Objective Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignancies with high incidence rate. Due to the progress made in diagnostic and therapeutic techniques, even about 30%～50% of patients with no evidence of metastasis on the time of diagnosis have recurrences. The present study is to investigate the carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA) mRNA,CEA protein expression in blood and to evaluate its clinical significance. Methods Peripheral blood samples were collected from 60 patients with colorectal cancer and 40 patients with colorectal polyp and 40 healthy volunteers. CEA mRNA was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and serum CEA was detected by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results The positive rate of CEA mRNA expression in blood samples of 60 patients with colorectal cancer was 68.3%. And one of the healthy volunteers was positive. But three of the 40 patients with colorectal polyp(7.5%) were positive. The positive rate increased with the pathological staging and liver metastasis, but there were no significant relations between the rate and the malignant extent of cell differentiation. Conclusion The expression of CEA mRNA in peripheral blood cells correlates with the pathological staging and liver metastasis of colorectal cancer, and it may be one of potential uses to monitor the micrometastases of tumor. In order to discover the precancerous change,we can detect CEA mRNA expression in blood with polyp of colon.

Objective To investigate the activation characteristics (contraction velocity, force and anti-fatigue) of the vastus medialis (VM), rectus femoris (RF) and vastus lateralis (VL) by using surface electromyogram (sEMG) during isometric and isokinetic quadriceps femoris force tests in knee osteoarthritis. Methods The participants included an observation group (n=34) and a control group (n=34).The age, height, body weight, gender, dominant side and Q angle were matched between the two groups. The participants' quadriceps femoris force and sEMG of VM, RF and VL were tested in isometric knee extension at knee joint angles of 10°, 60°, 100° and isokinetic knee extension at velocities of 60°/s and 180°/s. Comparisons were made for recruitment rate, average amplitude, peak torque/bodyweight ratio, index of fatigue by independent-group t-test, with the alpha level set at 0.05 for significant differences between groups.Results ①Recruitment rate of VM in isometric contraction at 60° and isokinetic contraction at 60°/s and 180°/s, RF in isometric contraction at 60° and isokinetic contraction at 60°/s and VL in isometric contraction at 10°and 100° and isokinetic contraction at 60°/s were all significantly slower in the observation group than that in the control group(P<0.05). ②The average amplitudes of VM, RF in isokinetic contraction at 60°/s and 180°/s and RF, VL in isometric contraction at 10° were significantly higher in the observation group than that in the control group(P<0.05). ③Peak torque/bodyweight ratio of quadriceps was significantly lower in the observation group than that in the control group in isometric contraction at 10°, 60°, 100° and isokinetic contraction at 60°/s and 180°/s(P<0.05). ④In isokinetic contraction at 180°/s the index of fatigue was significantly higher in the observation group than that in the control group (P<0.05).Conclusion A significant decreasing contraction velocity and force, increasing anti-fatigue of the vastus medialis, rectus femoris and vastus lateralis were found in knee osteoarthritis patients when compared with healthy subjects.

Objective: To investigate the effects of preconditioning with lithium on the expressions of HSP70 in gerbil after global ischemia. Methods: The transient ischemia model of gerbil global was established by clamping the bilateral common carotid arteries for 5 min.36 gerbils were randomly divided into group lithium(n=18) and group control(n=18).Gerbils in group lithium were injected with lithium intraperitoneally,5 mmol/kg,once a day for 5 consecutive days.Normal saline was used instead of lithium in group control as vehicle control.Both group lithium and control underwent ischemia after preconditioning,and were then further divided into three subgroups(n=6,in each subgroup).The garbles in lithium 1 or control 1 subgroup were sacrificed 1 day after ischemi;lithium 3 or control 3 sacrificed in 3 days;and lithium 7 or control 7 were sacrificed in 7 days.The brains were made into paraffin sections and were used for immunohistochemistry against HSP70. Results: Compared with the vehicle control,the HSP70 expression in subgroup lithium1 was inhibited in the hippocampus CA1(P

Doctor's degree is the highest degree for medical education.Nowadays,medical doctor candidates in more and more medical universities are requested to publish research papers in intemational journals embodied in Science Citation Index(SCI),or they can not graduate with doctor's degree.So,it is significant for medical doctor candidates to learn the related knowledge about SCI and Impact Factor(IF).

Objective: To study the extraction process of the total flavones of Pollen Typhae ( Typha angustifolia L.). Methods: The optimum extraction process was selected with the orthogonal design. The content of total flavones was determined by UV spectrophotometry. Results: The significant effects of alcohol concentration, extraction time and extraction times on the extraction of total flavones were discovered. Conclusion: The optimum extraction process was as follows: Pollen Typhae was extracted with 70% alcohol for 3 times, with the solvent volume 8, 6, 6 times amount and extraction time 60, 60, 30 minutes in turn.

Objective:To find out the coefficients of garlic oil by Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE). Methods: Cutting, squeezing fermentation and fermentation and ethanol extraction of garlic were respectively as pretreatments and then the use of supercritical carbon dioxide as an extraction and given garlic oil was analysed by means of IR. Result: Garlic oil can be directly extracted by SFE and its best operation condition was under the pressure of 15 MPa and at 40 ?C extractability of garlic oil was up to 44.57% . Conclusion: Fermentation and ethanol extraction method is a best one for garlic oil obtained.

ObjectiveTo compare the coordination characteristic of the vastus medialis (VM), rectus femoris (RF) and vastus lateralis (VL) between patients with knee osteoarthritis and healthy subjects. Methods34 patients with knee osteoarthritis and 34 controls with normal knee were tested in isometric knee extension at knee joint angles of 10°, 60°, 100° flexion and isokinetic knee extension at velocities of 60°/s and 180°/s. Surface electromyogram (EMG) was recorded in the VM, RF and VL. The activation sequence of muscles and VM/VL EMG ratio were analyzed. ResultsThe VM started significantly later than the VL in isokinetic contraction at 180°/s in patients compared with the controls (P<0.05), and the VM/VL EMG ratio decreased in isometric contraction with knee extension at 10° (P<0.05). ConclusionThe coordination of the vastus medialis, rectus femoris and vastus lateralis decreases in the knee osteoarthritis patients.

This study aimed to summarize the diagnosis and treatment of uncommon complications in esophageal and cardiac cancer operations as well as obtain lessons from the failure. Methods:The etiology, clinical diagnosis, treatment, prevention measures, and factors that contribute to the failure of the uncommon complications were analyzed retrospectively. Results: Results showed ten cured cases and eight death cases (except for the reported eight cases). Conclusion:The following conclusions were ob-tained. 1) The complications described in this paper were rare, but they sometimes occur clinically. If wrong treatment was taken, seri-ous consequences would be expected. 2) Once a jet-like bleeding of aortic esophagus avulsion injury occurs, the surgeon must be calm and take proper treatment to successfully patch up the wounds. 3) The right thoracic approach is a new approach to prevent the injury of azygos vein. 4) Patients with anastomotic stoma fistula easily cause a delay in diagnosis if the leakage was wrapped in the inferior phrenic. 5) Taking preventive measures is the key method for the anastomotic aortoesophageal fistula. 6) Occurrence of pulmonary em-bolism after operation should be monitored. 7) Thoracic gastric mediastinal hernia would cause serious consequences if treatment was not taken at a proper time.

Objective: To study the adscription of plasma effective constituents of rat after oral administration of alkaloid fraction of Nelumbo nucifera.Methods: Based on the established HPLC analytical method of plasma effective constituents,analysis and comparison were carried out among HPLC profi les of plasma samples obtained after oral administration of alkaloid fraction of Nelumbo nucifera,blank plasma,alkaloid fraction of Nelumbo nucifera.Results: Sixteen compounds were detected under the method,three of them were architypes of compound contained in alkaloid fraction of Nelumbo nucifera,and the others were metabolites.Through the comparison of the UV spectra,seven metabolites remain essential structure because the max wavelength was same to the architypes’,the other six metabolites’ structure changed greatly.Conclusion: Through the study of the adscription of plasma effective constituents of rat after oral administration of alkaloid fraction of Nelumbo nucifera,the structure of metabolites can be conjectured,which may be helpful to study the ADME and mechanism of action.

Objective:To establish a method for controlling the quality of the stilbene fraction of Polygonum multiflorum T hunb. Methods: The contents of total stilbene and 2,3,5,4,-tetrahydroxy-stilbene-2-O-?-D-glucoside were determined by UV and HPLC respectively. Results: As a reference, 2,3,5,4,-tetrahydroxy-stilbene-2-O-?-D-glucoside had a good linear relationship in the range of 3.04-15.20?g/ml and 0.1032-0.6192?g, the linear regression equation was Y=0.0588X+0.0026(r=0.9998) and Y=3614089.84X+14475.21(r=0.9997), the average recovery was 99.95% with RSD=2.11%(n=6)and 100.08% with RSD=2.83%(n=6)for the determination of total stilbene and 2,3,5,4,-tetrahydroxy-stilbene-2-O-?-D-glucoside respectively. Conclusion: The determination results of 3 batches of sample showed that the method was simple, convenient and accurate, and could be used for the quality control of the stilbene fraction of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.