Antiviral Agents ; pharmacology ; Hepatitis B virus ; drug effects ; Interferons ; pharmacology

Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant gastrointestinal tumors with a high mortality in China. However, the pathogenesis of gastric cancer is not clear. Recently, with the development of cancer stem cell research, more and more studies have been focused on the gastric cancer stem cell. In this review, we will discuss the conception and the study status of the gastric cancer stem cells in addition to the treatment for the cancer stem cell.

Objectives:To evaluate the effect of partial parenteral nutrition(PPN) with fat emulsion on liver function and energy metabolism in patients with liver cirrhosis. Methods:67 cirrhotic patients were divided into two groups randomly and given PPN with(group 1, 33 cases) or without(group 2, 34 cases)fat emulsion for two weeks separately.Their liver function test,fasting blood glucose(FGB) and insulin(Ins) and postprandial blood glucose at 2nd hour (PPBG 2 h),lipid metabolism and arteral ketone body ratio(AKBR) were examined respectively before and after PPN. Results:Having been given PPN for two weeks,ALT and TB levels were decreased in group 1( P 0.05 ). Alb level was decreased in group 2( P 0.05). TG,CH and PL levels were normal in group 1( P 0.05).AKBR was increased in group 1( P

Objective To investigate the role of mutation of insulin receptor(IR) gene on the development of ischemic cerebral vascular disease.Methods The base variations at exon 17 and 20 of IR gene, by means of PCR SSCP were determined in the 68 cases of atherothrombotic cerebral infarction (ACI), 81 cases of lacunar infarction (LI) and 62 healthy controls.Results There were two alleles of T and C at exon 17 of IR gene. The prevalence of mutant of T allele in ACI patients was more common than that in the controls. The blood pressure and the parameters of blood sugar,lipid metabolism in the patients with mutant were higher than those in the controls with wild type gene. The correlative analysis showed the polymorphism of IR gene was not related statistically to the blood pressure. No base variation at exon 20 was found in the study.Conclusion By promoting the development of atherosclerosis,the mutation at exon 17 of IR gene may participate in the occurrence of ischemic stroke.

Objective To analyze the typing and clinical characteristics of neurosyphilis and provide evidences to improve early diagnostic.Methods Retrospective study of 18 cases of neurosyphilis was performed.Results Acute or subacute onset was observed in most cases; The interstitial neurosyphilis was the commonest, of which the clinical features varied widely and arose primarily from corresponding vascular infarctions; CSF examination revealed increase in pressure, protein and cells.TPHA and RPR were of the highest specificity among the serologic indexes;CT/MRI findings of brain revealed multiple, asymmetrical lesions which were different from those of infarctions caused by hypertension or arteriosclerosis.Conclusion Misdiagnosis rate is high at the initial reception.The clinical manifestations of neurosyphilis are closely related to pathological types. The lab tests and radiological findings are important clues to early diagnosis.

Objective To study the effect of lactate of differentconcentration on the action potential of ventricular papillary muscle cell (n=4) and contractile force (n=10).Method Using intracellular microelectrode technique and microtension depicting method.Result The Result showed the effect of lactated solution of a certain comcentration became obvious. After perfused with lactate solution of 4mmol/L,the vilocity maximum decreased significantly (p<0.05) showed the 4mmol/L lactate solution decreased the rate of depolarization: decreased the efficency of Na + channel; lactate solution decreased the contractile force of cardiac muscle. Conclusion The possible mechanism was: Ca+ influx and Na+ - H+ exchange were inhibited, resulted in the elevation of intracellular H+ concentration; through Na+-Ca2+ exchange, Ca2+ efflux decreased resulted in the intracellular Ca2+ decreased resulted in the intracellular Ca2+ overload.

To explore the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary thromboembolism associated with protein C (PC)/protein S (PS) deifciency. Two male patients 29 and 26 years old diagnosed with PC deifciency and/or PS deifciency were retrospectively analyzed and related literatures were reviewed. The most common symptoms were pain in the lower limbs with chest pain or decreased vision. Color dopper lfow imaging (CDFI) showed lower deep venous phlebothrombosis. Multislice CT angiography (CTA) revealed pulmonary embolism. The level of serum homocysteine (HCY) increased and the level of plasma PC/PS content decreased to PC 57.4%, and PS 28.9%in patient 1, while PS 33.4%in patient 2. Poor routine anticoagulant response was observed. After the diagnosis of PC/PS deficiency, vitiamin B6 and B12 anticoagulant therapy was added, and the symptoms in the patients improved significantly. Congenital thrombophilia should be taken into consideration for young patients with lower deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism which occur recurrently without obvious predisposing causes before 40. Plasma PC/PS concentrations or activity help a lot in the diagnosis and treatment.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of infusion of esmolol on expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α following spinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rats.MethodsThirty-six healthy male Wistar rats weighing 300-350 g were randomly assigned into 3 groups (n =12 each):group Ⅰ sham operation (group S); group Ⅱ spinal I/R and group Ⅲ esmolol pretreatment (group E).Spinal ischemia was produced by cross-clamping of abdominal aorta distal to renal artery for 20 min in I/R and E groups,Infusion of esmolol 200 g· kg- 1 ·min- 1 was initated 30 min before spinal ischemia and continued for the subsequent 1 h reperfusion in group Ⅲ (E).In groups S and I/R the animals received equal volumes of NS instead of lidocaine.Neurological behavior was assessed according to Tarlov scoring system at 24 and 48 h of reperfusion.The lumbar segment ( L4、5 ) spinal cord was resected at 24 and 48 h ofreperfusion for microscopic examination.The expression of HIF-Ia in spinal cord was detected by immunohistochemistry analysis.ResultsCompared with group S,the expression of HIF-Iα in spinal cord was down-regulated,and Tarlov score was significantly decreased in groups S and l/R.The spinal cord injury was attenuated in group E compared with group I/R.CondusionEsmolol infusion can protect the spinal cord against I/R injury,and inhibition of the expression of HIF-1α is involved in the mechanism.

Objective To investigate the effect of JNK signal pathway in acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) associated lung injury.Methods A total of 24 SD rats were randomly divided into sham group and ANP group,ANP rats were induced by retrograde injection of 5％ sodium taurocholate into common bile duct.The rats were sacrificed 12 and 24h later,and the pancreas and lung tissue were resected and underwent routine pathologic examination,ELISA method was used to detect the level of TNF-α and IL-1β in lung tissue.Expression of JNK mRNA was detected by real time PCR,and the expression of JNK protein were evaluated by Western blotting.Results There was bleeding,necrosis,large amount of inflammatory cells infiltration in pancreatic tissue; and there was edema,pulmonary consolidation,interstitial edema,inflammatory cells infihration in lung tissue in ANP group.The levels of TNF-α and IL-1β,JNK mRNA,JNK protein,phosphorylation JNK were ( 374.3 ± 124.0) pg/ml,(649.0 ± 114.9) pg/ml,2.57 ± 0.76,1.40 ± 0.81,0.81 ± 0.20 in ANP group,which were significantly higher than those in with sham group[( 218.2 ± 68.4)pg/ml,(524.3±58.4)pg/ml,1.03±0.11,0.32±0.11,0.32±0.11,P＜0.05].Conclusions JNK signal pathway plays an important role in experimental ANP associated lung injury in rats.