Adolescent ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; blood ; Insulin ; blood ; Insulin Resistance ; Male

OBJECTIVETo assess the efficacy and safety of Wuji Powder (WP) and a small dose aripiprazole in treatment of antipsychotic drug-induced phlegm dampness type amenorrhea.

METHODSSeventy female schizophrenic patients with antipsychotic drug-induced galactorrhea-amenorrhea syndrome (GAS) were recruited and randomly assigned to the treatment group and the control group, 35 in each group. All patients received antipsychotic drug therapy. Patients in the treatment group additionally took WP, while those in the control group took aripiprazole (at the daily dose of 5 mg, once daily). The therapeutic course for all was 4 weeks. Prolactin levels and obesity indices[body weight, waist aircumstance, body mass index (BMI) and waist-hit ratio (WHR)] were determined before and after treatment. The efficacy was evaluated.

RESULTSThe treatment course was completed in 95.71% of patients. The total effective rate of the 33 patients of the treatment group was 93.94% (31/33), while it was 91.18% (31/34) in the 34 patients of the control group. There was no difference in the total effective rate between the two groups (P > 0.05). Prolactin levels in both group after treatment were significantly lower than those of the baseline (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference in prolactin levels between the two groups after treatment (P > 0.05). Compared with before treatment, body weight, BMI, waist circumstance, and waist-hip ratio obviously decreased after treatment, showing significant difference when compared with the control group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in body weight, BMI, waist circumstance, and waist-hip ratio in the control group between before and after treatment (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSBoth WP and aripiprazole could lower high prolactin levels of schizophrenics with phlegm dampness type amenorrhea. They showed equivalent efficacy. But WP showed more obvious effect in reducing obesity indices.

Aged ; Amenorrhea ; drug therapy ; Antipsychotic Agents ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Aripiprazole ; Body Mass Index ; Body Weight ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Galactorrhea ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Obesity ; Piperazines ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Quinolones ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Waist-Hip Ratio

To evaluate the efficacy of HbA1C in diagnosing diabetes in subjects with primary hypertension.The results demonstrated that the area under the reciever operating characteristic ( ROC ) curve was 0.895,with corresponding sensitivity of 85.4％,and specificity of 82.2％,when the optimal cutpoint of HbA1C in diagnosing diabetes was 6.0％.Our study suggested that HbA1C ≥6.0％ can be used efficiently in diagnosing diabetes in patients with primary hypertension.

Objective To investigate the molecular genetic changes of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene and c-myc gene in anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL). Methods The structural aberrations and changes of copy numbers in ALK and c-myc genes in 72 paraffin-embedded ALCL specimens were detected by interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Results Among 72 ALCL specimens, ALK protein was expressed in 42, ALK gene translocation was detected in 40 specimens in which extra copies of ALK gene were detected in 17. ALK gene translocation was not found in all 30 ALK negative specimens, but extra copies of ALK gene were detected in 14 cases. The difference of incidence rates of extra copies in ALK gene between ALK positive and ALK negative specimens was not significant (P＞0.05). c-myc gene translocation was not found in any of 72 ALCL specimens, but extra copies were detected in 24 cases.Conclusion Most (75.0%) ALCL have ALK gene aberration, in which ALK gene translocations are most common (55.6%), and the extra copies of ALK gene are relatively common genetic changes (43.1%). The ALK gene aberration is only detected in ALK positive ALCL and the gene translocations are in either ALK positive and negative ALCL. There is no or rare c-myc gene translocation in ALCL, but extra copies of c-myc gene are relatively common (33.3%).

