0.05).CONCLUSION:In the study,PVC infusion systems have no adsorption effect on troxerutin.

Objective To evaluate the importance of the prenatal diagnosis to fetus with mild ventriculomegaly ( MVM) in pregnancy outcome and prognosis. Methods The ultrosonographic results of 51 pregnant women who were admitted to our hospital were collected in this study. In each case,a thorough evaluation of fetal anatomy was performed,karyotyping or MRI was done if needed,and follow-up was done un-til afterbirth. Results In 51 cases of lateral ventriculomegaly fetal:ultrasonography indicated there were 26 fetuses with mild ventriculomega-ly. The incidence of MVM complicated with other abnormities was 46. 0%,and that complicated with chromosome disorder was 11. 5%. Con-clusion Ultrasonography plays an important role in the detection of MVM. Chromosome analysis should be carried out for elder pregnant women when their fetuses are diagnosed as MVM and other complicating abnormities.

According to the correlative analyses on Chinese medicine essence, dosage forms and quality control level, it expounds the precise concept of Chinese medicine, and its quality advantages and characteristics in this paper, furthermore discusses how to achieve the ideal drugs and Chinese medicine quality precision in expectation. Base on the Chinese medicine essence, using the concept of nature medicine and its drug system to construct Chinese medicine effective material basis and its drugs, with the correlative analyses of whole view and reductionism, the problems of uncertainty quality of original natural medicinal resources and preparations may well be solved, and further with the macroscopic to microcosmic construction of drug system, the precision in expectations of Chinese medicine quality and higher production lever may well be achieved.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; standards ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Precision Medicine ; Quality Control

BACKGROUND:Whether determination of tacrolimus blood concentration by different immunoassay methods can influence predictive ability to immunosuppressive effects and toxicity, and whether it can be more sensitive to reflect blood concentration in patients with renal dysfunction are worthy of studying.
OBJECTIVE:To analyze the correlation of tacrolimus (FK506) concentrations determined by enzyme-multiplied immunoassay technique (EMIT) and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in combination with renal function parameters.
METHODS:133 clinical blood samples were col ected. EMIT and ELISA techniques were used to determine the FK506 concentration. The correlation of two determination methods were analyzed, combined with renal function. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In patients with renal dysfunction, the mean results and standard deviation mensurated by ELISA were higher than those by EMIT. For blood concentration in 5-20μg/L by ELISA, the incidence of renal dysfunction occurred less than by EMIT. The overal mean results of blood concentration for two methods appeared no significant difference (r=0.904 5, P>0.05). When the concentration was less than 2.0μg/L, the concentration results by EMIT were higher than those by ELISA (P<0.01). When the concentration was more than 2.0μg/L, there was no significant difference between two determination methods (P>0.05). These findings indicate that EMIT and ELISA has good correlation, which are both suitable for clinical routine determination of plasma concentration. It is not recommended for applying EMIT method to determine low blood concentrations (<2.0μg/L). The reference range of concentration should be compartmentalized depending on combination of determination methods and renal function.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the restrained factors in the disposal of medical dispute caused by nosocomial infection and try to find out the method to solve the problem. METHODS The several restrained factors in the disposal of medical dispute about nosocomial infection were enumerated and analyzed. RESULTS There are several restrained factors in the disposal of medical dispute about nosocomial infection according to law. First, nosocomial infection can not be died out, and medical dispute about nosocomial infection will exist for ever as a result of the specialty of supply of medical service. Secondly, current legal system construction of nosocomial infection management in our country is in the stage of being established and consummated step by step. Determinant criteria of medical negligence behavior are not perfect. Feasibility of part of the actual rules and standard in nosocomial infection is not good. Thirdly, collecting evidence is very difficult in some medical dispute caused by nosocomial infection . It is restricted by hospital condition, medical cost and medical documents. Because of the restrained factors mentioned above, when nosocomial infection occurs, medical workers concerned can not find or confirm the reason of infection in most cases. Then hospital has to compensate patients for loss in order to make concessions to avoid trouble. CONCLUSIONS We make following suggestions for the status. First, we should strengthen legal system construction about nosocomial infection, and safeguard both of hospital and patients′ interests . Secondly, insurance system of medical risk should be perfected. Thirdly, medical workers should abide by rules of operation. Fourthly, we can not hide the truth when nosocomial infection occurs. Fifthly, we must fulfil the "attention duty" in order to reduce medical dispute.

HSP90, which is the biomarker of cell stress and endogenous protective protein, functions as a molecular chaperone. Many client proteins of HSP90, including EGFR, Met, Raf-1, IKK and p53, play important roles in the occurrence and development of tumor. Binding of HSP90 inhibitors triggers the deactivation of HSP90, resulting in client protein degradation, and hence inhibits the tumor growth by blocking multiple targets involved in signaling of tumor proliferation. This review summarizes recent development of small molecule inhibitors bound to N-terminal of HSP90.

Objective To determine whether color doppler ultrasonography (CDU),thyroid function or thyroid autoimmune antibodies could identify Graves' disease in pregnancy(GDP) in pregnant patients with newly diagnosed thyrotoxicosis.Methods It is an observational study.Sixty-eight pregnant patients with newly diagnosed thyrotoxicosis including gestational hyperthyroidism (GHT) subjects (GHT group,n =33) and GDP subjects (GDP group,n =35),and 62 age-and sex-matched healthy subjects (C1 group:pregnant,n =32,C2 group:non-pregnant,n =30) were recruited.Thyroid function,human chorionic gonadotropin(HCG),thyroid autoimmune antibodies were detected.Peak systolic velocity of the superior thyroid artery (STA-PSV) and diastole inner diameter(STA-D) of the superior thyroid artery were measured by CDU.A ROC curve was used to evaluate STA-PSV,STA-D,thyroid function and thyroid autoimmune antibodies for identification of GDP.Results The area under the ROC curve of STA-PSV,STA-D and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH),free T4 (FT4) for GDP were 0.905,0.887,0.803 and 0.786,respectively.The optimal cut-off points of STA-PSV,STA-D,TSH and FT4 for GDP were 40 cm/s,2.0mm,0.03 mIU/L and 30 pmol/L with the sensitivity of 82.9％,72.1％,81.8％,76.2％ and specificity of 81.8％,87.9％,75.2％,80.3％,respectively.Conclusions Detection of STA-PSV and STA-D by CDU,as well as thyroid function,is useful in screening GDP in pregnant patients with thyrotoxicosis.

Objective To compare the carriage of dematiaceous fungi in wild toads from both en-demic area and non-epidemic area of chromoblastomycosis.Methods A total of354and45wild toads(Bufo Chinese)were caught from two counties of Shandong Province,Zhangqiu county,an endemic area of chromoblastomycosis,and from Laiyang county,an area where the infection of dematiaceous fungi in humans has not been found,respectively.The toads were killed and the suspension of the internal organs were used to isolate dematiaceous fungi.Results Eleven species including162strains of dematiaceous fungi were iso-lated from151of354(42.7%)toads from the endemic area.The isolated strains consisted of49Phialopho-ra verrucosa,33Exsophiala,19Phialophora(nonpathogenic),19E.jenselmei,12Cladosporium carrionii,3suspected of C.carrionii,7Rhinocladiella sp.,5Fonsecaea pedrosoi,4C.trichoides,3E.spinifera,1C.mi-nourae,4unidentified.Only4nonpathogenic dematiaceous fungi were isolated from4of45(8.9%)toads obtained from non-epidemic area.Conclusions Varieties of pathogenic dematiaceous fungi,especially C.carrionii,are isolated from wild toads in endemic area of chromoblastomycosis,while none from non-endemic area.The results suggest that the colonization of pathogenic dematiaceous fungi in wild toads may be associa-ted with endemicity of chromoblastomycosis.

Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum as a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been widely used for promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. Flavonoid compounds are main chemical constituents of Dalbergiae Odoriferae Lignum, which exert anti-inflammatory property. However, the underlying anti-inflammatory mechanisms of flavonoid compounds are incompletely understood. It has been reported that isoliquiritigenin, liquiritigenin, naringenin and butein possess anti-inflammatory property. The purpose of this study is to illuminate the anti-inflammatory mechanism of flavonoid compounds based on the protein interaction network (PIN) analysis on molecular network level. 130 targets of the main medicinal ingredients of flavonoid compounds were gained though database retrieval. A protein interaction network of flavonoid compounds was constructed with 589 nodes and 216 interactions. By a graph theoretic clustering algorithm Molecular Complex Detection (MCODE), 26 modules were identified and analyzed by Gene ontology (GO) enrichment. Two modules were associated with anti-inflammatory actions. The most interesting finding of this study was that the anti-inflammatory effect of flavonoid compounds may be partly attributable to inhibite FOS, PTGS2 expression, inhibite of IL-1beta release, and block the MAPK pathway and toll-like receptor pathway.
Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; pharmacology ; Dalbergia ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Flavonoids ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Protein Binding ; drug effects ; Protein Interaction Maps ; drug effects ; Proteins ; metabolism

HSP90, which is the biomarker of cell stress and endogenous protective protein, functions as a molecular chaperone. Many client proteins of HSP90, including EGFR, Met, Raf-1, IKK and p53, play important roles in the occurrence and development of tumor. Binding of HSP90 inhibitors triggers the deactivation of HSP90, resulting in client protein degradation, and hence inhibits the tumor growth by blocking multiple targets involved in signaling of tumor proliferation. This review summarizes recent development of small molecule inhibitors bound to N-terminal of HSP90.
Antineoplastic Agents ; chemistry ; HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; Signal Transduction