2.Interleukin-20 targets podocytes and is upregulated in experimental murine diabetic nephropathy.
Yu Hsiang HSU ; Hsing Hui LI ; Junne Ming SUNG ; Wei Yu CHEN ; Ya Chin HOU ; Yun Han WENG ; Wei Ting LAI ; Chih Hsing WU ; Ming Shi CHANG
Experimental & Molecular Medicine 2017;49(3):e310-
Interleukin (IL)-20, a proinflammatory cytokine of the IL-10 family, is involved in acute and chronic renal failure. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of IL-20 during diabetic nephropathy development. We found that IL-20 and its receptor IL-20R1 were upregulated in the kidneys of mice and rats with STZ-induced diabetes. In vitro, IL-20 induced MMP-9, MCP-1, TGF-β1 and VEGF expression in podocytes. IL-20 was upregulated by hydrogen peroxide, high-dose glucose and TGF-β1. In addition, IL-20 induced apoptosis in podocytes by activating caspase-8. In STZ-induced early diabetic nephropathy, IL-20R1-deficient mice had lower blood glucose and serum BUN levels and a smaller glomerular area than did wild-type controls. Anti-IL-20 monoclonal antibody (7E) treatment reduced blood glucose and the glomerular area and improved renal functions in mice in the early stage of STZ-induced diabetic nephropathy. ELISA showed that the serum IL-20 level was higher in patients with diabetes mellitus than in healthy controls. The findings of this study suggest that IL-20 induces cell apoptosis of podocytes and plays a role in the pathogenesis of early diabetic nephropathy.
Animals
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Apoptosis
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Blood Glucose
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Caspase 8
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Diabetes Mellitus
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Diabetic Nephropathies*
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Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
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Glucose
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Humans
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Hydrogen Peroxide
;
In Vitro Techniques
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Interleukin-10
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Interleukins
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Kidney
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Kidney Failure, Chronic
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Mice
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Podocytes*
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Rats
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
3.The analysis of adverse health effects of occupational hazards factors in one solid waste landfill.
Ting-Ming SHI ; Shao-Fan WENG ; Yue-Wei LIU ; Hua TAO ; Xin WANG ; Yan-Fei GUO ; He-Ping WANG ; Hai-Jiao WANG ; Ke-Hong WANG ; Dan YU ; Wei-Hong CHEN
Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases 2011;29(7):514-518
OBJECTIVETo determine occupational hazards in work sites of a large solid waste landfill and analyze their adverse health effects.
METHODThe national standardized detection methods were used to determine dust concentration, harmful gas and physical factors in worksites. Routine physical examination, pulmonary function, hearing tests and nervous system test were performed in workers for 2 consecutive years. Urine lead, cadmium and mercury contents were detected. The comet assay was use to measure DNA damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes among workers.
RESULTThe main occupational hazard factors in this solid landfill are dust, harmful gas, high temperature and noise. The oxides, carbon monoxide, and noise and high temperatures in summer at some work sites exceeded the national occupational exposure limits. The prevalence of respiratory inflammation and rate of pulmonary function decrease among front-line workers and on-site technical managers are 21.2% and 11.5%, which are significantly higher than those among administrative staff (7.1% and 0) (P < 0.05). Nervous system abnormalities rate of front-line workers and on-site technical managers was 50.0%, which is significantly higher than that (26.7%) of administrative staff (P < 0.05). Because of long-term exposure to high intensity noice, hearing loss rate of bulldozer drivers was 10.3%. In addition, about 75% of workers with DNA damage in peripheral blood lymphocyte are front-line workers.
CONCLUSIONAdverse health effects from occupational hazards were observed among workers in this solid waste landfill.
Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Diseases ; epidemiology ; Occupational Exposure ; Refuse Disposal ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; epidemiology ; Risk Factors ; Workplace
4.Occurrence of Intracranial Hemorrhage and Associated Risk Factors in Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy With Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy:A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Qi-Lun LAI ; Yin-Xi ZHANG ; Jun-Jun WANG ; Ye-Jia MO ; Li-Ying ZHUANG ; Lin CHENG ; Shi-Ting WENG ; Song QIAO ; Lu LIU
Journal of Clinical Neurology 2022;18(5):499-506
Background:
and Purpose Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is thought to be a rare but probably underestimated presentation of cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis with the aim of comprehensively revealing the occurrence of ICH in patients with CADASIL.
Methods:
English-language studies published up to September 30, 2021 were searched for in the MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases. The design, patient characteristics, occurrence rate of ICH, and associated risk factors were retrieved for each identified relevant study.
Results:
We enrolled 13 studies in the final meta-analysis, which included 1,310 patients with CADASIL. The probability of ICH occurrence in patients with CADASIL was 10.1% (95% confidence interval [CI]=5.6%–18.0%, I2 =85.1%). When stratified by geographic region, the occurrence rate of ICH was much higher in Asians (17.7%; 95% CI=11.0%–28.5%, I2 =76.3%) than in Europeans (2.0%; 95% CI=0.4%–10.8%, I2 =82.8%). A higher burden of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) and a history of hypertension were the most commonly recorded risk factors for ICH, which were available for three and two of the included studies, respectively.
Conclusions
Our study suggests that ICH is an important clinical manifestation of CADASIL, especially in Asians. A higher burden of CMBs and the existence of hypertension were found to be associated with a higher probability of ICH occurrence in patients with CADASIL.
5.Thoracolumbar Injury Classification and Severity Score Is Predictive of Perioperative Adverse Events in Operatively Treated Thoracic and Lumbar Fractures
Gabriel LIU ; Jiong Hao TAN ; Jun Cheong KONG ; Yong Hao Joel TAN ; Nishant KUMAR ; Shen LIANG ; Seah Jing Sheng SHAWN ; Chiu Shi TING ; Lau Leok LIM ; Hey Hwee Weng DENNIS ; Naresh KUMAR ; Joseph THAMBIAH ; Hee-Kit WONG
Asian Spine Journal 2022;16(6):848-856
Methods:
We performed a retrospective review of 199 patients with surgically treated thoracolumbar fractures operated between January 2007 and January 2018. The potential risk factors for the development of AEs as well as the development of common complications were evaluated by univariate analysis, and a multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors predictive of the above.
Results:
The overall rate of AEs was 46.7%; 83 patients (41.7%) had nonsurgical AEs, whereas 24 (12.1%) had surgical adverse events. The most common AEs were urinary tract infections in 43 patients (21.6%), and hospital-acquired pneumonia in 21 patients (10.6%). On multivariate logistic regression, a Thoracolumbar Injury Classification and Severity (TLICS) score of 8–10 (odds ratio [OR], 6.39; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.33–17.51), the presence of polytrauma (OR, 2.64; 95% CI, 1.17–5.99), and undergoing open surgery (OR, 2.31; 95% CI, 1.09–4.88) were significant risk factors for AEs. The absence of neurological deficit was associated with a lower rate of AEs (OR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.31–0.70).
Conclusions
This study suggests the presence of polytrauma, preoperative American Spinal Injury Association score, and TLICS score are predictive of AEs in patients with surgically treated thoracolumbar fractures. The results might also suggest a role for minimally invasive surgical methods in reducing AEs in these patients.
6.Exercise regulates bone metabolism via microRNAs.
Yu YUAN ; Lin-Zhen RAO ; Shi-Hua ZHANG ; Yang XU ; Ting-Ting LI ; Jun ZOU ; Xi-Quan WENG
Acta Physiologica Sinica 2023;75(3):429-438
It has been well documented that exercise can improve bone metabolism, promote bone growth and development, and alleviate bone loss. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are widely involved in the proliferation and differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts and other bone tissue cells, and regulation of balance between bone formation and bone resorption by targeting osteogenic factors or bone resorption factors. Thus miRNAs play an important role in the regulation of bone metabolism. Recently, regulation of miRNAs are shown to be one of the ways by which exercise or mechanical stress promotes the positive balance of bone metabolism. Exercise induces changes of miRNAs expression in bone tissue and regulates the expression of related osteogenic factors or bone resorption factors, to further strengthen the osteogenic effect of exercise. This review summarizes relevant studies on the mechanism whereby exercise regulates bone metabolism via miRNAs, providing a theoretical basis for osteoporosis prevention and treatment with exercise.
Humans
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MicroRNAs/metabolism*
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Osteogenesis/genetics*
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Cell Differentiation
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Osteoblasts
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Bone Resorption/metabolism*