Objective To explore the nutrition support route of enteral nutrition (EN) and parenteral nutrition(PN) on the cellular immune function of patients after esophagectomy.Methods Sixty-two patients with esophageal surgery were randomly divided into EN group and the PN group,and each was 31 cases.Cellular immune indexes(including T lymphocyte subsets,natural killer cells,B lymphocytes) were measured at the preoperation,the postoperative 1st day and 8th day.The t test was preformed to compare the measurement data of two groups,and repeated measures analysis of variance was used to compare multiple time points of measurement data of two groups.Results The levels of CD3,CD4,CD8,CD4/CDS,NK cells and B cells in EN group at before operation were (60.46 ± 6.41) ％,(39.03 ± 5.64) ％,(25.06 ± 5.39) ％,(1.60 ± 0.24),(13.86 ±4.91)％,(13.14 ± 3.81)％ respectively,and those indices at 8th day after operation were (65.18 ±7.81)％,(40.45 ±6.82)％,(22.81 ±4.47)％,(1.78 ±0.16),(16.97 ±4.85)％,(15.69 ± 3.88)％ respectively,and the differences were statistically significant(P ＜ 0.05).The levels of CD4,CD4/CD8,NK cells and B cells in PN group at before operation were (59.78 ± 5.17) ％,(39.10 ± 5.49) ％,(24.94 ± 3.97) ％,1.57 ±0.20,(14.02 ± 4.47) ％,(12.96 ± 3.39) ％ respectively,significantly different from that of 8th days ((59.78 ±5.17)％,(39.71 ±5.63)％,(24.74 ±3.80),(1.62 ±0.15),(15.35 ±4.31)％,(14.33 ±3.43) ％ respectively),and there were significant difference compared to before operation in terms of CD4,CD4/CD8,NK cells and B cells.At the 8th day after operation,there was significant difference between in EN group and PN group in terms of CD3,CD8,CD4/CD8,NK cells and B cells(P ＜0.05).Conclusion Early EN for patients after esophageal carcinoma operation can significantly improve the cellular immune function of patients.

Objective To probe into the indication, operative skill of intrapericardial pneumonectomy, the prevention and cure in postoperative complication of intrapericardial pneumonectomy for locally advanced lung canc-er. Methods The clinical data of 43 cases of locally advanced lung cancer undergoing intrapericardial pneumonec-tomy from February 1998 to November 2007 were retrospectively analyzed. Results No surgical death occurred. The main postoperative complication was arrhythmia, acute pulmonary edema and pneumonia, with incidence as 41. 86%. The 1-,3- and 5-year postoperative survival rate was 79.1% ,30.2% and 11.6%. Conclusions The intrap-ericardial pneumonectomy skill not only can improve resection rate, reduce exploration rate, but also offer more oppor-tunity of further therapy in a part of locally advanced lung cancer.

Objective To investigate the significance of early postoperative enteral nutrition with esophageal cancer in the elderly. Methods A total of 62 cases of esophageal cancer patients aged 70 years and older were randomly divided into the enteral nutrition(EN)group and the parenteral nutrition(PN)group. In preoperative and the first day and eighth day of postoperative serum albumin,prealbumin,peripheral blood lymphocytes,serum immunoglobulin(IgG,IgM,IgA),complement C3 and C4 were measured,and the postoperative infectious complications and cardiovascular complications were observed. Results During the eighth day after operation,the statistic analysis of the data between EN group and PN group showed: tALB = 2. 535,tPA = 2. 880,tLymphocyte =2. 720,tIgA =2. 166,tIgM =2. 065 ,tC3 =4. 103 ,tC4 =2. 478,P ＜0. 05. The result indicated that the EN group was better than the PN group in improving the nutritional status of patients,strengthened the immune system. The complication comparison between the two groups after operation: x2 Infection = 4. 24,x2 Cardiovascular =15.55,P ＜ 0. 05. The result indicated that the EN group had lower incidence of infectious complications and cardiovascular complications than the PN group. Conclusions Early enteral nutrition can significantly improve the nutritional status of elderly patients with esophageal cancer after postoperative,enhance immunity,and reduce the incidence of complications.

Objective To explore the value of video-assisted thoracoscopy for the diagnosis of indeterminate solitary pulmonary nodules.Methods A total of 42 patients with indeterminate solitary pulmonary nodules(

Objective To investigate the expression and role of Caspase-3 during the development of non-traumatic avascular/aseptic necrosis of femoral head(ANFH).Methods Tissue samples were obtained from 22 femoral heads of 21 patients with ANFH.The samples were divided into three groups:early stage(6 cases),middle stage(8 cases) and late stage(8 cases) groups according to the progress of the disease.Meanwhile,19 tissue samples of 19 femoral heads were obtained from 19 cases of acute femoral neck fracture and set as a control group.The level of apoptosis of each group was compared in terms of the percentages of TUNEL positive osteocytes and empty osteocyte lacuna,and then the activity of Caspase-3 was detected by colorimetric method.Results Both the pecentages of empty osteocyte lacunae(F=45.43,P=0.000) and the TUNEL positive osteocytes(F=120.86,P=0.000) increased significantly with the progress of ANFH.The two indexes in the early and middle stage groups were significantly higher than those in the control(q=18.899,P0.05).Caspase-3 activity was not significantly related to the capacity of osteogenesis(r=0.126,P=0.425).Conclusions Caspase-3 is not the major executor of apoptosis in ANFH.It is very likely that it does not play a nonapoptotic role in the progress of the diseases.

