Object To study the effects of different growth regulators and organic additives on rooting of regenerated shoots from Dendrobium huoshanense C Z Tang et S J Cheng protocorm like bodies Methods In order to induce root development, the regenerated shoots were cultured on MS medium containing 3% sucrose and 0 8% agar and supplemented with NAA, IBA, BA, KT, banana mud or amino acids at different concentrations During rooting induction, the development of roots was observed and the frequency of rooted shoots was scored Results The frequency and the process of root initiation were significantly influenced by different growth regulators or organic additives For initiation and development of roots, the suitable concentration of NAA, IBA, BA, KT, banana mud or amino acids was 0 2 , 0 1, 0 8, 0 8 mg/L, 20% and 0 1%, respectively Conclusion In all media tested, NAA, IBA or banana mud display greater effects on rooting of regenerated shoots of D huoshanense than others and KT enables shoots to keep green

Objective To compare the isometric muscle strength of muscle groups in the lower extremities of children with spastic hemiplegia among sides or ages. Methods17 spastic hemiplegic children were measured the muscle strength of hip, knee and ankle muscle groups with hand-held dynamometry (HHD). ResultsMuscle strength was weaker in the involved side than in the other side. In younger children, it was weaker of overall extremity, while in the older it was of the distal end mainly. ConclusionWhen applying strength training to spastic hemiplegic children, it is important to notice strength of all groups in lower extremity in younger children and the distal groups in older ones.

Objective To compare the impact of propofol and sevoflurane on thermoregulation in children undergoing orheopaedic surgery.Methods Sixty-eight children scheduled to undergo ortho-paedic surgery were randomly allocated to receive propofol (group P)and sevoflurane(group S)anes-thesia,34 cases in each group.Tympanic temperature was recorded 5 minutes before (T0 )and 5 min (T1 ),1 5 min (T2 ),30 min (T3 ),45 min (T4 ),60 min (T5 ),75 min (T6 ),90 min (T7 ),105 min (T8 )and 120 min (T9 )after anesthesia.Total fluid intake,duration of surgery,duration of anesthe-sia,the incidence of hypothermia,and the incidence of shivering were also recorded.Results Com-pared with T0 ,in both groups body temperature declined at T1-T8 .There was no difference between the two groups in total fluid intake,duration of surgery,duration of anesthesia and the incidence of shivering.Compared with group P,children in group S had a higher incidence of hypothermia(8 vs 1). Children in group S had lower temperature,which had statistical significance at T7 and T8 (P <0.05). Conclusion The core temperature of children undergoing orthopaedic surgery showed a trend of in-crease after the first fall in the surgery.Compared with propofol,sevoflurane anesthesia is more likely to lead to the incidence of hypothermia in children undergoing orthopaedic surgery in 90 min after in-duction of anesthesia.

Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell ; pathology ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; pathology

Objective To explore the difference of the level of Th1/Th2 balance and change of CD4+ CD45R cell after treated by laparoseopy-assisted rectal cancer surgery and conventional open rectal cancer surgery, so to compare the effect of the two procedures on immunity function of the patients. Methods CD4+ IFN-γ+ T cell (Thl cell), CD4+ IL-4 + T cell( Th2 cell)and the ratio of Th1/Th2 were detected by flow cytometery ; The levels of IFN-γand IL-4 were measured by ELISA. The changes of CD4 + CD45RA+ T cell and CD4+ CD45RO+ T cell were detected in the different procedures so that the effect of the two procedures on eytoimmunity and immune balance were analyzed. Results Compared with baseline levels, the level of Th1 cells was decreased [ (4.51±1.52 ) %, (7.26 ±2.59) % vs. ( 12.06 ±1.82 ) % ] (P < 0.05 ) ; The level of Th2 cells was increased [ (6.70 ± 2.41 ) %, (6.70 ± 2.41 ) % vs. (4.47 ± 1.90) % ] ( P < 0.05 ) ; The level of IFN-γ was decreased [ (57.15± 23.64) ng/L, (72.70 ± 27. 31 ) ng/L vs. ( 123.47 ± 32. 52) ng/L ] ( P < 0. 01 ) ; The level of IL-4 was increased [(55.55±7.29)ng/L,(57.56 ±7.13)ng/L vs. [(41.87±5.83)ng/L] (P<0.05) on 2nd and 7th day after conventional open reeatal cancer surgery; The level of Thl, Th2, IFN-γ and IL-4 in the laparoscopy-assisted rectal cancer surgery was not different ( P > 0.05 ). At 7 day postoperatively, the level of the CD4+ CD45 RA+ T cells was in-creased (35.11 ±7.82) and the CD4+ CD45RO+T cells was decreased(61.21±9.13) compared with surgery be-fore(31.11±6.72) and (68.11 ±11.42) respectively (P< 0.05). Conclusions The laparoscopy-assisted rec-tal cancer surgery has less influence on immune balance, thus protect systemic cell immunity.

Objective To explore the preventive and therapeutic role of silencing type Ⅰ rat platelet-binding protein motifs depolymerization protein-like metalloproteinase 2(ADAMTS2)by siRNA on experimental liver fibrosis in vitro.By studying the mechanism of siRNA silencing of ADAMTS2,we also aim to evaluate the feasibility of ADAMTS2 as a target for anti-liver fibrosis therapy.Methods Three pairs of siRNAs targeting ADAMTS2 mRNA 2237,2597 and 690 targets were designed and synthesized by utilizing RNA design software.The most effective siRNA was chosen to transfect HSC-T6 cell line to test the tendency of hepatic stellate cell(HSC)activation and ex pression of ADAMTS2,COL1α1,COL(I),α-SMA,TGF-β1,MMP-2 and TIMP-3.These were quantified using real time-PCR,Western blotting,and MTT assays.Results Of the same dosage and time of injection,siRNA 2237 inhibited ADAMTS2 gene expression significantly more than other siRNAs.siRNA-ADAMTS2 2237 markedly inhibited ADAMTS2 gene and protein expression of HSCT6 with more than 80％ efficiency.Conversely,siRNA-ADAMTS2 2237 markedly reduced the gene and protein expressions of COL(I),α-SMA and TGF-β1 on HSC-T6 and inhibited the proliferation of HSC.Conclusions siRNA-ADAMTS2 2237 could effectively knockdown the gene and protein expression of ADAMTS2 in HSC-T6 cell lines.Silencing ADAMTS2 by siRNA significantly inhibited the activation,proliferation of HSC and the gene and protein expressions of COL(I),α SMA,and TGF-β1,and it may have a potential anti-fibrotic effect.ADAMTS2 might be an efficient target for anti-fibrotic therapy.

Objective To evaluate the antineoplastic effect of laser immunotherapy in mice with multiple cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC).Methods Normal immunocompetent hairless SKH-1 mice were consecutively irradiated by ultraviolet rays to establish mouse models of multiple CSCC.Then,20 CSCC-bearing mice were randomly and equally divided into 4 groups:laser group irradiated with an 808-nm near-infrared laser (1 W/cm2,10 minutes) once every two weeks for a total of 3 sessions,laser immunotherapy group irradiated with an 808-nm nearinfrared laser as above and topically treated with imiquimod cream once a day for 3 days before and after each session of irradiation,imiquimod group treated with imiquimod cream as in the laser immunotherapy group,and control group receiving no treatment.The volume of tumors was calculated,and their morphology as well as the survival of mice were observed after the treatment.The t test and Mantel-Cox log-rank test were used to compare the volume of tumors on the dorsum and survival rates of mice,respectively,on days 27 and 60 after the start of treatment.Another 12 CSCC-bearing mice were randomly and equally divided into the 4 groups mentioned above,and tumor tissues were resected from these mice for histopathological examination on day 5 after the first treatment.Results On day 27,the volume of tumors significantly increased in the control group and imiquimod group (both P ＜ 0.05),but experienced no significant increase in either of the other two groups compared with that before the start of treatment (both P ＞ 0.05).Moreover,the volume of tumors in the control group was slightly larger than that in the imiquimod group (P ＞ 0.05),but significantly larger than that in the laser group and laser immunotherapy group (both P ＜ 0.05).The volume of tumors in the laser group increased,and was significantly larger than that in the laser immunotherapy group on day 60 (P ＜ 0.05).Mice all died within 40 days in the control group,and within 50 days in the imiquimod group;one mouse died on days 52 and 53 separately,and the other mice all survived longer than 60 days in the laser group;no mice died within 60 days in the laser immunotherapy group.By day 60,the survival time of mice was slightly longer in the imiquimod group (P ＞ 0.05),significantly longer in the laser group and laser immunotherapy group compared with the control group (both P ＜ 0.05),but similar between the laser group and laser immunotherapy group (P ＞ 0.05).Histopathological examination showed that 5-day topical application of imiquimod cream did not cause death of tumor cells,but numerous tumor cells died in the laser group and laser immunotherapy group.Multiple inflammatory cells were observed around the tumors,and the number of the inflammatory cells was obviously larger in both the laser group and laser immunotherapy group,especially in the latter group,compared with the control group.Conclusion Laser immunotherapy is a new effective and safe treatment for CSCC in mice,and has potential value especially in the treatment of multiple or metastatic CSCC.

