Objective: To investigate the prevalence of hypertension among primary and middle school students living in Suzhou City, Jiangsu Province, so as to provide insights into comprehensive hypertension control among children and adolescents. Methods: Primary and middle school students at ages of 7 to 17 years were recruited for a questionnaire survey in Suzhou City using the stratified cluster random sampling method from September to December, 2020, and the height and body weight were measured. Blood pressure was measured at three separate clinic visits according to the national criteria Reference of Screening for Elevated Blood Pressure among Children and Adolescents Aged 7-18 Years ( WS/T 610-2018 ), and the detection of elevated blood pressure was estimated at three separate visits. In addition, factors affecting elevated blood pressure were identified. Results: A total of 3 713 students were enrolled, including 1 924 boys ( 51.82% ) and 1 789 girls ( 48.18% ). The detection of elevated blood pressure was 13.63%, 5.36%, and 3.37% at three separate visits, respectively, and the prevalence of hypertension ( elevated blood pressure at all three visits ) was 3.37%. The detection rates of elevated blood pressure were all higher at three visits ( 16.90%, 8.40%, and 5.26% ) among students at ages of 12 to 17 years than among students at ages of 7 to 11 years ( 9.65%, 1.67%, and 1.07%, P<0.05 ). The detection of elevated blood pressure was significantly higher in boys ( 15.23% ) than in girls (11.91%) at the first visit ( P<0.05 ), while no significant differences were seen at the second or third visit ( P>0.05 ). In addition, higher detection rates of elevated blood pressure were seen in obese ( 27.62%, 11.51%, and 7.06% ) and overweight students ( 17.45%, 6.95%, and 4.85% ) than in students with normal weight ( 9.44%, 3.54%, and 2.15% ) at all three visits, and greater detection rates of elevated blood pressure were found in obese students than in overweight students at the first and second visits ( P<0.017 ). Conclusions The prevalence of hypertension was 3.37% based on three separate visits among primary and middle school students in Suzhou City. Measurement of blood pressure at three separate visits within different days is effective to reduce the false positive rate of hypertension and decrease misdiagnosis among children and adolescents.

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical and pathological features of Hirschprung disease (HD), intestinal neuro-nal dysplasia (IND) and hypoganglionosis (IH) in children.MethodsThe clinical data and pathologic slices from 238 children with intestinal dysganglionosis were retrospectively analyzed. The age, sex, involved intestinal length of children and prognosis were compared.ResultsIn 238 patients, 138 (58.0%) were diagnosed by rectal mucosal biopsies. There were 122 HD patients whose median age at diagnosis was 9 months and the ratio of male to female was 4.3:1, without involvement of whole colon. There were 45 IND patients whose median age at diagnosis was 14 months and the ratio of male to female was 1.05:1, and the whole colon of 33.3% patients was involved. There were two male IH patients whose ages at diagnosis were 12 years and 18 years respectively, and their whole colon was involved. There were 59 patients with HD complicated by IND whose median age at diagnosis was 13 months and the ratio of male to female was 5.56:1 and the whole colon of 16.9% patients was involved. There were 10 male patients with HD complicated by IH whose median age at diagnosis was 11.5 months and the whole colon of 80.0% patients was involved. The ages at diagnosis, the sex ratio, the rates of whole colon involved, and the cure rates among 5 groups were signiifcantly different (allP<0.01).ConclusionsThe rectal mucosal biopsy was the main method in diagnosis of intestinal dysganglionsis in children. Patients with HD had higher incidence and mild condition and favorable prognosis. Patients with IH or patients with HD complicated by IH had lower incidence rates and severe condition and poor prognosis, followed by patients with IND or patients with HD complicated by IND.

Objective To evaluate the effectivity and safety of dual antiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel and aspirin in patients with ST-segment elevation acute yocardial infarction(AMI).Methods We searched for randomized controlled trials(RCTs)and quasi-RCTs in the following electronic databases:PubMed,EMBASE,The Cochrane Library(Issue 3,2007),CBM,CNKI,VIP and Wanfang.Quality assessment and data extraction were conducted by two reviewers independently.Disagreement were resolved through discussion.All data were analyzed by using Review Manager 4.2. Results Ten studies involving a total of 52 433 participants met the inclusion criteria.Metaanalysis results showed that:(1)Compared with aspirin alone,the incidence rates of death caused by any reason(RR=0.91,95% CI:0.85～0.97),recurrent myocardial infarction(RR=0.80,95% CI:0.72～0.89),stroke(RR=0.81,95% CI:0.68～0.96),post-infarction angina(RR=0.35,95% CI:0.19～0.66),incoronary thrombus(RR=0.73,95% CI:0.64～0.83)and the combined endpoint events of death,reinfarction or stroke(RR=0.89,95% CI:0.84～0.95)could be reduced by clopidogrel and aspirin.(2)There were no significant differences in ameliorating the cardiac function and increasing TIMI blood flow of infarct-related artery between the two groups RR=0.97,95% CI:0.92～1.03;RR=1.14,95% CI:1.00～1.30;both P＞0.05.(3)There was no significant difference in bleeding between the tWO groups(RR=1.11,95% CI:0.92～1.34). Conclusions Compared with aspirin alone,clopidogrel plus aspirin has good effects on reducing the incidence rates of death caused by any reason,recurrent myocardial infarction,stroke,post-infarction angina,incoronary thrombus and the combined endpoint events of death,reinfarction or stroke in patients with ST-segment elevation AMI,and it has the same efficacy in ameliorating the cardiac function,increasing TIMI blood flow of infarct-related artery and bleeding.