AIM:To observed the protective effect of diminazene aceturate(DIZE),an angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2)activator,on rats with diabetic cardiomyopathy(DCM).METHODS:Male Wistar rats(n=30)were randomly divided into normal control group ,DCM group and DIZE treatment group(DIZE group).The rats in DCM group and DIZE group were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin(65 mg/kg )to establish diabetic model.After 12 weeks,the diabetic rats were infused with DIZE at 15 mg· kg-1 · d-1 or the same volume of saline for 4 weeks using os-motic minipump.The cardiac function was measured at the end of the 16th week.The methods of Mason staining and HE staining were used to observe the morphological changes of the myocardial tissue.Western blot ,ELISA and immunohisto-chemistry were used to observe the changes of ACE2,angiotensin(Ang)Ⅱ,Ang-(1-7),interleukin(IL)-1,IL-6 and connective tissue growth factor(CTGF).RESULTS:DIZE significantly improved the expression of ACE 2 in diabetic rats(P<0.05).Compared with DCM group,the levels of IL-1 and IL-6 in DIZE group were significantly decreased ,and the cardiac function in DIZE group was significantly improved(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:ACE2 endogenous agonist DIZE significantly increases the ACE 2 level and reduces the level of inflammation ,thus protecting the heart function of DCM rats.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of short-term sensor-augmented insulin-pump (SAP) therapy for poorly controlled patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).Methods Sixty T1DM patients with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c)>9.0% were randomly assigned to 2 groups treated with SAP or multiple daily insulin injection ( MDI) for 6 days, then all patients converted to MDI therapy. Results Compared with MDI group and before therapy, the mean blood glucose concentration ( MBG) , SD of blood glucose, mean amplitude of glycemic excursion ( MAGE) and 24-h area under curve at 10.0 ( AUC10.0 ) levels in SAP group significantly decreased after 6-day therapy ( compared with MDI group:t=1.761,P=0.028, t=2.569,P=0.037, t=2.712,P=0.020, t=2.985,P=0.014, compared with before therapy:t=3.128,P=0.006, t=2.689,P=0.024, t=2.966,P=0.013, t=3.076,P=0.009);while there was no difference in 24-h area under curve at 3.9 (AUC3.9) between groups (P>0.05).After 1 month follow-up HbA1c levels decreased in SAP group (t=2.344,P=0.023) and were significantly lower than those in MDI group (t=1.844, P=0.035).There was no difference in daily insulin dosage, fasting C peptide (FCP) and postprandial 2h C peptide (2hCP) between two groups (P>0.05).Age (t=2.125, P=0.012) and SAP therapy (t=3.376, P=0.009) were independently correlated with the HbA1c after 1 month.Conclusion Short-term SAP therapy is effective and safe for poorly controlled T1DM patients with rapid glucose lowering and glycemic excursions reduction.

Objective Based on the text analysis of COVID-19 media report, text mining was used to probe the trend of major public health emergencies and response of the government and social subjects in China. Methods Using the topic model method, we focused on the quantity of news report, topic content, development trend, and emotional tendency, to present the characteristics of media report on China's public health emergency, and the response mechanism of the Chinese government and the whole society. Results The media report and news commentary of COVID-19 showed a consistent trend with the epidemic progress. The governmental response was the main target of media report, while social power, medical progress and other categories also attracted some attention. The development trend of different topics was characterized by continual or periodic variation due to their different attributes. Conclusion The topic model method comprehensively demonstrates the development and response process of the COVID-19 epidemic. The model may provide a new perspective to improve the national public emergency management system.

OBJECTIVEThe Ministry of Public Health released the National Surveillance project on Shigellosis in August, 2005. This study was to reveal the antimicrobial resistance status of Shigella isolates through the National Shigellosis Surveillance System in 2005 in China, so as to provide evidence for the development of surveillance, prevention and cure of Shigellosis.

METHODSAll the lab assistants received training from Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. The project prescribed the uniform experimentation, quality control method, reagent, etc. Disc diffusion test(K-B) was carried out, following the CLSI methods. Data were analyzed by WHONET 5.4 software.

RESULTS(1) 3 serotypes were identified and S. flexneri was common that accounted for 75.5% of all Shigella isolates followed by 24.4% of S. sonnei, but only 1 strain of S. dysenteriae was separated. (2) The resistant rates to tetracycline and ampicillin in Shigella spp were quite high, as over 90.0%. However, the resistant rate to Cefotaxime was the lowest, only 6.1%. The resistant rates were different between serotypes with the resistant rates of S. flexneri to ampicillin, ampicillin/clavulanate and ciprofloxacin were higher than those of S. sonnei (P < 0.001). (3) The multiple-antibiotic-resistance status in Shigella spp was quite serious and the resistant rate to five and more antimicrobials was 54.9%. The most common resistant patterns were seen on ampicillin, nalidixin, tetracycline and sulfamethoxazole. (4) There were some differences in subtypes and antimicrobial resistance among different provinces.

CONCLUSIONCefotaxime seemed the best in curing Shigellosis at the clinic level. Programs regarding monitoring subtypes and antimicrobial resistance of Shigella should be in a continuous manner so as to understand the pathogens timely and to control the disease pertinently.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; China ; Drug Resistance, Microbial ; Dysentery, Bacillary ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Population Surveillance ; Serotyping ; Shigella ; drug effects

Antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) is a new class of therapeutics composed of a monoclonal antibody and small cytotoxin moieties conjugated through a chemical linker. ADC molecules bind to the target antigens expressed on the tumor cell surfaces guided by the monoclonal antibody component. The binding ADC molecules can be internalized and subsequently the toxin moieties can be released within the tumor cells via chemical and/or enzymatic reactions to kill the target cells. The conjugation combines the merits of both components, i.e., the high target specificity of the monoclonal antibody and the highly potent cell killing activity of the cytotoxin moieties. However, such complexities make the pharmacokinetic and metabolic studies of ADCs highly challenging. The major challenges should include characterization of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion, investigation of underlying mechanisms, assessment of pharmacokinetic- pharmacodynamic relationship, and analytical method development of ADC drugs. This review will discuss common pharmacokinetic issues and considerations, as well as tools and strategies that can be utilized to characterize the pharmacokinetic and metabolic properties of ADCs.
Antibodies, Monoclonal ; pharmacokinetics ; Cytotoxins ; pharmacokinetics ; Humans ; Immunoconjugates ; pharmacokinetics ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of icariin on the streptozocin (STZ)-induced epididymis impair in rats.

METHODSThe epididymis impair was induced by injection of streptozocin at dosage of 60 mg/kg ip in SD rats. Animals were randomly divided into six groups (n = 14): normal control, model group, three icariin treated group with different dosages (P.O, 20 mg/kg, 40 mg/kg, 80 mg/kg especially) and rosiglitazone group (P.O, 3 mg/kg), 12 weeks later, animals were sacrificed. The level of serum glucose, the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), acid phosphatase (ACP), gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (gamma-GT), alpha-glucosidase activity as well as sialic acid (SA), fructose level in the epididymis were determined. The pathological examination was performed under microscope after the epididymis was fixed by 4% poly-formalin and stained by HE.

RESULTSCompared with the normal control, the activity of LDH, ACP, gamma-GT and alpha-glucosidase in the epididymis revealed a decline, with lower level of SA and fructose. Histological examination showed that mature spermatocytes in the epididymis markedly decreased. These alterations were ameliorated in the groups with the treatment of icariin at 40 mg/kg and 80 mg/kg, but not at 20 mg/kg.

CONCLUSIONIcariin ameliorated the signs of epididymis in diabetic rats induced by streptozocin, this effect might carry out by promoting the elevation of special enzyme and energy metabolism in the epididymis.

Acid Phosphatase ; metabolism ; Animals ; Blood Glucose ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; physiopathology ; Epididymis ; drug effects ; enzymology ; physiopathology ; Flavonoids ; pharmacology ; Fructose ; metabolism ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; metabolism ; Male ; N-Acetylneuraminic Acid ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; alpha-Glucosidases ; metabolism ; gamma-Glutamyltransferase ; metabolism