Objective To detect apoptosis of transplanted lung adenocarcinoma cells in nude mice after 125I brachytherapy by 99Tcm-Annexin V combined with diffusion weighted MRI (MR-DWI).Methods Twenty-five BALB/c-nu nude mice models subcutaneously transplanted with A549 cells were divided into experimental group (EG,n=13) and control group (CG,n=12) by random number table method.One 125I seed with apparent activity of (24.8±6.3) MBq was implanted into each mouse in EG,while CG underwent cold seed implantation.Both of 99Tcm-Annexin V imaging and MR-DWI were performed within 7-10 d after brachytherapy,then all mice were sacrificed and tumor cell apoptosis was detected by terminal oxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) immunofluorescence,Survivin expression was assayed by SP.Two-sample t test,x2 test and Pearson correlation analysis were used for data analysis.Results Positive rate of cell apoptosis by 99Tcm-Annexin V imaging was 69.2％(9/13) and 8.3％(1/12) respectively in EG and CG (x2 =12.73,P＜0.01).The uptake ratio of 99Tcm-Annexin V,apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC) value and apoptosis index(M) of the tumor in EG were 2.91±0.85,(2.03±0.44)×10-3 mm2/s and (49± 18) ％,respectively,which were significantly higher than those of CG (1.26 ± 0.37,(1.29 ± 0.21) ×10-3 mm2/s and (11±4)％ respectively,t=5.930,5.452,7.606,all P＜0.05).Survivin expression in EG and CG was (46± 13) ％ and (15±7) ％ respectively (t =5.158,P＜0.05).The value of ADC was correlated with AI and uptake ratio(r=0.756,0.788,both P＜0.05).Uptake ratio was correlated with AI (r=0.754,P＜0.05),while Survivin expression was negatively correlated with AI (r =-0.772,P＜0.05).Conclusions Down-regulation of Survivin expression may play an important role in apoptosis induced by 125I brachytherapy.99Tcm-Annexin V combined with MR-DWI could effectively evaluate apoptosis of lung adenocarcinoma cells in a non-invasive way,thus it might be helpful in evaluation of early efficacy of 125I brachytherapy.

With the rapid development of medical imaging technique, iodinated contrast media (IOCM) has become the most commonly used agent in performing imaging diagnosis and interventional therapy. The use of IOCM, especially the use of non-ionic iodine contrast media, has been swiftly increased in recent years. The accompanying untoward reactions, such as allergic reactions, cardiovascular reactions, contrast media nephropathy, thyroid toxicity, etc. prove to be the new problems that greatly perplex the medical circle. With the continuous improvement of the knowledge to the untoward reactions, more and more physicians have paid attention to contrast media induced thyroid toxicity. At present, researches concerning iodine contrast media thyroid toxicity are still few, and the relevant research is particularly rare in China. This paper aims to make a review about the influence of different kinds of iodine contrast media on thyroid function.