Acute Disease ; Adult ; Age Factors ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; prevention & control ; Pesticides ; poisoning ; Poisoning ; epidemiology ; mortality ; prevention & control ; Rural Population ; Sex Factors ; Survival Rate

Prostate cancer is one of the common malignant tumors of the urinary system and mostly found in elderly men. Like most tumors, prostate cancer involves a variety of molecules in its occurrence and progression. More studies on the development of prostate cancer focus on the tumor markers, DNA damage repair related genes, and tumor invasion and metastasis related factors. This article presents an overview on the research progress in these three aspects.
Biomarkers, Tumor ; Biomedical Research ; DNA Repair ; Disease Progression ; Humans ; Male ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology

Objective To evaluate the safety、feasibility and the long-term effectiveness of polyurethane stent placement for treatment of nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Methods Fifty-three cases (64 eyes) with complete nasolacrimal duct obstruction received the lacrimal stent placement. Dacryocystography was performed before and after the procedure. The average follow-up period was 48.3 months (range, 13-78months), the long-term patency and the effectiveness after stents removal were analyzed. Results Stent placement was technically successful in 62eyes, and the success rate was 96.9% with no severe complications. On long-term follow up, the stent patency rate was 76.8% at 1 year. However, it decreased to 33.3% at 3 years and 28.6% at 5 years. Nine stents were removed when the symptoms recurred, including granulation tissue in 4 stents and mucous material in 5. After removal, 2 nasolacrimal ducts were patent, and 2 kept patent after stents replacement, but all reoccluded within 6 months. Conclusions Interventional placement of polyurethane stent in the obstructed nasolacrimal duct is a simple and safe outpatient procedure, but the long-term patency is not encouraging, and the right stent removal time has not yet been approved.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of N-ras oncogene expression in acute myelogenous leukemia(AML).Methods N-ras oncongene in 10 cases of AML were determined using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results 3/10 cases were the positive expression,the positive rates were 30%;2/3 patients were treated to complete remmision(CR).Their N-ras oncogene change negative,1/3 patients was no remmision(NR),his N-ras oncogene change negative,1/3 patient was no remmision(NR),his N-ras oncogene keeps positive and dead after 4 months.Conclusions Determination of the N-ras oncogene expression in AML has worthy for diagnose and prognosis.

Objective:To investigate the expression and correlation of cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) and c-erbB-2 in human breast cancer.Methods: The expressions of COX-2 and c-erbB-2 in 48 breast cancer patients with breast cancer were detected with immunohistochemistry examination and was analyzed.The relationship between their expression and the clinicopathologic characters of breast cancer was also analyzed.Results: The positive rate of COX-2 was 60.4%(29/48) in these patients;the expression was higher in patients with tumor size larger than 2 cm,lymph node metastasis,and negative expression of ER or PR,but was not related with the ages,the pathologic types and the TNM stages.Expression of c-erbB-2 was identified in(39.6%)(19/48) of these patients;the expression was significantly higher in patients with lymph node metastasis or negative expression of ER and PR,but was not related with the ages,the sizes and the pathologic types.COX-2 was positive in 84.2%(16/19) of patients positive of c-erbB-2 and in 44.8%(13/29) of patients negative of c-erbB-2,with significant difference found between the 2 figures(P=0.006).Conclusion: The high expression of COX-2 in breast cancer is related to the expression of c-erbB-2,suggesting that they may regulate each other and jointly contribute to the tumorigenesis and progression of breast cancer.

Objective:To observe the clinical effect and adverse reaction of capecitabine as first-line monotherapy in elderly patients with stage Ⅱa breast cancer.Methods:From June 2002 to June 2005,71 elderly patients with stage Ⅱa breast cancer received chemotherapy(different scheme:capecitabine group and CEF group) after operation.The efficacies and adverse reactions were evaluated and compared between the two groups.Results:The 3-year and 5-year survival rates of patients in capecitabine group were 97.06% and 94.12%,respectively; the relapse rate was 5.88%; all were comparable to those of CEF group. One of the advantages of capecitabine was its oral administration. The adverse effect of capecitabine was mainly hand-foot syndrome,with an incidence of 82.35%,but was tolerable. The gastrointestinal reaction and bone marrow repression in capecitabine group were significantly lower than those in the CEF group(P

OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the efficacy and safety of Calf spleen extract injection combined with chemo-therapy in the treatment of cancer,and provide evidence-based reference for clinical treatment. METHODS:Retrieved from Co-chrane Library,PubMed,Medline,EMBase,CJFD,Wanfang and VIP Database,randomized controlled trials(RCT)of the effica-cy and safety about Calf spleen extract injection combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of cancer were collected. Meta-analy-sis was performed by using Rev Man 5.0 software after data extract and quality evaluation by Cochrane 5.0. RESULTS:Totally 23 RCT were enrolled,including 1 682 patients. Results of Meta-analysis showed Calf spleen extract injection combined with chemo-therapy in the treatment of cancer can significantly improve the effective rate [OR=2.17,95%CI(1.68,2.81),P<0.001] and im-provement rate of life quality [OR=4.26,95%CI(2.47,7.32),P<0.001] and also reduce the degree rate of WBC and PLT,the inci-dence rate of nausea and emesis,the differences were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS:Calf spleen extraction injection combined with chemotherapy has good efficacy and safety in the treatment of cancer.

Hearing Loss, Sudden ; Humans

ObjectiveTo study central venous oxygen saturation (ScyO2) in controlled hemorrhagic shock rabbits resuscitation process as a transfusion trigger and traditional transfusion trigger of comparison.MethodsSelection New Zealand pure line of rabbit 32 only,simple randonly divided into 4 groups,groups A and B for the observation group,groups C and D as control group,groups of eight only.A,B,C,D four groups respectively by ScvO2 ≤70％,ScvO2 ≤75％,hemoglobin (Hb)≥8g/dl,blood loss for the whole blood volume≥30％ as transfusion trigger.From right femoral artery bloodletting 10 minute inside,made the MAP to about (40 ± 5 )mmHg,and maintained the blood pressure 60 minutes,established controlled hemorrhagic shock rabbits of animal model.And then started to resuscitate,with colloid and crystalloid infusion according to the proportion 1∶2,infusion rate of about 10 ～ 15ml/( kg · h),according to the blood pressure and heart rate,and proper adjustment according to the different requirements of each group conducted a blood transfusion.Monitoring based value,shock,shock treatment 30 minutes,60 minutes,120 minutes,180 minutes all time points,and various indexes of blood loss,blood transfusions,crystalloid and colloid fluid volume and so on.ResultsIn shock treatment observation group A late blood pressure,pH,BE,HCO3-,O2ER etc compared with the other three groups had obvious statistical differences ( P ＜ 0.05 ),group B with C and D two groups at the same time points each monitoring were no significant differences ( P ＞0.05 ).The volume of transfusion group C was most,compared with the other three groups were significant difference ( P ＜ 0.05 ),group D of blood transfusions than A,B two groups (P ＜ 0.05 ),groups A and B infused colloid fluid,crystal fluid volume than groups C and D ( P ＜ 0.05 ),each group blood lossed without significant difference.ConclusionScvO2 for controlled hemorrhagic shock rabbit resuscitation monitoring can guide controlled hemorrhagic shock rabbit of blood transfusions,according to ScvO2 ≤75％ transfusion with traditional according to Hb or blood loss transfusion trigger comparison,can achieve the same resuscitation effect,and can more accurately and individualized guide transfusion,reduce unnecessary blood transfusions,save resources.

Objective To understand the progress in schistosomiasis resoareh over the last l0 years through a biblimetrie approaeh.Methods The literature was searched in Web of Science citation database (1998-2008)by using the following terms: schistosomiasis* or schistosoma or schistosome. The searching results were analyzed by the Derwent Analytics software concerning the article numbers and the total citations by countries,institutes and authors, and journal distribution, in an effort to discover schistosomiasis research progress in and outside China. Results The annual number of schistosomiasis articles published in Web of Science had little change from 1998 to 2008.The US phyed a leading role in the schistosomiasis research in the world.China had made a great progress in schistosomiasis research in the past years.but Was still lagging behind developed countries.The vaccine and drug development,the immune mechanisms resulting in morbidity were the focuses of schistosomiasis research in the world.Meanwhile.the transcriptome and proteome of Schistosoma japonicum,schistosomiasis vaccines and drugs,spatial epidemiology Were the focuses of research in China.Conclusion The research of schistosomiasis in China has been progressing rapidly,but is still lagging behind its international peers.