were fed with saline each day at a concentration of 0.2 mL/d for 60 days,while mice in the aspirin group were fed with aspirin each day at a concentration of 30 μg/(g · d) for 60 days.Then C26 colon cancer cells were injected into the spleen and then the spleen was cut to establish mice model of colon cancer liver metastasis.The C26 colon cancer cells were divided into 2 groups.C26 colon cancer cells in the control group remained untreated,and C26 colon cancer cells in the experimental group were treated with aspirin at a concentration of 10 mmol/L for 24 hours.The scratches and transwell assays were conducted to observe the effects of aspirin on the invasion and metastasis of C26 colon cancer cells.The expressions of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related genes were detected using RT-PCR and Western blot.All data were analyzed using the Student t test.The survival curve was drawn by Kaplan-Meier method,and the survival analysis was done by Log-rank test.Results The numbers and weights of hepatic metastatic tumors were 4.8 ± 1.9 and (504 ± 107) mg in the control group and 2.6 ± 1.6 and (362 ± 67) mg in the experimental group,with significant difference between the 2 groups (t =2.840,3.584,P ＜ 0.05).The 1-month survival rate was 80％ in the experimental group,which was significantly higher than 40％ of the control group (x2=4.418,P ＜ 0.05).The results of pathological examination showed that tumor cell heteromorphism was reduced by aspirin.The results of scratches experiment showed an obvious migration of C26 colon cancer cells in the control group at 24 hours later,while no C26 colon cancer cells migrated in the experimental group.The numbers of C26 colon cancer cells penetrated the Watrige were 253 ± 21 in the control group and 148 ± 13 in the experimental group,with significant difference between the 2 groups (t =5.101,P ＜0.05).The relative mRNA expression of the E-cadherin and the Vimentin were 0.002 ±0.001 and 1.005 ±0.286 in the control group and 0.005 ± 0.001 and 0.270 ± 0.168 in the experimental group,with significant difference between the 2 groups (t =-4.606,4.942,P ＜ 0.05).The relative protein expressions of the E-cadherin and the Vimentin were 0.473 ±0.179 and 0.787 ± 0.118 in the control group and 1.585 ± 0.410 and 0.280 ± 0.133 in the experimental group,with significant difference between the 2 groups (t =-5.542,6.355,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Aspirin inhibits liver metastasis of colon cancer and promote the survival ratio of mice.Aspirin can up-regulate the expression of E-cadherin and down-regulate the expression of Vimentin,which inhibits EMT and reduces the invasion and metastasis of tumor cells.

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of axial diffusion tensor imaging(DTI) for gliomas grading at 3 .0T MRI , analyze the characteristics of different grades gliomas of axial DTI in order to improve diagnostic accuracy .Methods A retrospec‐tive analysis was performed involving a group of 37 cases of high grade glioma and 26 cases of low grade glioma confirmed by the pathological results in affiliated hospital of Luzhou medical college ,observation analysis was obtained in axial DTI ,peritumoral neu‐rofibrillary was divided into three types :displacement ,interruption and neurofibrillary tangles(NFT) .Results among the 26 cases of low grade glioma ,there were 18 cases of displacement ;8 cases of interruption ,no NFT ;among the 37 cases of high grade glio‐mas ,there were 9 cases of displacement ,21 cases of interruption ,and 7 cases of NFT (1 case of frontal lobe ,6 cases of temporal lobe);ordinal variables rank sum test in two independent samples between high grade glioma group and low grade glioma showed significant differences(Z= -3 .756 ,P<0 .05);χ2 test showed no significant difference(P>0 .05) ,frontal lobe appeared NFT in 1 case ,accounting for 2 .7% (1/37) ,temporal lobe appeared NFT in 6 cases ,accounting for 16 .2% (6/37) .Conclusion Peritumoral neurofibrillary of the low grade gliomas more performed displacement ,the high grade gliomas show more interrupts and NFT at 3 .0T MRI ,NFT in high grade gliomas is often seen in the temporal and frontal lobe .

