74 years were associated with increased cardiac events too(HR = 5.40,95%CI:2.16~11.52,P=0.0002).NYHA classification, LVEF, cTnT?cTnI and CK-MB were not independently predictive of cardiac events.Conclusions Measurement of NT-proBNP in patients with CHF can help to identify patients at higher risk for cardiac events .

Objective To investigate the influence of renal function on serum NT-proBNP in the diagnosis of chronic heart failure by observing the relationship between eGFR and NT-proBNP in serum and comparing cutoff values of NT-proBNP in different eGFR levels.Methods 297 elderly participants were enrolled in the study, including 106 inpatients with heart failure and 191 healthy controls in the corresponding period.The concentration of NT-proBNP was determined by an automated electrochemiluminescence immunoassay on Roche Elecsys 2010.Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using the Levey-modified Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula. The diagnosis of clinical physician was considered to be the golden standard for heart failure.Results Serum NT-proBNP levels were significantly higher in subjects with renal dysfunction compared with those with normal renal function for heart failure patients [829.1 (202.4 ~ 3725.5) ng/L vs. 227.2 (111.1 ~ 964.2) ng/L, P

OBJECTIVE:To develop the drug traceability management system in outpatients of medical institutions,and gradu-ally improve its traceability management. METHODS:Based on barcode technology,drug traceability management system in outpa-tients of medical institutions was independently developed,introducing it from system environment,framework design and system function,and the application results were evaluated in terms of differences in dispensing time,deployment error,drug withdrawal treatment and applicability investigation. RESULTS:The system was developed on hospital information system network environ-ment,which was designed by combination of client/server(C/S)network system(B/S)and set function modules as follows as role rights management,data extraction,information control,data acquisition and data query. The system can match with drug electron-ic surveillance code,commodity code and other traceable barcodes,achieve drug tracing from hospitals to users through software interaction,as well as the computer-aided calibration in dispensing to effectively reduce outpatient's dispensing error. The average time for each outpatient prescription prolonged 9 s after using the system;24 dispensing errors and 4 non-normal withdrawals were prevented within 1 month;100% surveyed pharmacists expressed approval for the system's applicability. CONCLUSIONS:The system can achieve the drug suitability management in outpatients,which has shown good applicability and further improved drug safety management and control capabilities in medical institutions.

Objective To assess the clinical significance of antibodies against cyclic citrullinated peptide(anti - CCP) in a cohort of patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Methods The anti - CCP was tested by an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in serum samples from 22 patients with JIA(9 boys, 13 girls), with a mean age of 9.1 years(range 1.1 - 16). As control groups, anti - CCP were also tested in sera of 20 healthy children, and 30 adult patients with rheumatoid arthritis(RA). Results Positive anti - CCP were found in sera of 2 patients with JIA(9.1 %), both with lower titre comparing with those of adult patients with anti - CCP positive. In the control groups, none of healthy children was positive for anti - CCP, but 16/30(53. 3%) adults with RA showed anti - CCP positivity. Conclusion Anti - CCP can be detected in children with JIA, but are less frequently present than in adults with RA, so anti - CCP has limited diagnostic value to JIA.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the changes of patients with type 2 diabetes in different stages in glucagon (GC) and free fatty acid (FFA) in fasting, OGT and L-Arg experiments, and discusses the role of pancreatic alphabeta cells in diabetes pathogenesis by studying the relations among indexes such as glucagon (GC), free fatty acid (FFA) and blood glucose (BG), insulin, insulin homeostasis model (HOMA) and glucose metabolism hormone secretion curve, in order to provide theoretical basis for the treatment of diabetes.

METHODStudy objects were divided into the T2DM group (45 cases), the IGT group (28 cases) and the NGT group (30 cases) for an OGTT experiment and then an L-Arg experiment on the next day. Under the fasting state, their blood glucose (FBG), insulin (F), glucagon (FGC), free fatty acid (FFA) were detected to calculate HOMA-beta, insulin sensitivity index (ISI) and HOMA-IR of different groups. Meanwhile, efforts were made to calculate different time quantum detected in OGTT and L-Arg experiments and area under the curve AUC(BG), AUC(INS) and AUC(GC).

RESULTObvious overall differences were observed in FFA and FGC of the three groups. FGC of each group was negatively correlated with HOMA-beta and ISI. Among all of the 103 study objects, FGC was positively correlated with FBG and HOMA-IR and negatively correlated with HOMA-beta and ISI, with no correlation with FINS; FFA was positively correlated with FBG, HOMA-IR and negatively correlated with FINS, HOMA-beta, ISI. FGC and FFA were positively correlated in the T2DM group and the IGT group, but with no statistical correlation in the NGT group. The sequence of the three study objects was T2DM > IGR > NGT in AUC(GC) in the OGTT experiment and T2DM > IGR > NGT in in AUC(GC) in the L-Arg experiment, with the significant positive correlation between AUC(GC) and AUC(BG) and significant negative correlation with AUC(INS).

CONCLUSIONGlucagon and free fatty acid of T2DM and IGT patients increased, which was positively correlated with blood glucose and HOMA-IR and negatively correlated with INS, HOMA-beta and ISI. The increase in glucagons of T2DM and IGT patients indicated inappropriate secretion of pancreatic alphabeta cells among patients with type 2 diabetes.

Adult ; Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; metabolism ; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified ; metabolism ; Female ; Glucagon ; blood ; Humans ; Insulin ; secretion ; Islets of Langerhans ; secretion ; Male ; Middle Aged

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation ; methods ; Female ; Hematologic Diseases ; therapy ; Humans ; Infant ; Male

Background Medical refraction after cycloplegia is the preferable choice for precise measurement of degree of refractive error.Drugs used in China for cycloplegia include atropine and tropicamide,and the use of cyclopentolate is an alternative for ophthalmologist.However,the data for the evaluation and comparison of efficacy of the available drugs in cycloplegia is still lacking.Objective This system analysis was to evaluate the difference between atropine and cyclopentolate in cycloplegia in children.Methods A systematic literature retrieval was conducted in MEDLINE,EMbase,Google residual accommodation after cycloplegia by atropine and cyclopentolate were compared.Statistical analysis was performed using the RevMan 5.1.0 software.Results A total of 7 studies were included in this meta analysis,including 6 cohort study design and 1 randomized,doubleblinded clinical trial and 1232 eyes.For retinoscopic evaluation after cycloplegia,no significant differences were found between cyclopentolate and atropine in children with hyperopia and myopia (WMD =-0.21,95％ CI:-0.47-0.06,P=0.13 ; WMD =-0.10,95％ CI:-0.36-0.15,P =0.43).For residual accommodation after cycloplegia,no significant difference was seen between cyclopentolate and atropine in ammetropic children (WMD =0.30,95％ CI:-0.10-0.71,P =0.15).Conclusions Cyclopentolate shows the same effect on the cycloplegia as atropine in children,and it can take the place of atropine in cycloplegia in childhood.

Objective To estimate the current quality of the reporting of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) related to digestive diseases in China. Methods All the papers related to RCTs published in Chinese Journal of Digestion from 1999 to 2008 were hand-searched by professional staff then evaluated and analyzed them according to the international reference standard. ResultsIn the 3298 issues of the recent ten years, there were 92 research papers of RCTs which was accounting for 2.8%. The sample size ranged from 18 to 5241. Sixty-one (66.0%) trials included the exact standard of internalize and exclusion. Sixteen (17.4%) trails told the specific method of random allocation and 22(23.9%) were double-blinded. Fifty-eight (63.0%) trials compared the baseline condition of each groups. Seventy-three(79.3%) trails showed the specific approach of statistic. In the end, only 7(5.7%) trails were identified as the strictly-designed RCTs. Conclusions The quantity and quality of the clinical RCTs can not satisfy the demand of clinical practice. Strictly-scientific designed, multicentered, large sample prospective clinical RCT should be advocated.

Objective To compare the saccharometabolism with the pancreatic islets functions and insulin resistance index in children with severe stress. Methods Thirty children with severe stress and 30 healthy children in control group were tested. The levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS) and fasting C - peptide (FCP) were detected by radioimmunoassay respectively and insulin sensitivity index (ISI), insulin resistance index (IR) and fasting blood cell function index (FBCI) were calculated statistically. Results There were significant differences between the children with severe stress and the normal controls in the levels of FINS, FCP and FBG,(all P0.05). Conclusion There is insulin resistance with the significant decrease in the insulin sensitivity index and significant increase in insulin resistance index in the children with severe stress, which may cause the disorder in glucose metabolism in children with severe stress.

Objective To evaluate the effects of curcumin on the expression of receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) in the spinal dorsal horn and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) of the rats with type 2 diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP).Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 160-180 g,were used in this study.Type 2 diabetes mellitus was induced by high-fat and high-sucrose diet for 8 weeks and intraperitoneal streptozotocin (STZ) 35 mg/kg and confirmed by fasting blood glucose level ≥ 16.7 mmol/L 3 days later.Type 2 DNPwas confirmed by the mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT) and thermal paw withdrawal latency (TWL) measured on day 14 after STZ administration less than 80％ of the baseline value.Eighty-one rats with type 2 DNP were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =27 each) using a random number table:DNP group,DNP + curcumin group (DCur group),and DNP+ solvent group (group DSC).In DCur and DSC groups,curcumin 100 mg· kg-1 · d-1 and corn oil 4 ml · kg-1 · d-1 were injected intraperitonally,respectively,for 14 consecutive days starting from the day 14 after STZ administration.Another 27 normal male Sprague-Dawley rats served as control group (group C) and were fed with normal forage.MWT and TWL were measured before STZ injection,at day 14 after STZ injection,and on 3,7 and 14 days after curcumin injection.RAGE positive cells were determined by immuno-histochemistry and the expression of RAGE by Western blot in the spinal dorsal horn and DRG after MWT and TWL were measured on 3,7 and 14 days after curcumin injection.Results Compared with group C,MWT was significantly decreased and TWL was shortened at 14 days after STZ injection and each time point after curcumin injection,the rate of RAGE positive cells in the spinal dorsal horn and DRG was increased at each time point after curcumin injection,and the expression of RAGE was up-regulated in the spinal dorsal horn at each time point after curcumin injection and in the DRG at 7 and 14 days after curcumin injection in group DNP.Compared with group DNP,MWT was significantly increased and TWL was prolonged at each time point after curcumin injection,the rate of RAGE positive cells in the spinal dorsal horn and DRG was significantly decreased at 7 and 14 days after curcumin injection,and the expression of RAGE was down-regulated in the spinal dorsal horn at each time point after curcumin injection and in the DRG at 7 and 14 days after curcumin injection in group DCur,and no significant change was found in the parameters mentioned above in group DSC.Conclusion The mechanism by which curcumin attenuates DNP may be related to inhibition of up-regulated expression of RAGE in the spinal dorsal horn and DRG of rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus.