Adult ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mouth Mucosa ; drug effects ; Phytotherapy ; Recurrence ; Stomatitis, Aphthous ; drug therapy

OBJECTIVEThis study was designed to investigate the prevalence, clinical characteristics and outcome of upper respiratory infection (URI) caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) in children.

METHODSPharyngeal cultures for MP antibody were performed in 960 children with acute URI. The samples were randomly collected from the outpatient room or emergency room (Observed group). Of the Observed group, there were 232 cases under 1 year of age, and the remainder, were between 1-12 years old. The samples from 100 healthy children aged from 6 months to 12 years were used as the Control group. The prevalence of MP infection between the two groups was compared. The clinical manifestations and the outcome between the patients with MP positive and negative were compared.

RESULTSMP antibody was positive in 31.7% (304/960) of the Observed group but only 9.0% (9/100) in the Control group (P < 0.05). The URI patients under 1 year of age had a lower positive rate of MP than those over 1 year old (P < 0.05). Coughs and tonsillitis were more common (P < 0.05), but catarrh, gastroenteritic symptoms, herpes, and tetter were rare (P < 0.01) in URI patients with MP positive compared with those with MP negative. Pneumonia developed in 14.8% of the patients with MP positive but only 7.0% in those with MP negative (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSMP is one of the main pathogens of acute URI in children. Acute pharyngotonsillitis symptoms are predominately presented in children with MP infection. MP infection was commonly seen in children over 1 year old and they are prone to develop pneumonia.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae ; isolation & purification ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; microbiology

OBJECTIVETo study the content variation of triptolide in medicinal material of Tripterygium and provide theoretical basis for the hereditary improvement, the gathering and process, the quality evaluation and the provenance division in medicinal material of Tripterygium.

METHODHPLC method was used to determine the content of triptolide.

RESULTThe relations between triptolide and germplasm, growth year, gathering season were found out basically.

CONCLUSIONThe triptolide contents in xylem are affected by hereditary factors remarkably. While the triptolide contents in phloem are not affected obviously. The accumulation of triptolide needs the certain growth years. However when growth is beyond certain years, the triptolide content decreases with the disintegration of secondary metabolism in xylem. The triptolide in xylem is highest in winter and decreasing in growing season. The triptolide in phloem is less affected by the season.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Diterpenes ; analysis ; metabolism ; Ecosystem ; Epoxy Compounds ; analysis ; metabolism ; Phenanthrenes ; analysis ; metabolism ; Plant Roots ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Seasons ; Species Specificity ; Time Factors ; Tripterygium ; anatomy & histology ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Xylem ; chemistry

The "Medium and Long-term Plan for the Prevention and Control of Chronic Non-communicable Diseases in Shanghai (2018-2030)" was officially released in August 2018.From the perspective of public health, this paper analyzes the background of the plan from the epidemic situation, response and challenges Shanghai City is facing, expounds the comprehensive prevention and control system of chronic diseases including four functional systems, and explains the key preventive and control measures on the different stages of chronic diseases, comparing the evaluation indicators with those of the national plan.This paper will help to better understand the new blueprint for the prevention and control of chronic diseases in Shanghai in the next ten years.

This study was aimed to detect the expression level of cmtm 5 (CKLF-like MARVEL transmembrane domain containing member 5) gene in the bone marrow cells from patients with multiple myeloma (MM), and to investigate the correlation between the expression level of cmtm5 and various clinical characteristics. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RQ-RT-PCR) was used to measure the expression levels of cmtm5 gene in the bone marrow cells collected from MM patients, and the MM cell lines, namely, RPMI8226 and CZ1 cells. The normal donor marrow specimens were used as the reference. The ratio of cmtm5 copy number to abl (Abelson murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog) gene copy number was used for indicating the expression level. The results showed that the expression level of cmtm5 gene was significantly down-regulated in bone marrow cells of 51 untreated or relapsed/refractory MM patient as compared to those of normal donor marrow cells (0.047+/-0.062 for the untreated or relapsed/refractory MM patients versus 0.255+/-0.333 for the normal, p<0.01). According to the International Staging System (ISS), the cmtm5 expression level in marrow cells of patients in ISS III stage was significantly lower than that in patients in ISS I stage (0.034+/-0.034 for the ISS III stage versus 0.103+/-0.109 for ISSI stage, p<0.01). Similarly, lower expression levels of cmtm5 gene were also found in two human MM cell lines (0.014+/-0.009 for RPMI8226 cells and 0.004+/-0.006 for CZ1 cells). After the MM patients were effectively treated, their expression levels of cmtm5 gene significantly increased (0.020+/-0.005 for the untreated patients versus 0.227+/-0.038 for the effectively treated patients, p<0.01). A significant negative correlation was observed between the expression level of cmtm5 gene and the number of bone marrow plasma cells (r=-0.307, p<0.05). However, the correlation was not found between the expression level of cmtm5 gene and the clinical characteristics, such as gender, age, hemoglobin level, or M-protein level, etc. It is concluded that the expression level of cmtm5 gene is abnormally lower in the bone marrow cells from the MM patients, and are associated with ISS stages. Furthermore, the expression level of cmtm5 gene is negatively correlated with the number of bone marrow abnormal plasma cells in MM patients, which suggests that the abnormally lower expression of cmtm5 may be involved in the pathogenesis of the MM patients.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Marrow Cells ; metabolism ; pathology ; Case-Control Studies ; Chemokines ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; MARVEL Domain-Containing Proteins ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Neoplasm Staging ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of capecitabine as first-line therapy in patients with advanced and recurrent colorectal cancer.

METHODSFrom December 2000 to November 2001, sixty patients with advanced and recurrent colorectal cancer received first-line capecitabine treatment given at a dose of 1250 mg/m(2) twice daily, on days 1 - 14 every 21 days. At least 2 cycles were administered.

RESULTSThe overall response rate was 23.3% with 14 PR, 24 SD (40.0%) and 15 PD. The median survival time was 14.7 months. The survival rate was 63.9% at 12-months and 33.4% at 24-months. Grade III-IV adverse effects were diarrhea in 4 patients (6.6%), anemia in 2 (3.3%) and hand-foot syndrome (HFS) in 1 (1.7%); Grade I-II adverse effects were hyperpigmentation in 20 (33.3%), HFS in 18 (30.0%) and diarrhea in 10 (16.7%).

CONCLUSIONCapecitabine is an efficacious and better-tolerated alternative treatment for the patients with advanced and recurrent colorectal cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic ; therapeutic use ; Capecitabine ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; mortality ; Deoxycytidine ; adverse effects ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Fluorouracil ; analogs & derivatives ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Survival Rate