Child ; Humans ; Karyotyping ; Male ; Osteochondrodysplasias ; classification ; diagnosis ; genetics

Seven guaiane-type sesquiterpenoids, a new compound 6-formyl-5-isopropyl-3-hydroxymethyl-7-methyl-1H-indene (1), a new natural product 5-isopropyl-3, 7-dimethyl-1H-indene-1-one (2), along with five known compounds: guaiazulene (3), 4-formyl-7-isopropyl-10-methylazulene (4), sesquiterpene ketolactone (5), alismoxide (6) and guaia-1 (5), 6-diene (7), were isolated from gorgonian Muriceides collaris collected in South China Sea. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis [MS, IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR (DEPT), HMQC, HMBC, NOESY] and by comparison of the spectral data with those of the literatures.
Animals ; Anthozoa ; chemistry ; Azulenes ; China ; Sesquiterpenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Sesquiterpenes, Guaiane

Objective To explore risk factors relating to occurrence of spontaneous rupture (SR)of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 409 HCC patients treated in our department from Jan. 1st 2005 to Aug. 31st 2009. Clinicopathologic factors were explored for their possible association with occurrence of SR by univariate and multivariate analysis using Logistic regression model. Results Among 409 patients, SR occurred in 40 patients (9. 8% , 40/409).Type of SR was defined according to presentation of acute abdominal emergency, especially unstable hemodynamic status. Nineteen cases (4. 7%, 19/409) were grouped as type of HCC-SR Ⅰ and 21 cases (5. 1% ,21/409) as HCC-SR Ⅱ. Patients in the two groups possessed similar hepatitis infection status,severity of background liver disease and tumoral factors except for tumoral location, while HCC-SR Ⅰ group often needed emergency treatment demonstrating elevated values of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and WBC, decreased PLT counts and worse Child-Pugh classification. Patients in the HCC-SR Ⅱ group had more opportunities of receiving curative hepatectomy and had longer overall survival. The 1,2 and 3 year survival rates were 26. 3 % (5/19), 5. 3% ( 1/19 ) and 0% (0/19)in the HCC-SR Ⅰ group and 66. 7% ( 14/21 ),42.9% (9/21)and 19. 5% (5/21) in the HCC-SR Ⅱ group, respectively. Differences reached statistical significance( P = 0. 011,0. 009,0. 049). Multivariate analysis identified that severity of concomitant liver cirrhosis , WBC ＞ 10 × 109/L and AST level more than twice normal (2N) as independent risk factors associating with occurrence of HCC-SR Ⅰ , while elevated values of AFP and presence of tumor thrombi in portal vein branch related to HCC-SR Ⅱ. Conclusions HCC-SR includes two different types, since different risk factors predict occurrence of each HCC-SR type.

Purpose:To study the relationship between the expression of CD44v6 with the clinicopathological charac- teristics and the prognosis in primary gastric carcinoma patients.Methods:A total of 188 paraffin-embedded gastric carcino- mas and 42 non-carcinomatous gastric mucosae was stained with the monoclonal antibodies CD44v6 using the EnVision~(TM) method.Results:The expression level of CD44v6 were significantly higher in the tumors (67.6%) than in the non-carcino- matous gastric mucosae (9.5%) (P

Objective To explore the rate of incidence of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis(CVST)in patients with idiopathic in- tracranial hypertension(IIH).Design Restrospective case series.Participants 92 cases with idiopathic intracranial hypertension.Meth- otis All patients diagnosed with papilledema from January 1,2000 through May 1,2007 at our ophthalmology center.Consecutive pa- tients with a diagnosis of papilledema were identified.Patients with space-occupying lesions,hydrocepbalus,or meningitis were excluded. The remaining patients were evaluated with lumbar puncture,magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)and magnetic resonance venography (MRV).Main Outcome Measures The rate of incidence of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis(CVST)in patients with idiopathic in- tracranial hypertension(IIH).Results Excluding patients with mass lesions,meningitis,or hydrocephalus,the occurrence of CVST was 7 (7.6%)of 92 patients with presumed IIH.One additional patients had a diagnosis of suspected CVST.Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis was diagnosed in 1 of the 7 patients with MRI alone,whereas it was evident in all 7 patients with MRV.Conclusions Cerebral venous si- nus thrombosis accounts for 7.6% of patients with presumed IIH in our ophthalmology services.Magnetic resonance venography in com- bination with MRI is recommended to identify this subgroup of patients.(Ophthalmol CHN,2007,16:410-413)

Primary liver adenosquamous carcinoma is a rare kind of liver malignant tumor with very poor prognosis. Clinical data of 5 cases were analyzed retrospectively, four male and one female, whose average age was 60.2 years (50-67 years) old. Adenosquamous carcinoma contains both adenocarcinoma and squamous carcinoma histologically, and squamous carcinoma cells are dominant (>80%). Four cases underwent surgical resection and one received liver transplantation. The postoperative follow-up period ranged from 6 to 35 months and the mean survival time of these cases was about 15 months. Three patients died during the follow-up period. The survival rates 1 and 2 years after operation were 60% and 20%, respectively.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is characterized by heterogeneity with respect to morphology, immune phenotype, molecular pathogenesis, clinical presentation and prognosis. With the development of genome and transcriptome sequencing, DLBCL was classified as four subtypes (EZB, BN2, MCD, and N1) or five subtypes (C1-C5). The new molecular pathological typing has a deeper understanding of DLBCL from the levels of genes and molecules which makes the judgment of prognosis more accurate and specific, and it is conducive to the clinical screening of more accurate targeted therapy.

OBJECTIVETo introduce the framework of evidence-based practice with a case of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) as an example.

METHODSA clinical question was formulated according the clinical scenario. A systematic search was conducted for the published literature in the databases of PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Clinical Trial Registries, and Web of Knowledge up to Dec 2014. The identified literature was reviewed for quality appraisal before the evidence was applied to clinical practice.

RESULTSThe treatment was effective and the patient achieved disease remission.

CONCLUSIONEvidence-based practice should be integrated with clinical scenario, current evidence, and patients' willingness, and follow a systematic framework.

Objective To compare MR,CT,and radiography in the detection of arthropathies in patients with hemophilia.Methods Forty-one symptomic joint images in the 14 patients with hemophilia, aged from 11 to 24 years,were used in this study.Each joint had the examinations of radiography,CT and MR within one day.The severity of each joint was staged using conventional radiographic classification. Severe HA patients with stage 5 were excluded from the study.Imaging findings of soft tissue swelling, osteoporosis,epiphyseal overgrowth,joint erosion,cyst,joint space narrowing,bone marrow,joint effusion, hemorrhage,synovial hypertrophy,widened intercondylar notch as well as anterior and posterior crueiate ligaments(only for knee joint)were used for the all imaging comparison.Results The 41 symptomatic joints in 14 patients with hemophilia were classified by radiographic criteria into stage 0(n=5),stage 1(n=7),stage 2(n=6),stage 3(n=8)and stage 4(n=15).Soft tissue swelling or joint effusion was observed in 33 joints by radiographs,in 34 joints by both CT and MR.Joint erosions were demonstrated in 34 joints by MR,in 33 joints by CT and 20 joints by radiographs.Joint cysts were shown in 21 joints by MR,in 18 joints by CT and 9 joints by radiographs.Significant differences in detection of erosion and cyst were found between radiography with either CT(P0.05).MR showed improvement for detecting nlore loci of both erosion and cyst than CT and radiography,and also CT showed the improvement than radiography.Bone marrow edema 14 joints, hemon'hage in 34 joints and synovial hypertrophy in 27 joints were revealed on MR images.Conclusion MRI is superior to CT and conventional radiography in detecting the abnormal changes and should be considered as the first choice among the imaging modafities in evaluating hemophilic arthropathies.

Objective To explore the changes of the hippocampal formation and the myelinated nerve fibers in the hippocampal formation of aged female Long-Evans rat. Methods The hippocampal formation and the myelinated nerve fibers in the hippocampal formation of 5 young (6-month old), 5 middle-aged (18-month old) and 6 aged (28-month old) female Long-Evans rats were quantitatively investigated with the stereological techniques and transmission electronic microscope technique. Results There were no significant changes in the volume of hippocampal formation, the volume density, the total volume, the length density and the mean diameter of the myelinated nerve fibers in the hippocampal formation among young, middle-aged and aged rats. When compared to that of young rats, the total length of the myelinated nerve fibers in the hippocampal formation of middle-aged rats was significantly increased by 63.6%. When compared to that of middle-aged rats, the total length of the myelinated nerve fibers in the hippocampal formation of aged rats was significantly decreased by 47.5%. When compared to that of young rats, the total length of the myelinated nerve fibers in the hippocampal formation of aged rats was non-significantly decreased by 13.8%. Conclusion Although the reason why the total length of the myelinated nerve fibers in the hippocampal formation of middle-aged rats was longer than that of young rats needs further investigations, the present results together with our previous findings in white matter and cortex further suggest that there are age-related changes of the myelinated nerve fibers in the normal aged brains.