AIM Taurine was reported neuroprotective under several ischemic models in vivo. In this study, the direct effect of taurine against oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) inducing acute neuronal injury and the underlying mechanisms in vitro were investigated. METHODSFour hours OGD was used to induce in vitro ischemic injury in rat cortical neurons. Taurine 5, 10 and 20 mmol·L-1 was added 20 h before and during 4 h OGD period respectively. Mortality rate of neuron was assayed by MTT and flow cytometry methods. Level of neuronal [Ca2+]i was detected by Fura 2/AM loading. Amino acid concentrations in culture media were measured by high performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS Under OGD conditions, neuronal death was markedly increased, and the levels of neuronal [Ca2+]i and extracellular glutamate level were enhanced obviously. Taurine pretreatment obviously decreased the percentage of neuronal death induced by OGD. In addition, abnormal elevation of neuronal [Ca2+]i and extracellular glutamate level induced by OGD both were markedly repressed by taurine. CONCLUSION Taurine can alleviate rat cortical neuron injury induced by OGD, the mechanisms were likely due to repressing calcium overload and inhibiting excessive release or leakage of glutamate under such conditions.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the reasons,occurrence mechanisms,as well as prevention methods for complications following cerebrovascular stent implantation.METHODS:A computer-based online search was performed by the first author.The databases of Medline and CNKI were searched with year's limitation of 1989-2009.According to the inclusive and exclusive criteria,the documents were screened,collected and evaluated from the following aspects:treating progress of cerebrovascular stent implantation;category and biocompatibility of cerebrovascular stent;as well as occurrence and prevention methods for complication following cerebrovascular stent implantation.RESULTS:A series of complications,such as carotid sinus response,hyper-perfusion syndrome,cerebral anglo spasm,bleeding at puncture locus,thrombosis,restenosis,as well as cerebral ischemia,would occur following cerebrovascular stent implantation.The complications were difficult to eliminate,but should be avoided by selecting correct implanting cases,elevating operator's proficiency,enhancing understanding of complications,obeying perioperative management,as well as correctly and in-time treatment.Polymer stent,coating stent,and drug eluting stent presented superior biocompatibility to metal stent,which could prevent restenosis following implantation.CONCLUSION:Cerebrovascular stent implantation is one of the main treatments for cerebrovascular disease.Polymer stent,coating stent,and drug eluting stent exhibit excellent biocompatibility.The complications associate to stent implantation are preventable and remediable via sufficient preoperatively preparation,exactly operation and perioperative management.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect and safety of Jinlong capsule combined with chemotherapy or radio-therapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLS) using Meta-analysis. PubMed, Embase, CNKI and Wanfang databases were all searched without language restriction, and searching time was from January 1990 to July 2015. All eligible published studies were included in this study for quality assessment and data extraction. All the data were analyzed using Revman 5.3. A total of ten studies including 736 subjects (370 in Jinlong capsule plus chemoradiotherapy and 366 in chemoradiotherapy only) were finally included in this Meta-analysis. The result of Meta analysis showed that compared with pure chemoradiotherapy group, Jinlong capsule combined with chemoradiotherapy for NSCLC could improve the patients' curative effect (OR = 1.77, 95% CI: 1.29-2.43, P < 0.05), clinical benefit rate (OR = 1.89, 95% CI: 1.22-2.91, P < 0.05), life quality improvement rate (OR = 2. 56, 95% CI: 1.61-4.05, P < 0.05), and decrease leucopenia incidence rate (OR = 0.35, 95% CI: 0. 22-0.56, P < 0.05) and gastrointestinal reaction rate (OR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.40-1.11, P < 0.05). The pooled results showed that Jinlong capsule combined with chemoradiotherapy for NSCLC could improve the curative effect and life quality, and decrease the adverse reaction of patients.
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; administration & dosage ; Capsules ; administration & dosage ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; drug therapy ; radiotherapy ; Chemoradiotherapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; radiotherapy

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of transgastric peritoneal endoscopy in diagnosis of ascites with unknown origin.Methods Endoscopy was introduced into peritoneal cavity through gastric wall in 23 patients with exudative ascites which was able to be diagnosed by routine methods and biopsy was made through endoscopy to get pathological diagnosis.Results Definite diagnosis was made in 22 patient (95.7%),of which 12 (54.6%) were malignant tumors,8 (36.4%) were tuberculosis peritonitis,1 (4.5%) was spontaneous peritonitis associated with liver cirrhosis and 1 (4.5%) was eosinophilic enteritis.Conclusion Natural orifice transluminal endoscopy combined with biopsy is an effective and accurate procedure for diagnosis of ascites of unknown canses.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of trans-gastric peritoneoscopy with technique of natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery(NOTES)for tuberculosis peritonitis.Methods Clinical data of 20 patients with tuberculosis peritonitis diagnosed by trans-gastric peritoneoscopy via NOTES were retrospectively analyzed.Results All diagnoses were confirmed by biopsy.The findings of peritoneoscopy were defined as miliary type with miliary nodes scattered in ascites and on peritoneum,adhesive type with thickening of peritoneum and adhesion between peritoneum and intestines,cheese-like type with parietal peritoneal ulcer and cheese-like substances,and mixed type with 2 or 3 of above mentioned types.Positive findings in other laboratory examinations were hemoglobin decrease in 10(50％)patients,blood sedimentation rate increase in 16(80％),C reactive protein increase in 13(65％),CA125 increase in 18(90％),and positive tuberculin test in 9(45％).Abnormal findings were detected by chest X-ray in 8(40％)patients,by abdominal ultrasonography examination in 2(10％),by abdominal CT in 7(35％),and by colonoscopy in 1(5％).No abnormal results were found in all patients in anti-tuberculosis antibody test,ascites bacteria culture and gastroscopy.Conclusion Trans-gastric peritoneoscopy via NOTES with biopsy is effective for diagnosis of tuberculosis peritonitis.

To investigate the structure disruption of BSA (1mg/ml, dissolved in PBS) induced by ultrasonication and the French press. The BSA solution was passed through the French press and received ultrasound irradiation, and then detected by HPLC(High-performance liquid chromatography),DLS(Dynamic Light Scattering),CD(Circular Dichroism)and nondenaturing SDS-PAGE. Detection results showed that BSA was polymerized after ultrasound irradiation and the polymerization can be reduced by adding mannitol (free radical scavenger). This means that the free radical play an important role in this process. However, the BSA passing through the French press for several times wasn’t polymerized, and the secondary structure was somewhat destroyed. These results suggested that ultrasound irradiation and French press destroy the molecular structure in different manners, so that the suitable cell lyses methods should be selected according to the characteristics of the protein.

Background Researches showed that multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) is able to assess the retinal function in the eyes with acute Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada ( VKH ) syndrome. But the mfERG characteristics of convalescence stage of VKH are still below clear. Objective Present study was to compare and follow up the variation process of visual acuity and mfERG in acute and recovery stages of VKH syndrome. Methods This was a clinic-based retrospective study. Visual acuity, mfERG and fundus fluorescence angiography ( FFA ) were recorded from 35 eyes of 18 acute VKH cases. The period of follow-up in recovery stage lasted about 18 months with the repetitive recording results for 4 times. Results In this study, the visual acuity range in acute stage VKH was 0. 01 to 1.0, and 91.4% (32/35 eyes) was below 0.6. Compared with normal control group, the visual acuity was significantly decreased (P＜0.01). The response densities (amplitudes) of N1 ,P1 waves of the first-order kernel were significantly lowed in all the 6 rings,and the implicit times of 1-4 rings of both waves were significantly prolonged in acute VKH eyes(P＜0. 05). The abnormalities of retinal function showed a regional difference at the posterior pole retina with the dominant change in the first ring,showing a cutting off78% in the P1 amplitude. The abnormal degree of mfERG was more serious as the the increase of retinal eccentricity. In 2 months of convalescence after glucocorticosteroids therapy,the range of visual acuity were 0. 1-1.2 ,and the amplitudes of N1, P1 of 1-2 rings were greatly elevated in comparison with acute on-set (P＜0. 05 ). However, there was still a remarkable difference in the amplitudes of from 1 through 6 rings,comparing with normal. The response density of P1 wave from whole recording region was only 44% of normal. Though the visual acuity was stable during the follow-up duration, a decreasing tendency in N1 and P1 amplitudes were seen. The implicit times of both wave shortened only in 1-3 rings in recovery stages of VKH (P＜0.05). Conclusion VKH syndrome cause serious damage of posterior retinal function.Macular region is the site with greater retinal functional lesion and restore before and after medication. This hardly recovery of retinal function can last over one and half year,even satisfied visual acuity is stable after proper treatment.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy for the treatment of the patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods: Between June,1992 and January,1995, 110 patients with Stage Ⅲ , Ⅳ a nasopharyngeal carcinoma ( 92 stage system) at random received one course of chemotherapy [cisplatin 20 mg· (m2· d)-1 iv on days 1-5 and 5-fluorouracil 500 mg· (m2· d)-1 iv on days 1-5.] before radiotherapy (which started 3 days after the first cycle of chemotherapy ) and three to five cycles of postradiotherapy chemotherapy (chemotherapy/radiotherapy: including 55 patients) or radiotherapy alone (radiotherapy group:including 55 patients). The methods and time/dose schedule of radiotherapy were similar in the two groups. Results: The 5-year survival rate was 65.5％ in the chemotherapy/radiotherapy as compared with 34.5％ in the radiotherapy group (P=0.0012). The primary lesion control rates were 69.1％ (chemotherapy/radiotherapy) and 43.6％ (radiotherapy group), respectively(P=0.0071). The cervical lymph node control rates were 67.3％ (chemotherapy/radiotherapy) and 45.4％ (radiotherapy group), respectively (P=0.021). The distant metastatic rate was 21.8％ (chemotherapy/radiotherapy) versus 41.8％ (radiotherapy group), respectively (P=0.0243). There was no significant difference in the incidence and severity of acute mucositis between the two groups during radiotherapy. Conclusion:This prospective study has demonstrated that alternating cisplatin/5-fluorouracil chemotherapy and early administration of locoregional radiotherapy can improve the survival and local disease control , and delay the distant metastasis in the patients with advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Background The pathological change of the anterior uveitis is the disruption of blood-aqueous barrier.Slit lamp examination appears to be limited for the evaluation of inflammatory response,and fluorescine angiography is an objective approach.However,there are few relative studies up to now in China.Objective Aim of this study was to observe the characteristics and assess the clinical applications of iris fluorescein angiography (IFA)in Chinese uveitis with brown iris.Methods Forty eyes of 40 normal subjects and 21 eyes of 13 patients with the anterior uveitis were collected in this study.IFA,slit-lamp examination and iris photograph were performed on the subjects.All individuals were informed consented at the initiation of this study.Results In normal eyes,fluorescence in iris vessels was blocked by the melanin pigment,but peripupillary weak fluorescent leakage was seen in the normal eyes with the age of ＞60 years old.The multiple patterns of fluorescence leakage were found in the patients suffered from uveitis of various etiologies although the negative slit-lamp finding,including the leakage of fluorescein around the pupillary margin and radial iris vessels in the eyes with mild diseases,transmitted fluorescence of regular iris vessels in the eyes with diffuse and local iris atrophy,and vascular tufts of the pupillary margin with coiled interwind tight clusters of thin vessels at the early phase in the eyes with dilated capillaries,microvascular anomalies and new vessel formation.The hyperfluorescence remained throughout the IFA duration.Conclusions IFA findings in uveitis vary depending on the topography,type and severity of inflammation.IFA has a good clinical applying value because of its objective assessment ability of the degree of the blood-aqueous barrier breakdown and iris neovascularization breakdown.It can exhibit the unvisible lesion under the slit-lamp and monitor the efficacy of medical theraphy in patients with active or quiescent uveitis.

The study aims to explore the effects and mechanisms of water extract of Potentilla anserina (PA) on myelosuppression mice induced by cyclophosphamide based on metabonomics. The myelosuppressive mouse model was established by injected with cyclophosphamide and treated with water extract of PA. Thymus and spleen indexes, peripheral hemogram and bone marrow nucleated cells of each group was detected. Bone marrow pathology analysis was performed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. The levels of interleukin 3 (IL-3), interleukin 6 (IL-6), erythropoietin (EPO), granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in serum were measured. The changes of biomarkers and related metabolic pathways were analyzed by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS-based metabonomics. Animal experiments were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Southwest Minzu University. The high doses of PA could significantly improve the decrease of white blood cell (WBC), red blood cell (RBC) counts and hemoglobin (HGB) levels of mice induced by cyclophosphamide (P < 0.05), and significantly increase the number of nucleated cells and the area of hematopoietic tissue in femoral bone marrow. The medium and high doses of PA could significantly improve the serum levels of SOD, CAT, MDA, IL-6 and GM-CSF (P < 0.05), and have no significant effect on the expression of IL-3 and EPO (P > 0.05). Serum metabolomics analysis showed that the aqueous extracts of PA could alleviate myrosuppression by regulating the aminoacyl-tRNA, valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis mediated by 13 different metabolites such as valine, leucine, asparagine and hydroxyisohexic acid. PA improve the inhibition of hematopoietic function in myelosuppression mouse, and its mechanisms may be related to anti-oxidation and promoting the expression of hematopoietic-related cytokines and regulating the related metabolic pathways.