Objectives: To evaluate mice as experimental animal for Chlamydia pneumoniae, a common cause of acute respiratory infections in human.　Methods: Intranasal inoculation of Icr mice with C. Pneumoniae induced a prolonged course of lung infection, as demonstrated by persistence of lung pathology(60 days).　Results: Icr mice were susceptible to C. pneumoniae. Lung pathology was characterized by patchy interstitial pneumonitis with predominately neutrophil leukocyte infiltration in the early(7 days) and lymphocytes infiltration in the later stages(14 days later) of infection.　Conclusions:Icr mice were susceptible to C. pneumoniae and the mouse model is useful for the investigation of the pathogenesis of C. pneumoniae infection.

Objective To study the repairing effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) on the donor liver after cardiac death (DCD) under normal temperature mechanical perfusion (NMP) in rats.Methods BMMSCs of Wistar rats were cultured in vitro,and 45-min warm ischemia after cardiac death model was established.The 30 Wistar rats were randomly divided into NMP,NMP + BMMSCs (N + B),cold storage (CS) groups,and the parameters were detected at 2 h and 4 h (n =10).Results N + B group was superior to NMP group and CS group in repairing the liver function and liver pathology including ultrastructure,improving the perfusate acidic environment,and increasing adenosine triphosphate level (P ＜ 0.05).The oxygen consumption of NMP group and N + B group were significantly different after 2h [2 h:(24.35 ±0.64) ml/min vs.(29.33 ±0.47) ml/min;3 h:(25.33 ±0.86) ml/min vs.(30.34 ± 0.49) ml/min;4 h:(26.88 ± 1.07) ml/min vs.(31.76 ± 0.96) ml/min;P ＜ 0.05],suggesting that the liver condition in N + B group was significantly better than that in the other two groups.Conclusion Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells could obviously repair the DCD grafts under normal temperature mechanical perfusion.

Vaccine is a principal and highly cost-effective medical method on controlling infectious diseases and improving population health.Various vaccines are badly needed in the low-income countries along the Belt and Road.With the good quality to reach WHO prequalification standard,and the abundant capacity to fulfill the demand from market aboard,upon the platform of China-proposed "the Belt and Road Initiative",the vaccines manufactured in China are exporting to counties worldwide.The independent innovative vaccines' R&D system,which fruited a series of innovative infectious diseases vaccines (EV71 vaccine,slPV,HEV,Ebola vaccine,etc.) to be launched in Chinese market,indicates that China has developed rapidly from "a great vaccine-production country" to "a powerful vaccine-innovation country".The implementation of National Innovation-driven Development Strategy would further push forward the development and internationalization process of Chinese innovative vaccines.Therefore,the China-invented vaccines will make an important role in the prevention and control of infectious disease in various countries and become one of the most powerful weapons in fighting the global epidemics event in the future.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide- enhanced(USPIO)-enhanced MR imaging for monitoring synovitis of antigen-induced arthritis in rabbit model and explore the optimal MR imaging sequences.Methods Nine female white rabbits with antigen(0.5 ml mBSA,2 mg/ml)induced arthritis of the right knees were used in the study.The left knees of these rabbits and both knees of another 3 rabbits served as the control.Nine to 28 days(mean 21.3 d)after successful model induction,all knees were imaged before and 24 h after intravenously injection of USPIO (0.3 ml/kg),among which 2 rabbits were also imaged at 48 and 72 h after administration of USPIO respectively.The MR protocol included spin-echo(SE) T_1WI,fast spin-echo(FSE)T_2WI,gradient echo (GRE)T_2~* WI and short tau inversion recovery(STIR).Images were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively based on signal characteristics and patterns of the synovium.Paired t-test was used for the analysis of the signal intensity of inflammatory synovial membrane before and 24 h after injection of USPIO. MR findings were correlated with histopathology.Results Arthritis was successfully induced in all 9 right knees with intraarticular injection of mBSA.Pathological examination revealed hyperplasia of synovium with infiltration of USPIO-loaded-macrophages.MR depicted synovial thickening(thickness 2.07?0.97 mm) and joint effusion.Synovium and joint fluid appeared as slightly hypo- or iso-intense on T_1 WI and hyper- intense on T_2 WI or T_2~* WI.Twenty four hours after USPIO injection,significant T_1 enhancement(ASNR 41.91%?27.94%),negative T_2 and T_2~* enhancement(△SNR -34.92%?11.77% and -57.24%? 16.05%)were demonstrated in the region of synovial inflammation respectively.The signal at 48 h and 72 h changed less than that at hour 24.No signs of arthritis occurred in all left knees and in all knees of the artificial model group.Conclusion Iron oxide phagocytized into macrophages can be a root cause resulted in signal change on USPIO-enhanced MR images.The gradient echo sequence should be the optimal sequence to be used in USPIO-enhanced MR imaging in antigen-induced arthritis.