Objective:To combine the detection of serum levels of adenosine deaminase (ADA) and T-cell spot test (T-spot.TB),and to explore their significances in diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods:159 patients suspected with pulmonary tuberculosis were selected and divided into pulmonary tuberculosis group and non-tuberculosis group (n=68);80 healthy people were randonly selected as healthy control group.The serum ADA levels and number of T-spot of the subjects in three groups were detected.Ther serum ADA levels and the positive rates of T-spot.TB in various groups and their sensitivities and specifities were compared. Results:The serum ADA level of the patients in pulmonary tuberculosis gruop was (22.10±6.60)U·L-1;those in non-tuberculosis group and healthy control group were (16.90±6.35)and (8.70±5.98)U·L-1;the serum ADA level in pulmonary tuberculosis group was significantly higher than those in non-tuberculosis group and heathy control group (P<0.05).The positive rate of serum ADA level in diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis was 56% and the T-spot.TB positive rate in diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis was 87.9%. Combined use of parallel test, the detection sensitivity was 91.2%;using the series of joint tests,the specificity was 94.6%.Conclusion:Combined detection of serum level of ADA and T-spot.TB can significantly improve the clinical diagnosis efficacy of pulmonary tuberculosis.

Objective To detect the expression of aquaporin 1 in pancreas of rats with acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) and to study the effect of Dachengqi decoction on it.MethodsOne hundred and sixty male SD rats were randomly divided into control group ( C group,n =32 ),ANP group ( n =32),Dexamethasone group (De group,n =32),Acetazolamide group (A group,n =32) and Dachengqi decoction group (DD group,n =32).ANP model was induced by retrograde injection of 5％ sodium taurocholate into the biliary and pancreatic duct.Rats in De group received dexamethasone (4 mg/kg) intravenously after ANP induction; while rats in A group received 1 ml acetazolamide via gastric lavage 2 h before ANP induction; rats in DD group received 2 ml Dachengqi decoction via gastric lavage 48,24,2h before ANP induction; rats in C group received laparotomy.Eight rats in each group were sacrificed at 3 h,6 h,12 h and 18h after induction of ANP models.Quantity of ascites and levels of serum amylases were measured.Pathological changes in pancreas tissue were detected by HE and electron microscope.Capillary permeability in pancreas tissue was detected by Evans Blue (EB) extravasations method.AQP1 expression in pancreas tissue was detected by real-time PCR and Western blotting.ResultsLevels of serum amylase in ANP group was significantly higher,and the pancreatic injuries were obvious ; the levels of serum amylase in De group and DD group was lower than that in ANP group,and the pancreatic injuries were attenuated.The levels of serum amylase in A group were higher than that in ANP group,and the pancreatic.injuries were more severe than that in ANP group.Six hours after ANP induction,the levels of EB in pancreas were (13.44 ±2.56),(126.35 ± 14.80),(86.31 ± 14.46),( 108.99 ± 15.07 ),(78.29 ± 16.85 ) mg/L In C group,ANP group,De group,A group and DD group,and the expression of AQP1 mRNA in pancreatic tissue was ( 170.07 ± 22.48 ) ％,( 83.93 ± 8.98 ) ％,( 117.09 ±10.70 ) ％,( 69.00 ± 8.98 ) ％,( 112.82 ± 11.79 ) ％ ; and the expression of AQP1 protein was 0.23 ± 0.06,0.10 ±0.02,0.32 ±0.03,0.13 ±0.02,0.45 ±0.04.The content of EB in ANP group was higher than that in C group,while the expression of AQP1 mRNA and protein in ANP group was significantly lower than that in C group (P ＜ 0.05 ).The content of EB in De group and DD group was significantly lower than that in ANP group,while the expression of AQP1 mRNA and protein was significantly higher than that in ANP group (P ＜ 0.05).ConclusionsAQP1 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of capillary endothelial barrier dysfunction in rats with ANP.Dachengqi Decoction can attenuate pancreatic injuries of rats by regulating the expression of AQP1.

