ObjectiveTo study the clinical features of stercoral bowel obstruction and perforation of colon in elderly patients MethodsThe data of 22 cases of stercoral bowel obstruction and 6 cases of stercoral perforation of colon in elderly patients in our hosital from January 1994 to December 2003 were analyzed retrospectively ResultsIn the 22 cases with stercoral bowel obstruction, 6 cases were recovered after operation, 6 cases suffered from stercoral perforation in which all cases were misdiagnosed before operation,and 2 cases were dead.ConclusionsThe prevalence of stercoral bowel obstruction and perforation of colon in elderly patients are increasing with population being aged. The cases without perforation are often recovered by non-operative therapy. The perforation case of stercoral bowel obstruction is relatively rare, easy to be misdiagnosed, and in high mortality. The Hartmanns ostomy should be the choice for the perforation.

Objective: To investigate the effect of aqueous extract of Radix et Rhizome Rhodiolae on expressions of HIF-1?, HIF-1? and VEGF in human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs) exposed to hypoxia. Methods: The effect of different treatment time and concentrations of aqueous extract of Radix et Rhizome Rhodiolae on cellular proliferation were determined with XTT colorimetric assay. The mRNA and protein expressions of HIF-1?, HIF-1? and VEGF were analyzed respectively by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction with SYBR Green I and Western blot. Three groups were studied: normoxia control group, hypoxia control group, Radix et Rhizome Rhodiolae treatment group. Results: The optimal condition of Radix et Rhizome Rhodiolae treatment were 24h and 10?g/mL. The protein levels of HIF-1?, HIF-1? and VEGF were elevated by hypoxia (P

Abstract: Objective　To analyze the impact of the flood disaster on the distribution of Oncomelania snails in 2020 in Wuhu City, to provide scientific basis for formulating the "14th Five-Year Plan" for schistosomiasis control and precise prevention and control measures in Wuhu City. Methods　Systematic sampling combined with environmental spot check was used to investigate the distribution of snails in the historical snail's environment, existing snail's environment and suspected snail's environment in Wuhu City. The collected snails were crushed and examined by microscope to understand the death and life of snails and the infection of Schistosoma japonicum, and the density of live snails and other indicators were counted. Results　The historical area of snails was 14 475.24 hm2 in Wuhu City, and the existing area of snails was 4 588.72 hm2, including 4 210.32 hm2 for lake type and 378.40 hm2 for hill type snails. The average occurrence rate of live snails was 14.59%, and the average density of live snails was 0.50 snails/0.1 m2 in Wuhu City. There were 2 745 snail breeding environments, of which 491 were lake type and 2 254 are hill type, accounting for 17.89% and 82.11% respectively. The existing snail area was mainly distributed in the beaches and ditches, accounting for 92.51% and 6.29% of the existing snail area respectively. Some snails were distributed in ponds, paddy fields and other environments. Among all the historical snail habitats, the majority were class Ⅱ and class Ⅲ environments (which still have the basic conditions for snail breeding at present), with a total of 1 739 sites (blocks), accounting for 63.35% of the total environment. No schistosomiasis infected snails have been found, and the newly discovered and recovered snails cover an area of 268.21 hm2 in Wuhu City. Conclusions　The distribution of snails is extensive in Wuhu City, and snails are mostly distributed in beaches, which are vulnerable to the impact of flood disasters. The spread of Oncomelania snails is found in 30 marshlands in 3 counties in this survey. It is necessary to continue to strengthen snail monitoring after disasters, and take class Ⅱ and class Ⅲ environments as key areas for snail monitoring, so as to find, identify and evaluate the risk of schistosomiasis transmission as soon as possible, to avoid or reduce the impact of flood disasters on the process of schistosomiasis control, and promote the process of schistosomiasis elimination.

Purpose To compare the CT features of hepatic metastases of gastro-entero-pancreatic adenocarcinomas with and without neuroendocrine differentiation [NED(+) and NED(-)] and to explore the value of CT features in differentiation of the two groups.Material and Methods From January 2009 to December 2015,abdominal CT scans of 17 pathologically proved cases of NED(+) gastro-entero-pancreatic adenocarcinomas with hepatic metastases and 34 pathologically proved cases of NED(-) hepatic metastases with sex,age and primary site matched were retrospectively reviewed.CT features including hepatic metastases number,size,distribution,shape and enhancement were assessed,as well as presence of lymphadenopathy or ascites.Differences of CT features between the two groups were analyzed.Results Compared with NED(-) group,hepatic metastases of NED(+) group more frequently demonstrated a peripheral enhancement on artery phase (94.1％ vs.44.1％,P＜0.05),and more washout on portal venous phase (41.2％ vs.5.9％,P＜0.05),while hepatic metastases of NED(--) group showed more plateau type (91.2％ vs.58.8％).There was no significant difference of other findings between the two groups (P＞0.05).Logistic regression revealed that enhancement area in hepatic artery phase and enhancement changes in portal venous phase were independent factors for differential diagnosis (P＜0.05).The area under the ROC curve of combining the two features was 0.811 (P＜0.05).Conclusion There are some different CT enhancement features between NED(+) and NED(-) hepatic metastases of gastro-entero-pancreatic adenocarcinomas,which are helpful in differential diagnosis.

Objective:To investigate the association between the single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) of transporter associated with interleukin2(IL-2),interleukin4(IL-4)and the susceptibility of hepatitis B in north China.Methods:Genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood leukocytes of hepatitis B patients and healthy controls.Two fragments covering -330 of the IL-2 gene and -590 of the IL-4 gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).The SNPs were revealed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RELP).Software PHASE 1.0was used to construct the haplotype of every individual.Unconditional Logitic regression model was used to analyze the statistical association of genotype or haplotype in two groups adjusted by gender and age.Results:There was significant difference in the SNPs of IL2 between the healthy controls and the heptitis B patients in north China.Significant difference was also found in the combination of --/GT to the two groups.Conclusion:SNPs of IL2(-330) may have relation to the susceptibility o heptitis B.--/GT was also related to the susceptibility of heptitis B.These findings suggest that SNPs of IL2 is one of the important host factors to the infection of the heptitis B.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of fluoroquinolone resistance in clinical isolates of Enterococcus faecium. Methods The MICs of six fluoroquinolones(norfloxacin,ciprofloxacin,ofloxacin,levofloxacin,gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin) against 35 clinical isolates of E.faecium from eight hospitals in Tianjin were determined by agar dilution method in the absence or presence of multidrug resistance efflux pump inhibitor reserpine.The quinolone-resistance determining region(QRDR)of parC and gyrA were amplified and sequenced.Results No less than twofold decrease in MIC values of the six fluoroquinolones in the presence of reserpine was observed in 35,29,1,0,6 and 2 of the 35 strains of E.faecium respectively.One fluoro- quinolone-susceptible isolate and five fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates were selected randomly to analyze the QRDR of parC and gyrA.All five fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates had single amino acid alteration in both GyrA and ParC.Ser-80 in ParC was substituted by lie(4 isolates)or Arg(1 isolates).Glu-87 in GyrA was replaced by Lys(2 isolates)or Gly(2 isolates). The other one had an Ser-83-to-Ile substitution.The one fluoroquinolone-suseeptible isolate had no alteration in the QRDR of either ParC or GyrA.Conclusions Both target alteration and active efflux are responsible for the resistance to fluoroquinolone in clinical isolates of E.faecium.

After processing, the tuber of Typhonium giganteum was used as Typhonii Rhizoma in Chinese materia medica. It has effects such as dispelling wind phlegm, detoxifying, removing stasis, and relieving pain. However, due to its toxicity, it needs to be processed before using. In this paper, the toxicity, processing technology, changes of components and efficacy before and after processing, and pharmacological effects are analyzed and summarized, which will provide reference for further study of T. giganteum.

Objective To measure the cytokines levels in peripheral blood from kidney transplantation recipients by using cytometric bead array and to analyze their change and the clinical significance in pre- and post- kidney transplantation, inducting with basiliximab and graft rejection. Methods A total of 72 renal transplantation recipients were divided into two groups, kidney function stable group(n =53) and acute rejection group (n = 19). And they were also grouped by induction with basiliximab or not,32 in basiliximab group and 40 in without basilixmab group. The levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-10, IL-5,IL-4, IL-2 were measured by cytometric bead array in peripheral blood of 72 kidney transplantation recipients and 30 healthy donors at differential time. The data was analyzed according to the following grouping:donors and recipients, kidney function stable group and acute rejection group post transplantation and with or without basiliximab group. Results The levels of TNF-α, IL-10, IL-5, IL-4, IL-2 in recipients before transplantation were ( 1.65 ±0. 10) ,(2. 55 ±0. 19) ,( 1.88 ±0. 14) ,(1.85 ±0. 12) ,(2. 12 ±0. 09) ng/L,respectively. While they were (3.04 ±0. 17), (3.33 ±0. 26), (4.03 ±0.25), (2.73 ±0. 16), (4.03 ±0. 26) ng/L respectively in healthy donors. There was statistical significance between the two groups ( t =6. 890, 2. 375, 7. 851,3.955,7.153, P<0. 01, <0. 05, <0.01, <0.01, <0.01). While the level of IFN-γ in recipients before transplantation was (2. 50 ±0. 18) ng/L,compared with (3. 00 ±0. 24) ng/L in healthy donors. There was no statistical significance between the two groups( t = 1. 625, P > 0. 05 ). The levels of IFN-γ and IL-10 in kidney function stable group were (2. 71 ± 0. 11 ) ng/L and (3.91 ± 0. 52) ng/L,while they were ( 3.30 ± 0. 36 ) ng/L and ( 12. 01 ± 5.35 ) ng/L in acute rejection group. There were statistical dirrerences between the two groups ( t = 5. 061, 11. 465, P < 0. 01, < 0. 05 ). Before induction with basiliximab, the levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-10 in recipients were (2.90 ±0. 21 ), ( 1.67 ±0. 12),(2. 45 ± 0. 16) ng/L respectively. But they were ( 2. 78 ± 0. 17 ), ( 1.58 ± 0. 07 ), ( 2. 77 ± 0. 24 ) ng/L respectively after induction with basiliximab, which showed significantly different ( t = 5. 605, 6.011,4. 126, P <0. 01, <0. 01, <0. 05). Four weeks after kidney transplantation in recipients with basiliximab,the levels of IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-4 were (2. 90 ± 0. 31 ), (9. 08 ± 0. 16), (2. 73 ± 0. 11 ) ng/L. While they were (3.28 ±0. 11 ), (4. 17 ±0. 21 ), (2. 11 ±0. 20) ng/L respectively in recipients without basiliximab induction, which were significantly different from those with basiliximab induction (t = 4. 268,4. 263,3.762, P <0. 01, <0. 01, < 0. 05 ). Conclusions Six kinds of cytokines can be measured by cytometric bead array simultaneously and accurately. The data suggests that the detection of multiple cytokines in kidney transplantation recipients by cytometric bead array can provide more guidance for clinical diagnosis and therapy.

Objective To explore the hierarchical chain management model in blood glucose control and its influence factors in patients with diabetes mellitus.Methods Health management database of diabetic patients was established in 2007 and managed by hierarchical chain management.The number of the patients reached to 1010 till 2011.The blood glucose control of diabetic patients was analyzed and its influence factors were analyzed by multivariate unconditional Logistic regression method.Results The concentration of glycosylated hemoglobin( HbA1c ) of 1010 patients with type 2 diabetes was (8.21 ±:2.70)％.Four hundred and eighty-seven cases (48.22％) reached the blood glucose standard,303 cases (30.00％)reached the blood pressure standard,245 cases (24.26％) reached the blood lipids standard,and 76 cases (7.52％) reached all three standards.Multivariate analysis showed that occupation (OR =2.521,95％ CI:1.871 - 3.397),education level (OR =1.890,95％ CI:1.642 - 2.174),disease course (OR =1.035,95％CI:1.016 -1.055),systolic pressure (OR =1.016,95％ CI:1.007 -1.025) and triglyceride (OR =1.204,95％CI:1.063 - 1.365) were the risk factors of blood glucose control (P ＜0.01).Conclusions Hierarchical chain management model is helpful for the blood glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes.The comprehensive control and treatment of type 2 diabetes should be taken combined with related risk factors,such as blood pressure,blood lipids and diabetes disease course.

Objective To explore the hierarchical chain management model of type 2 diabetes and determine its evaluation.Method Based on the hierarchical chain management of the three community health service institutions and Dahua hospital in Shanghai Xuhui district,215 cases of type 2 diabetes had been involved in the study.Results Compared with the baseline before management,lasting blood glucose (FBG),2 h postprandial glucose (2hPBG),glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c),low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of the diabetes after 12 months' management declined [(8.50 ±2.81) mmol/L,(11.09 ±4.01) mmol/L,(8.56 ±2.41)% ,(3.31 ± 1.06) mmol/L,(139.06 ±20.68) mm Hg (1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa),(78.20 ± 12.11) mm Hg vs.(7.41 ±2.04) mmol/L,(9.03 ±2.46) mmol/L,(7.34 ± 1.59)% ,(3.00 ± 1.06) mmol/L,(135.48 ± 17.82) mm Hg,(77.27 ±11.83) mm Hg],and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.01 );control rate of FBG,2hPBG,HbA1c,LDLC,SBP,DBP had improved significantly [19.5% (42/215),20.9% (45/215),24.7%(53/215),20.0%(43/215),27.4%(59/215),30.2%(65/215) vs.50.7%(109/215),53.0% (114/215),54.0%(ll6/215),42.3%(91/215),47.0%(101/215),45.6%(98/215)](P＜0.01).Conclusion Primary and secondary-care hospital based hierarchical chain management model is valid and can be implemented for type 2 diabetes.