OBJECTIVETo detect the expressions of receptor-interacting protein (RIP) and caspase-8 and investigate their roles in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and oral precancerous lesions.

METHODSSABC immunohistochemical methods were used to detect the expressions of RIP and caspase-8 in 22 specimens of OSCC, 14 specimens of oral lichen planus (OLP), 14 specimens of oral leukoplakia (OLK) and 10 specimens of normal oral mucosa (NOM).

RESULTSThe rate of weak or negative expression of RIP in normal mucosa was 50% (5/10). The rates of weak and positive expression of RIP in OLP, OLK and OSCC were 75% (36/50), and the rate of positive and strong expression of RIP was 63.7% (14/22) in OSCC, significantly higher that in the others groups (P<0.05). The rates of weak, positive and strong positive expression of caspase-8 in NOM, OLP, OLK and OSCC were 80% (8/10), 100% (14/14), 85.7% (12/14), and 100% (22/22), respectively.

CONCLUSIONBoth RIP and caspase-8 may play important roles in the occurrence and progression of OSCC and oral precancerous lesions.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; Caspase 8 ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Mouth Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Precancerous Conditions ; metabolism ; Receptor-Interacting Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the expressions of caspase-8,receptor interacting protein (RIP) and nuclear factor(NF)-kBp65 in oral lichen planus(OLP)and their relationship with cell apoptosis.Methods Immunohistochemical technique with SP method was used to detect the expressions of caspase-8,RIP and NF-kBp65 in 30 OLP cases and 15 normal oral mucosa specimens.Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nucleotide shift enzyme(TdT)mediated d-UTP end labeling(TUNEL)was used for detecting the cell apoptotic index(AI)in 15 OLP cases and 5 nomal oral mucosa specimens.Results Compared with the control group,the AI of epithelial cells(6.76±2.32)increased and the AI of lymphocytes(1.75±0.74)decreased in OLP(P<0.01).The positive rate of caspase-8,RIP and NF-kBp65 OLP than in normal control(P<0.05).The positive rate of caspase-8,RIP and NF-kBp65 of lymphocytes control(P<0.01).A positive correlation was also observed between NF-kBp65 expression of lymphocytes and AI of epithelial cells.Conclusions Accelerated apoptosis of the keratinocytes and inhibition of lymphocyte apoptosis may coexist and contribute to the formation and progression of OLP.The over expression of caspase-8,RIP and NF-kBp65 in OLP may play a role in the pathogenesis of OLP.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical effect of bridging fixation with locking plate for the Seinsheimer type V subtrochanteric femoral fracture.

METHODSFrom March 2009 to September 2014,18 cases of Seinsheimer type V subtrochanteric femoral fracture were treated by open reduction and bridging fixation with locking plate through proximal and distal approach including 16 males and 2 females with an average age of 41 years old ranging from 22 to 67 years old. Among them, 12 cases caused by traffic accident, 5 cases by falling, 1 case by heavy aboving. All cases were fresh and closed fractures. Time between injury and operation was from 4 to 9 days with an average of 6.2 days. Of them, 11 cases were fixed with reverse LISS and the other 7 cases were fixed with anatomical locking plates of proximal femur.

RESULTSThe mean time of operation was 110 min (ranged from 90 to 155 min). The mean blood loss during operation was 425 ml (ranged from 350 to 650 ml) and 16 cases got blood transfusion which was meanly 300 ml. The mean hospital time was 14 days (ranged from 12 to 18 days). The mean duration of followed up was 11.8 months (ranged from 8 to 22 months). The mean time of bone union was 6.6 months (ranged from 5 to 8 months). There was not any complication such as infection, implant failure, hip varus, external rotation deformity of low limb or fat embolism. The Sanders hip scores were 53.22 ± 6.48, the result was excellent in 12 cases and good in 6 cases at the last follow-up.

CONCLUSIONUnder the principle of biological osteosynthesis, treatment of Seinsheimer type V subtrochanteric femoral fracture with bridging locking plate fixation has such advantages as high mechanism, less interference of blood supply, stable fixation and little complication. It is a safe and idea way for the treatment of the Seinsheimer type V subtrochanteric femoral fracture.

Adult ; Aged ; Bone Plates ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Hip Fractures ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged