Objective To know the levels of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins(PCDDs),polychlorinated dibenzo-p-furan (PCDFs)and polychlorinated biphenyl(PCBs)in milk and milk powder.Methods From Feb.2007 to Jun.2007,the milk and milk powder samples were collected and PCDDs,PCDFs and PCBs were extracted from the samples by Soxhlet extraction,cleaned up by FMS and quantified by HRGC-HRMS,using isotope dilution methodology.Results PCDDrFs and PCBs were detected in all samples.The mean levels of PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs TEQ in the milk powder were 0.43 pg/g lipid(median:0.34 pg/g lipid),and in the packed milk were 3.83pg/g)lipid(median:2.04 pg/g lipid).The mean levels of PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs TEQ in all samples were 2.13 pg/g lipid(median:0.815 pg/g lipid).The levels of PCDD/Fs and dioxin-like PCBs in the detected samples were far below the limitation of EU except of two milk samples,and the levels of PCDD/Fs and dioxin-like PCBs were higher in the packed milk than those in the milk powder.Conclusion Some of the milk and milk powder in the investigated city has been polluted by polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins(PCDDs),polychlorinated dibenzo-p-furan(PCDFs)and polychlorinated biphenyl(PCBs).

Adult ; Behavior ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Patient Acceptance of Health Care ; psychology ; statistics & numerical data ; Substance-Related Disorders ; psychology ; Young Adult

Objective:To investigate the willingness to pay (WTP) for treatment and its influencing factors, to evaluate the correlation between the disease burden (quality of life) index and dermatology life quality index (DLQI) in patients with rosacea, and to provide a basis for individualized diagnosis and treatment.Methods:Patients with rosacea were enrolled via a WeChat platform at Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital from August 2019 to February 2020. An online questionnaire survey was performed to investigate the WTP for a single session of treatment by which rosacea is assumed to be cured, and general information as well as data about clinical characteristics and DLQI scores were collected. Factors influencing high WTP were analyzed by using a logistic regression model.Results:Among the 435 respondents, 397 (91.3%) were females and 38 (8.7%) were males, with an age of 28.46 ± 8.33 years (range, 18- 63 years) . The respondents spent 10 474.95 ± 834.19 ( M[ P25, P75], 5 000 [1 000, 10 000]) RMB Yuan on previous medical treatment; the WTP was 12 510.86 ± 990.84 ( M[ P25, P75], 5 000[2 000, 10 000]) RMB Yuan; the DLQI score was 11.2 ± 0.38. Logistic regression analysis showed that lesions on the cheeks ( OR= 1.89, P= 0.041) , annual household income of > 100 000 RMB Yuan ( OR= 1.63, P= 0.029) , disease duration of > 1 year ( OR= 2.82, P < 0.001) , high number of visits in the past 1 year ( OR= 1.62, P < 0.001) , high self-rated rosacea severity score ( OR= 1.16, P= 0.002) and high DLQI score ( OR= 1.52, P < 0.001) were associated high WTP for treatment. Spearman correlation analysis showed that the DLQI score was positively correlated with WTP ( rs= 0.27, P < 0.05) and relative WTP (the proportion of WTP to monthly income, rs= 0.133, P < 0.05) . Conclusions:Among the patients with rosacea in Changsha, the WTP was at a moderate to high level, reflecting a serious impact on the quality of life. The WTP value can indirectly reflect the quality of life and help to rapidly understand the burden of disease in patients with rosacea.

BackgroundStudies confirmed that ultraviolet A (UVA)- riboflavin photodynamic therapy can control keratoconus progresses by altering the physicochemical property of cornea.The collagen components of amniotic membrane transplantation is similar to that of cornea and amniotic membrane transplantation has been widely used to ocular surface reconstruction.However,the study on UVA riboflavin-induced-collagen crosslinking for amniotic tissue is less now.ObjectiveThis study was to investigate the role of UVA-riboflavin on frozen-preserved human amniotic membrane.Methods Human amnions were obtained in informed consent and prepared into 2 mm×15 mm pieces and were then divided into 4 groups using lottery method and 6 pieces for each group.The first 3 groups were treated with the photosensitizer riboflavin and UVA-irradiation ( wavelength:370 nm ; irradiation energy:1,2 or 3 mW/cm2,distance:10 mm) for 30 minutes,and the untreated fourth group was as control group.Biomechanical stress-strain test was performed using a microcomputer-controlled biomaterial tester and the stress(mN) was recorded when the strains were set to 5％,10％ and 15％.The 7 mm diameter of human amniotic membrane pieces were trephined and divided into 4 groups(5 pieces for each group) with the treated method as mentioned above,and then the buttons were exposed to 0.1％ collagenase Ⅰ solution.The transparency was scored and the complete dissolving time was record.In histological evaluation,three groups (3 pieces for each group) of human amniotic membranes were treated using UVAriboflavin(3 mW/cm2),0.1％riboflavin,normal saline for 30 minutes respectively and examined under the transmission electron microscopy.This study was performed under the permission of the Ethic Commission of Beijing Tongren Hospital.ResultsWhenthestrainwas 5％,10％,15％,thestressof controlgroupand1,2,3 mW/cm2UVA group were statistically signifcantly different ( F =3.411,P =0.037; F =9.927,P =0.001;F=11.118,P=0.000).The tensile strength of human amniotic membrane cross-linked with UVA-riboflavin was statistically significantly increased in comparison to the control group (P＜0.05 ),and the tensile strength of human amniotic membrane became stronger as UVA power increased.The complete dissolve time was (8.6± 1.8 ) hours for the control group,(39.6± 2.3 ) hours for 1 mW/cm2 UVA group,(71.4±0.9 ) hours for 2 mW/cm2 UVA group,(78.8± 1.8 ) hours for 3 mW/cm2 UVA group,showing the enhanced anti-enzyme ability of human amniotic membrane after cross-linking(P＜0.01 ).The collagen density in the UVA-riboflavin treated group was increased,the connection among the collagen fibers as well as between the stroma and the epithelium became tighter than those of control group.ConclusionsCollagen cross-linking with UVA-riboflavin make the biomechanical strength and enzymatic resistance of human amniotic membrane enhance and ultrastructure change of human amniotic membrane.

Autopsy ; Eye Injuries ; Forensic Medicine ; Humans

Abstract: Objective To analyze the industry characteristics of new occupational pneumoconiosis in Foshan from 2007 to Methods 2021. The data of new cases of occupational pneumoconiosis in Foshan City from 2007 to 2021 were obtained from “ ” ， “ the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System subsystem the Occupational Disease and Health Hazardous ”， Results Factors Monitoring Information System and the industry characteristics of the cases were analyzed. From 2007 to ， ， （ ） 2021 there were 886 new cases of occupational pneumoconiosis in Foshan mainly include silicosis 68.3% in males （ ）， （ ） 94.2% and stage Ⅰ pneumoconiosis cases 75.9% . The median age of cases at the time of diagnosed disease was 47 years ， old and the median working age of dust exposure was 11.2 years. The enterprises where all cases are located involve eight top ， ； ， - industry categories of which manufacturing industry accounted for 97.6% and 30 major industry categories of which non （ ） ， metallic mineral products industry was the highest 60.5% . There were 554 sporadic cases and 332 cluster cases and the ， ， Conclusion industries were mainly non-metallic mineral products accounting for 55.0% and 69.6% respectively. ， - Occupational pneumoconiosis in Foshan is dominated by silicosis and the key industries are non metallic mineral products.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of debridement combined with vacuum sealing drainage (VSD) technique in treatment of high-pressure paint injection injuries of hand.

METHODSFrom April 2005 to August 2010,14 patients with high-pressure paint injection injuries of hand were treated with debridement and VSD technique within 6 hours after injury. All the patients were male,ranging in age from 23 to 47 years with an average of 36.5 years. All injuries occurred left hand,thumb injured in 5 cases,index finger in 3 cases, middle finger in 2 cases and palm in 4 cases. Injured hands swelled obviously with poor blood circulation. When the wounds were covered with fresh granulation tissue without inflammatory effusion after operation of 3-4 times, the skingrafting (9 cases) or transfer flap (5 cases) were done on the wounds.

RESULTSAll the patients were followed up from 8 to 16 months with an average of 12 months. All the wounds obtained good healing. Therapeutic effects were estimated according to TAM criteria, 7 cases were excellent,6 good and 1 fair.

CONCLUSIONIn high-pressure paint injection injuries of hands,debridement combined with VSD technique can avoid wound infection,promote the growth of granulation tissue. It is beneficial to wound healing.

Adult ; Debridement ; methods ; Drainage ; methods ; Hand Injuries ; surgery ; Humans ; Injections ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Paint

OBJECTIVETo investigate the levels of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-furans (PCDD-Fs) in human breast milk of the mothers who lived in non-directly persistent organic pollutants (POPs) polluted area in Shenzhen, and the correlation of exposure risk factor was analyzed.

METHODSFrom July to November in 2007, 60 primiparas by vaginal delivery after parturition 3 weeks to 2 months were sampled for breast milk who aged from 20 - 34 years old and has lived in Shenzhen non-directly POPs polluted areas over 5 years. PCDD-Fs were extracted from the frozen-dried samples with accelerated solvent extraction (ASE), cleaned up by fluid management system (FMS) and quantified by high-resolution gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC-HRMS) using isotope dilution methodology. TEQ were calculated. The correlation relationship among infant's birth weight and length, participatory's dietary, age, inhabitation period, environment and the body burden of PCDD-Fs in mother was statistically analyzed by SPSS 13.0.

RESULTSThe participants aged from 20 - 34 years old (28 years on average) and lived in Shenzhen for 5 - 29 years (10 years on average). The concentration of PCDD-Fs in 60 breast milk samples were 26.957 143 - 669.583 333 pg/g fat (mean: 7.224 817 pg/g fat, median: 84.176 062 pg/g fat), and TEQ-PCDD-Fs in samples were 2.420 793 - 29.014 277 pg/g fat (mean: 8.645 992 pg/g fat, median: 7.751 804 pg/g fat). 2, 3, 4, 7, 8-PeCDF, 1, 2, 3, 7, 8-PeCDD, 2, 3, 7, 8-TCDD were the dominant contributors to the total TEQ, which were 3.691 654 pg/g fat (42.689 378%), 2.478 315 pg/g fat (28.652 356%), and 0.980 995 pg/g fat (11.343 995%) respectively. Significant positive correlations were found among age (r = 0.26, P < 0.05), inhabitation period (r = 0.49, P < 0.05), the consumption of fish (r = 0.37, P < 0.05) and the concentrations of TEQ-PCDD-Fs in the study.

CONCLUSIONThe levels of dioxin chemicals in the breast milk samples in non-directly POPs polluted areas of Shenzhen are high. Significant positive correlations were found among age, inhabitation period, the consumption of fish and the concentration of PCDD-Fs.

Adult ; China ; Dioxins ; analysis ; Environmental Exposure ; Female ; Humans ; Milk, Human ; chemistry ; Mothers ; Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins ; analogs & derivatives ; analysis ; Risk Assessment ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo analyze the polymorphism and haplotypes of HLA-A, B, Cw, DRB1 and DQB1 loci in Chinese Han population.

METHODSA total of 186 unrelated healthy individuals from southern China were analyzed by sequence-based typing. Two-, three-, and five-locus haplotypes were estimated using the Expectation Maximization Algorithm. RESULTST: Twenty-eight alleles for the HLA-A locus, 49 HLA-B alleles, 24 HLA-C alleles, 29 HLA-DRB1 alleles and 20 HLA-DQB1 alleles were detected. The A*0207-B*4601(10.81%), A*3303-B*5801(6.14%), B*4601-DRB1*0901(6.22%), B*4001*-DRB1*0901(3.78%), DRB1*090-DQB1*0303 (12.16%) and DRB1*1202-DQB1*0301(8.38%), A*0207-B*4601-Cw*0102 (10.75%), A*3303-B*5801-Cw*0302 (5.14%), A*0207-B*4601-DR*0901(5.07%), A*3303-B*5801-DRB1*0301(2.96%), A*0207-B*4601-Cw*0102-DRB1*0901-DQB1*0303(4.87%) and A*1101-B*1301-Cw*0304-DRB1*1501-DQB1*0601(2.43%) were the most common haplotypes in the southern Chinese Han population.

CONCLUSIONThe results have shown the characteristics of the five HLA loci haplotype distribution and provided more information in anthropology, disease association studies and transplantation.

Adult ; Alleles ; Base Sequence ; China ; ethnology ; Female ; Genetics, Population ; HLA Antigens ; analysis ; genetics ; immunology ; HLA-B Antigens ; analysis ; genetics ; HLA-DQ Antigens ; analysis ; genetics ; HLA-DQ beta-Chains ; HLA-DR Antigens ; analysis ; genetics ; HLA-DRB1 Chains ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Male ; Population Groups

The efficacy and safety of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) need to be improved due to its low bioavailability and requirement of large dose administration.The purpose of this study was to develop a fibrin-targeted nanoparticle (NP) drug delivery system for thrombosis combination therapy.We conjugated rtPA to poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone) (PEG-PCL) nanoparticles (rtPA-NP) and investigated its physicochemical characteristics such as particle size,zeta potential,enzyme activity of conjugated rtPA and its storage stability at 4℃.The thrombolytic activity of rtPA-NP was evaluated in vitro and in vivo as well as the half-life of rtPA-NP,the properties to fibrin targeting and its influences on systemic hemostasis in vivo.The results showed that rtPA-NP equivalent to 10％ of a typical dose of rtPA could dissolve fibrin clots and were demonstrated to have a neuroprotective effect after focal cerebral ischemia as evidenced by decreased infarct volume and improved neurological deficit (P＜0.001).RtPA-NP did not influence the in vivo hemostasis or coagulation system.The half-life of conjugated rtPA was shown to be approximately 18 times longer than that of free rtPA.These experiments suggested that rtPA-conjugated PEG-PCL nanoparticles might be a promising fibrin-targeted delivery system for a combination treatment of thrombosis.