BackgroundRecent researches suggested that properties of neurons in the lateral geniculate neuron (LGN) may represent an important neural limitation on the development of basic spatial and temporal vision,and even binocular rivalry.However,previous studies on the properties of spatiotemporal frequency tuning of LGN were rather concentrated on a monkey or cat,whereas little is known about rat.ObjectiveThis study was to examine the development of spatiotemporal frequency tuning in rats LGN.MethodsTwenty Wistar rats were collected and divided into 14-16 day,20-22 day,27-30 day and 60 day groups according to the different ages after their eyes opened and 5 rats were assigned for each group.Extracellular single neuron recording was carried out in the rats to study the spatio-temporal receptive field properties of neurons in LGN by sinusoidal gratings visual stimuli.Dynamic changes of the spatio-temporal receptive field properties of neurons in LGN with the development of Wistar rats were evaluated.ResultsThe differences between band-pass and low-pass distribution of temporal frequency or spatial frequency of rat LGN were not statistically significant (x2 =0.68,0.47,P＞0.05 ).The optimal temporal frequency of receptive field in rat LGN went up to the maximum value until 60 day in Wistar rats.The mean optimal temporal frequencies of neurons in the four different age groups were ( 2.5 ± 1.3 ),( 2.6± 1.2),(2.6± 1.1 ) and ( 3.6± 1.1 ) Hz with significant differences among the 4 groups (F=4.53,P＜0.05 ),and those in the 14-16 day group,20-22 day group,27- 30 day group were significantly lower than in the 60 days group ( q =4.43,4.10,4.03,P ＜ 0.05 ).No significant differences were seen among the 14-16 day group,20-22 day group and 27-30 day group ( P＞0.05 ).The optimal spatial frequency values in the four groups were ( 0.04 ± 0.04 ),( 0.04 ± 0.03 ),( 0.05 ± 0.03 ),( 0.05 ± 0.04 ) cpd,respectively without statistical difference among them ( F =0.58,P ＞ 0.05 ).The temporal and spatial bandwidth values in the various age groups were not statistically significant among the four groups ( F =0.37,1.22,P＞0.05). Conclusions The development of temporal and spatial frequency characteristics of the rat LGN receptive field may be related to its functional visual pathway.

A reasonable and practicable quality standard was developed for mori liquid extract from different sources by TLC, HPLC and fingerprint technology. In TLC method, the compounds were separated on polyamide film using glacial acetic acid-water (1: 3) as mobile phase at a UV wavelength of 365 nm. All qualified samples had the spots of the same color as the control herb and substance. The RP-HPLC method was used to determine the content of mulberroside A with mobile phase of methanol-water (25: 75) at a wave-length of 326 nm. The mulberroside A was in good linear with a regression equation of Y = 46.965X (r = 0.999 6) in the range of 4.6 - 228 mg x L(-1). In 14 batches of samples, the mulberroside A in 4 batches of them was less than 0.5 g x L(-1), and was more than 2.0 g x L(-1) in the other batches. It was suggested that the content limit of mulberroside A should be no less than 1.5 g x L(-1). The HPLC fingerprints were evaluated by the similarities. It has found that the similarities of different mori liquid extracts were very low and the chemical diversity of mori cortex was the major factor of similarity. Moreover, the process impact was minimal. Thus the fingerprint was not included in this quality standard.
China ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Disaccharides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; standards ; Morus ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Stilbenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

