Objective:To investigate the stability of Zhiling Liumiao oral liquids. Methods: The active ingredients in Zhiling Li-umiao oral liquids were determined by HPLC, and the identification was studied by TLC. Meanwhile, the other indices including char-acter, relative density, pH and microbial limit were determined as well. Results:The active ingredients in Zhiling Liumiao oral liquids could be influenced by strong light, while the changes were within the range of the quality standards, and the samples were stable in the accelerated test and long-term test. Conclusion:The designs of preparation process and package are rational to keep the stability of the preparation. The shelf time may be set at 12 months.

Procalcionin ( PCT) is a soluble protein liberated into the circulation of patients in response to severe systemic in-fection, in particular by bacterial infection.It is used as the most accurate biomarker for the diagnosis of sepsis.This review briefly de-scribes the induction of PCT, the comparison of PCT and other markers of sepsis, the application of PCT measurement in confirmation or exclusion of diagnosis of sepsis, the assessment of severity and treatment effectiveness of systemic infection, the application of PCT in guiding individual and specific treatment of antibiotics, and the anormaly situation of elevated levels of PCT in patients who do not have sepsis.

Objective To evaluate PBL teaching results in medical virology experiment course. Methods Medical students of class 2011 were randomized assigned into PBL group (n=45, 20 five-academic-year students and 25 seven-academic year students) and control group (n=63, 38 five-academic-year students and 25 seven-academic year students). Teaching effectiveness was evaluated by scores of experiment, medical virology examination and final examination. PBL group was surveyed with questionnaire. SPSS statistical software was used and t test was employed to do analysis. Results Scores in medical virology examination were higher in seven-academic-year students in PBL group than in control group and there was no difference in other two examination scores between the two groups. Survey showed that interest motivation, case analysis, experiment design and knowledge grasp-ing in PBL group were highly satisfied. However, evidence-based and generalization ability among seven-academic-year students as well as autonomous learning ability and ability to deduce material among five-academic-year students were not completed satisfied. Conclusions PBL with public health events in medical virology experiment course can develop students' intrinsic motivation, knowledge grasping and public health awareness. However, PBL methods should be adjusted to suit different academic students.

Humans ; Language Development Disorders ; complications ; Presbycusis ; complications

Animals ; Diet, High-Fat ; Glucagon ; blood ; Glucose ; metabolism ; Hormones ; blood ; Insulin ; blood ; Leptin ; blood ; Lipid Metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To study the effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation(TEAS) on endtidal concentration of sevoflurane in upper abdominal operation.Methods The use of prospective,randomized,blinded principles.A total of 50 patients underwent selective epigastric operations with ASA Ⅰ - Ⅱ were randomly divided into group A(25 cases) and B(25 cases).In group A,TEAS was performed and sevoflurane was inhaled during operation.In group B,only sevoflurane was inhaled and TEAS was not performed during operation.Electrical stimulation on Nei-guan,He-gu and Zu-sanli was performed for 30min before induction of anesthesia in group A and meanwhile patients in group B were waiting for 30min in operating room.After intubation,in group A,TEAS was performed persistently and sevoflurane was inhaled,meanwhile remifentanil was infused persistently during operation.In group B,only sevoflurane was inhaled and remifentanil was infused persistently during operation.At time points:before TEAS( T0 ),skin incision( T1 ),exploratory laparotomy( T2 ),30min after exploratory laparotomy ( T3 ),60min after exploratory laparotomy( T4 ),blood glucose and angiotensin Ⅱ were measured,recorded 10min after the start of surgery,once for each end-tidal sevoflurane concentration.Results End-tidal concentration of sevoflurane of group A ( 1.4 ± 0.2 ) ％,was significantly lower than group B( 1.9 ± 0.4 ) ％ ( t =3.147,P ＜ 0.01 ).Cortisol and angiotensin Ⅱ were increased at T1 and T2 compared with T0 in both groups(F =2.256,2.432,2.132,2.334,all P＜0.05).Cortisol and angiotensin Ⅱwere decreased in group A compared with in group B at T1 ～T4(t =2.159,2.232,2.453,2.602,al1 P ＜0.05).Conclusion TEAS can decrease end-tidal concentration of sevoflurane and stress response.TEAS combined with sevoflurane has synergistic effect on general anesthesia.

Objective To evaluate the effects of dexmedetomidine on the expression of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and TLR4 in monocytes of blood during the perioperative period in the patients undergoing pulmonary lobectomy.Methods Fifty patients of both sexes, aged 40-64 yr, with body mass index of 20-24 kg/m2 , of ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ , scheduled for elective pulmonary lobectomy under general anesthesia, were randomized into 2 groups (n =25 each) using a random number table: control group (group C) and dexmedetomidine group (group D).In group D, dexmedetomidine was infused intravenously at dose of 1.0 μg/kg over 10 min before induction of anesthesia, followed by continuous infusion at a rate of 0.3 μg · kg-1 · h-1 until 30 min before the end of operation, while the equal volume of normal saline was given in group C.After admission to the operating room, at 1.5 h after beginning of operation, at the end of operation, and at 12 and 24 h after operation, blood samples were taken for blood gas analysis, and for determination of the expression of TLR2 and TLR4 in monocytes.Oxygenation index was calculated.The consumption of propofol and remifentanil and pulmonary complications within 48 h after operation were recorded.Results Compared with group C, the expression of TLR2 and TLR4 in monocytes of venous blood was significantly down-regulated, oxygenation index was increased, and the incidence of pulmonary complications after operation was decreased in group D (P＜0.05).Conclusion The mechanism by which dexmedetomidine attenuates acute lung injury is associated with down-regulation of TLR2 and TLR4 expression in monocytes of blood in the patients undergoing pulmonary lobectomy.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of coding gene of Sj26, Sj32 and Sj14-3-3 amplified by PCR for chronic Schistosomiasis japonica. Methods The DNA was extracted from sera of 40 patients with chronic Schistosomiasis japonica, the coding gene of Sj26, Sj32 and Sj14-3-3 was amplified by PCR and identified by 1.2% agarose gel electrophoresis. DNA from the sera of 21 patients with Clonorchiasis sinensis, 13 patients with Parogonimiasis westermani and 43 healthy donors was taken as control. Results A total of 399 bp coding gene of Sj14-3-3 was amplified successfully from sera of the patients with chronic Schistosomiasis japonica,but Sj26(676 bp) and Sj32( 1270 bp) coding gene were not obtained. Control groups were all negative. Conclusions Sj14-3-3 coding gene amplified by PCR can be used for genetic diagnosis of chronic schistosomiasis.

Objective To study the diagnostic value of rSj26-Sj32-IgG-ELISA for acute schistosomiasis japonica. Methods Purified rSj26-Sj32 fusion protein and crude Schistosoma japonicum antigen (SjAWA)were used to establish IgG-ELISA to detect serum of patients with acute schistosomiasis, and clonorchiasis sinensis,paragonimiasis westermani, alveolar echinococcosis, cystic echinococcosis, type B hepatitis, lung tuberculosis patients and healthy human serum were used as control. Results The sensitivity and specialty were 90.00%(45/50) ,97.67% (42/43) and 92.00% (46/50),97.67% (42/43) in detection of acute schistosomiasis japonica with rSj26-Sj32and SjAWA, respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant(x2 were both 0.0, all P ＞0.05). The serum cross-reaction reactivity was 20.00%(2/10) in patients with alveolar echinococcosis with SjAWA,but no cross-reaction with rSj26-Sj32, the difference was not statistically significant(x2 = 0.5, P ＞ 0.05). The serum cross-reactivity were 14.29% (3/21 ), 7.69% (1/13) and 19.05% (4/21 ), 7.69% (1/13) among patients with clonorchiasis sinensis and paragonimiasis westermani by rSj26-Sj32 and SjAWA, but no cross reaction with type B hepatitis and lung tuberculosis patients, the difference was not statistically significant (x2 were both 0.0, all P ＞ 0.05). The positive predictive value, the negative predictive value and the diagnostic efficiency with acute schistosomiasis japonicum by rSj26-Sj32-IgG-ELISA and SjAWA-IgG-ELISA were 97.83% (45/46),89.36% (42/47),93.55% (87/93)and 97.87% (46/47),91.30% (42/46),94.62% (88/93), respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant (x2 were both 0.0, all P ＞ 0.05). Conclusion rSj26-Sj32 fusion protein can be used for the immune diagnosis of acute schistosomiasis japonica.

Objective To investigate the role of self-made auxiliary device in pelvic tumor radiotherapy with phantom immobilization using Varian cone-beam CT (CBCT).Methods A total of 50 patients with pelvic tumor were enrolled and randomly divided into study group and control group according to the order of enrollment.The patients in the study group were immobilized with thermoplastic phantom and self-made auxiliary device,and those in the control group were immobilized with thermoplastic phantom.CBCT scan and online matching were regularly performed before radiotherapy to obtain the setup errors of the left-right (x),cranial-caudal (y),and anterior-posterior (z) directions.The independent-samples t-test was used for comparison between groups.Results The set-up errors in the x-,y-,and z-directions in the study group were 1.56± 1.00 mm,1.60± 1.29 mm,and 1.36± 1.00 mm,respectively,and those in the control group were 1.76±1.33 mm,2.76±1.69 mm,and 1.92±0.91 mm,respectively (P=0.551,0.009,and 0.043).Conclusions Self-made auxiliary device helps to eliminate the errors in the cranial-caudal direction and solve the problem of involuntary activities of the lower limbs.