ObjectiveTo investigate the visual condition and causes of blindness and low vision of ov er 60 years old people found by routine physical examination. Methods A total of 892 cases over 60 years old people took a yearly routine examinatio n, such as far and near vision in daily life, anterior segment and fundus of the eye and intraocular pressure. If the vision were under 0 3, the refractive vis ion needs to be corrected. The blindness and low vision patients were selected a nd taken further related examinations to analyse statistically the causes of bli ndness. Results Among 892 cases investigated, blindness together with low vision were 42 cases (4 71%). The morbidity rate of blindness and low vision were 1 01% (9 cases) a nd 3 70% (33 cases) respectively. Diseases caused blindness were macular lesio ns (57 14%), glaucoma(11 91%), cataract (9 52%), retinal diseases, optic nerv e atrophy, keratopathy etc. Refractory eye diseases were obviously more than t he eye diseases which can be treated. The morbidity rate of over 80 years old pe ople were obviously more than that of under 80 years group. Conclusions With ageing, the old people easily suffer from eye diseases and results in bli ndness. For the prevention and treatment of blindness for the elderly, much atte ntion to treatment of eye diseases should not only paid, active training is also important.

Objective To investigate the vision and the eye conditions of the longevous aged 90 years or over Methods The vision was examined by Snellen chart, and the outer eye, anterior segment, fundus and intraocular pressure were examined by slit lamp, funduscope and non contact tonometer in 135 longevous cases Some related examinations were adopted on suspective cases The refractive errors were corrected in 53 cases who were cooperative to examination Results The visions of right eyes were 0 01～1 0 with the average of 0 46?0 50, and the left eyes were 0 03～1 0, with the average of 0 49?0 50. The probabilities of blindness and low vision were 5 93% and 10 27% respectively. In 43 cases (81 13%)the vision increased by 1～5 lines (the average in 3 lines)after optometry compared with pre optometry ( P

Objective To study the effect of intestinal trefoil factor(ITF) on nuclear factor-?B(NF-?B) in neonatal rats intestinal tissues with necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC),and to discuss whether ITF had protective function in NEC,and its role in the mechanism of NEC.Methods Fifty neonatal rats were randomly divided into 5 groups:group A as control group,group B as control plus ITF 0.2 mg group,group C as NEC group,group D as NEC plus normal saline(NS),group E as NEC plus ITF 0.2 mg.NEC models of neonatal rats were established.On the 4th day,all subjects were put to death.The intestinal tissue located at the boundary of ileum and cecum were obtained to observe histological changes and NF-?B level.Results The density of NF-?B(p65) increased significantly in group C and D compared with those in group A,B and E(Pa

The resting cells of Citrobacter freundii 48003 3 expressing high tyrosine phenol lyase activity under the inducing of L tyrosine were used for L DOPA synthesis from catechol, pyruvate and ammonia In this paper, the effects of temperature, pH and substrate concentrations on the synthesis of L DOPA were studied At the optimal conditions of reaction, 9 5g/L of L DOPA was obtained in 12h

Objective To explore the traits of improved polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE)-ethidium bromide(EB) staining in the detection of genotype polymorphisms.Methods The methods of PAGE-silver staining,agarose gel electrophoresis (AGE)-EB staining and improved PAGE-EB staining in polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) were used to detect the μ-opioid receptor (OPRM1) A118G genotypes in case group (n =167) infants with intracranial hemorrhage (ICH),and control group(n =163) infants without ICH,to conduct a case study analysis.And the application traits of three methods were compared.Results Genotypes of OPRM1 A118G were GG (169 bp),AG (193 bp,169 bp),AA (193 bp).Both the electrophoresis methods of PAGE-silver staining and PAGE-EB could be used to detect the genotypes of OPRM1 A118G clearly in this study.There was no statistically significant difference between the resolutions of DNA fragments (P =0.884).The first method,which had 13 experiment steps,consuming 4-5 hours,involving 12 kinds of chemical reagents,and the pictures were taken with the camera,was complex,with difficult operation,more time consuming; Compared with the first method,the secondmethod was simple,which had 6 test procedures,consuming 2 hours with 8 reagents,and the pictures were taken by using an automatic gel imager.AGE-EB could not be used to detect genotypes of OPRM1 A118G.Conclusions The method of improved PAGE-EB has the advantages of fast,easy operation,and high resolution,which is worthy of wider application.