Objective To investigate the effects of dietary consumption of monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) on the control of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods One hundred and eighty-five patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus from a community in Shanghai were randomly divided into MUFA intervention group (MUFA group,n=125) and control group (n=60). The patients in MUFA group consumed tea oil enriched in MUFA for 3 months,while those in control group consumed normal oil. The serum glucose (fasting plasma glucose and 2-hour postprandial glucose),fasting insulin and blood lipid were examined before intervention and three months after intervention,and the parameters were compared within groups and between groups. Results The serum fasting glucose,fasting insulin,total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol 3 months after intervention were significantly lower than those before intervention in MUFA group (P0.05),while the serum fasting glucose,total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol in MUFA group were significantly lower than those in control group 3 months after intervention (P0.05). Conclusion Dietary consumption of MUFA can improve the glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective To study the telomerase activity,the keratinocyte apoptosis in condyloma ac-cuminatum(CA)and the correlation between them.Methods CA specimens from30patients were stud-ied,and compared with normal tissue and tumor cell lines.Telomerase activity was detected with telomeric repeat amplification polymerase chain reaction(TRAP)-ELISA.Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase(TdT)-mediated biotin dUTP nick end-labeling(TUNEL)was used to evaluate apoptotic cells.Results Increased telomerase activity was detected in27(90%)patients with CA,with A 450 ranging between0.50and2.76(mean1.3022).Apoptotic keratinocytes were found in24out of30CA cases(80%).A statistically signifi-cant inverse correlation was found between telomerase activity and apoptotic index(r =-0.52,P=0.004).Conclusion Keratinocyte telomerase is activated in condyloma acuminata,which is correlated with the downregulation of apoptosis,thus they might be involved in the pathogenesis of CA.

Inositol requiring enzyme 1 alpha (IRE1α), a widespread transmembrane protein in mammals, is an endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) receptor. Among the three signaling pathways of the unfolded protein response (UPR), the IRE1α pathway is the most conservative. And there is a growing body of evidence that the occurrence and development of tumors is closely related to the over-expression of IRE1α. Therefore, the study of the IRE1α inhibitors is of great significance to the discovery of new anti-tumor drugs and has been attracting more and more attention. In the hope of providing ideas for the research of targeting IRE1α for cancer therapy, this paper reviewed the data of representative IRE1α inhibitors, including inhibitory activity, the mechanism of action, structural characteristics, and so on.

OBJECTIVETo establish osteoblast model, primary cilla model was removed by chloral hyrate, observe effects of osteoblast primary cilla moved on enhancing ALP staining and calcified nodules staining in electromagnetic field.

METHODSThree 3-day-old male SD rats weighed between 6 and 9 g were killed, cranial osteoblast was drawed and adherencing cultured respectively. Cells were subcultured and randomly divided into 4 groups until reach to fusion states. The four groups included chloral hydrate non-involved group (control group), 2 mM, 4 mM and 8 mM chloral hydrate group, and cultured in 37 °C, 5% CO2 incubator for 72 h. Morphology of primary cilla was observed by laser confocal scanning microscope, and incidence of osteoblast primary cilia was analyzed by Image-Pro Plus 6.0 software. Cells in the correct concentration group which can removed cillia most effectively were selected and divided into 3 groups, including control group (C), Electromagnetic fields group (EMFs), and EMFs with 4 mM chloral hydrate group. DMEM nutrient solution contained 10%FBS were added into three groups and cultured for 9 days and formation of ALP were observed by histochemical staining of alkaline phosphatase. After 12 days' cultivation, formation of mineralization nodes was observed by alizarin red staining.

RESULTSCompared with control group and 2mM chloral hydrate group,4 mM chloral hydrate group could effectively remove osteoblast primary cilla (P<0.01). Removal of osteoblast primary cilla could weaken the formation of ALP and mineralization nodes in osteoblast in EMFS. Compared with EMFs group, the area of ALP and mineralization nodes in EMFs with 4 mM chloral hydrate group were decreased obviously (P<0.01).

CONCLUSION4mM chloral hydrate could effectively remove osteoblast primary cilia. Primary cilla participate in EMFs promoting formation of ALP and mineralization nodes in osteoblast and provide new ideas for exploring mechanism of EMFs promoting osteoblast maturation and mineralization.

Alkaline Phosphatase ; metabolism ; Animals ; Cell Culture Techniques ; instrumentation ; methods ; Cells, Cultured ; Chloral Hydrate ; pharmacology ; Cilia ; drug effects ; enzymology ; physiology ; Male ; Osteoblasts ; cytology ; enzymology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley