OBJECTIVETo investigate diagnosis and therapeutic effects of knee joint synovial chondromatosis with arthroscopic.

METHODSFrom March 1995 to July 2011, 28 patients with knee joint synovial chondromatosis were treated. Among them, 18 males and 10 females ranging age from 25 to 81 (mean 55.2) years,the course of disease ranged from 0.5 to 15 (mean 5.6) years. Clinical manifestation mainly included pain, swell and functional limitation of knee joint. Knee open surgery (17 cases) and laparoscopic surgery (10 cases) were respectively used. Clinical symptom,image data,pathological manifestation and effects under arthroscopy were observed, Lysholm scoring was used to evaluate effects.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up except one lost, the duration ranging from 6 to 24 months. Lysholm score in knee open surgery was increased from (41.89 +/- 6.81) preoperatively to (67.73 +/- 7.62) postoperatively;while in laparoscopic surgery it was increased from (40.78 +/- 7.54) preoperatively to (77.46 +/- 8.43) postoperatively.

CONCLUSIONArthroscopic surgery, which has no risk of rupture of incision, nonunion, earlier to exercise, is a good method to diagnosis and treat knee joint synovial chondromatosis.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Chondromatosis, Synovial ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Knee Joint ; surgery ; Laparoscopy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome

BACKGROUND: As a micro-injurying and reduplicative treatment of osteoarthritis,the arthroscopic debridement has got the affirmation of numerous scholars. But as one of the standard procedures in artnroscopic debridement,synovectomy is called in question recently.OBJECTIVE: To explore the applied value of synovectomy in the arthroscopic debridement of osteoarthritis.DESIGN: Retrospective controlled analysis.SETTING: Department of Orthopaedics, Fushun Central Hospital.PARTICIPANTS: Sixty-five patients received synovectomy in the arthroscopic debridement of knee joint osteoarthritis in the Department of Orthopaedics,Fushun Central Hospital from February 1997 to December 2000.Thirty-two among them,with complete data and over 1 year's followup,were taken for synovectomy group. Forty-eight patients received the arthroscopic debridement of knee joint osteoarthritis without synovectomy in the Department of Orthopaedics,Fushun Central Hospital from January 2001 to November 2003.Thirty among them,with complete data and over 1 year's follow-up,were taken for control group.METHODS: Synovectomy was taken as the factor of intervention in the operation to perform grouping. The analysis of curative effect was performed to control with joint douching,corpus liberum removal,osteophyma cleaning,meniscus fitting,cartilage gouging,synovectomy and without synovectomy or part synovectomy. Lysholm evaluation standard of knee joint osteoarthritis was used to the knee joint functional evaluation beween preoperation and postoperative 1 year in two groups. And operative time,postoperative draining quantity,postoperative 7-day visual analog score,postoperative 1-year Lysholm score of knee joint, were recorded.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Preoperative and postoperative 1-year Lysholm score of knee joint,operative time,postoperative draining quantity,postoperative 7-day visual analog score.RESULTS: Sixty-two patients were included and all of them entered the result analysis.The preoperative patients in two groups were comparable with each other and the differences of Lysholm score were not significant (t=0.127,P=0.899).The operative time was longer in synovectomy group than in control group,the differences were significant (t=9.547,P ＜ 0.001)and the postoperative draining quantity was more in synovectomy group.The postoperative visual analog score was bigger in synovectomy group than in control group and the differences were significant [the scores of synovectomy and control groups were respectively (4.6±1.1),(2.8±1.4),t=6.206,P ＜ 0.001].The differences of knee joint score in 1-year follow-up were not significant [the scores of synovectomy and control groups were respectively (77.6±11.9),(79.0± 10.3),t=0.562,P=0.576].CONCLUSION: Synovectomy can not increase the curative effect in the near future in the arthroscopic debridement of osteoarthritis. On the contrary,the operative time was longer,the operative wound was larger and postoperative reaction was more serious. It should not be used in the debridement generally.

Objective To observe the effects of low-intensity(650 nm,5 mW)laser irradiation on the pathological changes associated with aortic atherosclerosis using a rabbit model.Methods Thirty-six male Zelanian rabbits were randomly divided into 4 equal groups:a control group,a laser irradiation group,a simvastatin treatment group and a laser plus simvastatin group,and were treated accordingly.After being fed the basic diet for a week,all the animals were fed a high fat diet during the experiment.Blood samples were taken for lipid assay at the 60th day. The animals were sacrificed at the 61st day and their aortas removed for gross and microscopic examination.Any pathological changes were graded as mild,intermediate or severe according to the indicators of atherosclerosis observed.Results There were no significant differences in blood fat levels among the four groups before the experi- ment,but significant differences in serum triglyceride prevailed after the treatments.Low-density lipoprotein(LDL)- C level in the control group was significantly higher than those in the laser irradiation,simvastatin treatment and laser plus simvastatin groups.There was also a very significant difference in high-density lipoprotein(HDL)-C levels among the laser irradiation group,the laser plus simvastatin group and the control group.The pathological changes observed were correlated with blood fat levels.Mild atherosclerosis was found in the treated groups,but severe or in- termediate atherosclerosis was more prevalent in the control group.Conclusion Low-intensity laser irradiation a- lone or combined with simvastatin can significantly decrease blood lipid levels and the severity of pathological changes associated with aortic atherosclerosis in this animal model.

Objective To analyze the clinicopathological characteristics of upper gastrointestinal submucosal tumors ( SMTs ) . Methods Clinicopathological data of 1 743 patients with 1 775 upper gastrointestinal SMTs in our department from January 2008 to December 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. Results The first finding was that in 702 esophagus cases,leiomyoma(92?59%,650/702) was the most common type of esophageal SMTs. Second, in 1 045 gastric cases, there were 405 lesions at gastric fundus, the most common type of SMTs were 249 ( 61?48%) GISTs and 144 ( 35?56%) leiomyoma. In 307 lesions located at body,the most common type of SMTs were 143( 46?58%) GISTs and 90( 29?32%) leiomyoma. In 191 lesions located at antrum, the most common type of SMTs were 83( 43?46%) heterotopia pancreas and 45(23?56%) hamartoma, followed by 28(14?66%) lipoma and 20(10?47%) GISTs. In 142 lesions located at cardia, the most common type of SMTs was 110 ( 77?46%) leiomyoma. Third, in 28 duodenum cases, there were 19 lesions at duodenal bulb, the most common type of SMTs was 10 heterotopia pancreas, 4 Brunner gland adenoma and 3 GISTs. In 9 lesions located at descending duodenum,the most common type of SMTs was 4 lipomyoma, followed by 2 ectopic pancreas,1 GISTs and 2 others. Conclusion Leiomyoma is the most common type of esophageal SMTs. In gastric fundus and body, the most common type of SMTs are GISTs and leiomyoma. In antrum, the most common type of SMTs are heterotopia pancreas and hamartoma, but in cardia, that is leiomyoma.In duodenal bulb, the most common type of SMTs are heterotopia pancreas, Brunner gland adenoma and GISTs,and in descending duodenum, is lipomyoma.

Objective To evaluate the risk of plague occurrence via surveying and analyzing indoor rat density and flea index in natural villages having previous plague experience. Methods During August to September 2007, 30 natural villages experiencing previous plague were selected based on the surveillance data, and then all households were coded with numbers and 20 households in each village were randomly selected via computer. Cages and sticky papers were set in 600 selected households to capture rats and fleas. Rat density, flea prevalence, flea index and median were estimated. Results One hundred thirty-three Rattus flavipectus and 33 Suncus murinus were caught and averaged rat density was 2.8 rats per one hundred cage. nights (166/6000), the median was 5 rats each village. One hundred and one mice infected fleas, flea prevalence on rats was 60.8% (101/166), 296 Xenopsylla cheopis and 48 Leptopsylla segnis were collected. Rat flea index was 2.1 fleas per rat (344/166). A total of 315 dissociated flea was caught, average dissociated flea index was 0.026 fleas per sticky paper (315/11888). The median was 5.5 dissociated fleas per village. Of dissociated fleas, Ctenocephalides felis felis (205) and Xenopsylla cheopis (103) accounted for 97.8% (308/315). The proportion for species of the rat flea and the dissociated flea was different(Fisher test: P < 0.01). The rat flea was significantly associated with the rat density(r = 0.68, P < 0.01), but the dissociated flea was significantly associated with neither the rat density(r = -yield than fried wheat batter(χ2 = 5.59, P < 0.05). Conclusions In these villages having previous plague experience of Lianghe County, Rattusflavipectus was dominant species of indoor rats, Xenopsylla cheopis and Ctenocephalides felis felis were dominant species of rat flea and dissociated flea, respectively. Mengsong, Bangdu, and Tangjiatun village had potential risk of plague emergence.

OBJECTIVETo study the protective effect of carbon monoxide (CO) inhalation on the serious limb ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, and which effects caused to shock in rats.

METHODS36 SD rats were randomly divided into I/R, I/R + CO (RC), sham operation (S) groups. I/R injury models were made by the occlusion of the femoral artery for 8 h and the reperfusion for 12 h, 10 d. Before reperfusion of 2 h, RC group started to breathe medical air containing CO (the volume fraction of CO: 0.075%) continuously, until after reperfusion for 4 h, a total of inhalation 6 h. S, I/R groups exposed to air, breathe freely. Caudal artery pressures (CAP), ten days survival rate, serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK) activity, limb wet - to - dry weight ratio (W/D) and the pathologic changes of limb were observed.

RESULTSOnce the reperfusion started, the CAP decreased rapidly in I/R group, and the mean reduced to(5.3259 +/- 0.3832) kPa when reperfusion for 8 h. Compared to I/R group, the CAP decreased slower and smaller in RC group, moreover, its mean reduced to (8.3300 +/- 0.4224) kPa when reperfusion for 8 h. The 10 d survival rate in I/R group was that 8 rats died all between reperfusion for 13 - 20 h. Only 1 rat died in RC group and the other 7 rats were still alive when reperfusion for 10 d. Compared to I/R group, the pathological features of the ischemic limb were significant ly improved, and the figures of W/D, serum LDH and CK value were remarkable lower in RC group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONInhaling exogenous low-dose CO has a reverse regulation in the blood pressure decline caused by serious limb I/R injury in rats. And at the same time, it can effectively prevent the occurrence of shock, reduce physical damage, significantly increase the survival rate of animals.

Administration, Inhalation ; Animals ; Carbon Monoxide ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Creatine Kinase ; blood ; Extremities ; blood supply ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; blood ; Male ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion Injury ; physiopathology ; prevention & control ; Shock ; etiology ; prevention & control

OBJECTIVETo study the protective effect of carbon monoxide(CO) inhalation in the limb ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury of rats.

METHODSForty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: S, I/R and RC groups. I/R injury model was made by the occlusion of the femoral artery for four hours and the reperfusion for forty-eight hours. RC group was exposed to medical air mixed CO (the volume fraction of CO: 0.05%) during limb reperfusion in rats. The other two groups were exposed to the routine air. Gross morphology of the ischemic limb, wet-to-dry weight ratio (W/D), and skeletal muscle histopathology were observed. The apoptosis index and expression levels of Bax and Bcl-2 in the muscle were assessed with Flow Cytometry. The activities of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK) were tested by Automatic Biochemical Analyzer.

RESULTSCompared to I/R group, W/D, serum LDH and CK activities, the apoptosis index and Bax expression level in the muscle were all significantly decreased, the Bcl-2 expression level was significantly increased, gross morphology of the ischemic limb and muscle histopathology were obviously improved in RC group.

CONCLUSIONInhaling exogenous CO can attenuate limb I/R injury.

Administration, Inhalation ; Animals ; Carbon Monoxide ; pharmacology ; Creatine Kinase ; metabolism ; Extremities ; blood supply ; Femoral Artery ; Ischemia ; physiopathology ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; metabolism ; Male ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion Injury ; prevention & control ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism

Alleles ; Amelogenin/genetics* ; Chromosomes, Human, Y ; Humans ; Male ; Sex Determination Analysis

OBJECTIVETo investigate the prevalence of mental disorder through the 12-item general health questionnaire (GHQ-12) survey and its related factors in community settings in Zhejiang Province.

METHODSA muti-level model was analyzed using data of 14,632 respondents nested in counties (cities), townships (urban districts), villages (urban neighborhoods) from the epidemiological survey of mental illnesses above 15 years old.

RESULTSThe mean score measured by GHQ-12 was (1.54 +/- 2.15), which was lower than that of samples from four cities of Guangzhou, Chongqing, Taiyuan and Hangzhou (U = 11.08, P < 0.01). The mental disorder clustered within county (city) level, which represented 4.3% (chi(2) = 3.94, P < 0.05) of the total variance including four levels. After controlling for the county level, the mental disorder was associated with age, marital status, residency patterns, education, occupation and household incoming. In particular, it was reported that higher household incoming was significantly associated with better mental disorder among population in community settings.

CONCLUSIONThe prevalence of mental disorder clustered at the county (city) level is relatively lower with vulnerable groups including divorced, widowed, unemployed, retired, lower-income ones in community settings in Zhejiang Province.

Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mental Disorders ; epidemiology ; Middle Aged ; Population Surveillance ; Prevalence ; Surveys and Questionnaires

AIMTo determine the relationship between C3435T mutation in exon 26 of the human multidrug resistant 1 gene and cyclosporine (CsA) pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters among healthy Chinese volunteers by nonlinear mixed effect model (NONMEM).

METHODSTwenty healthy subjects were given orally a single dose of 500 mg CsA in microemulsion solution. Blood CsA concentrations were measured with HPLC and the genotype for the C3435T polymorphism of MDR1 gene was determined with the PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism. The results were further confirmed by sequencing. NONMEM was performed to assess the effect of genotype on CsA PK profile.

RESULTSMDR1 C3435T genotype was identified as the best predictor of CsA systemic exposure. The relative bioavailability of CsA was 40% higher in subjects who carried at least one 3435C allele compared to that of TT type individuals in the study population.

CONCLUSIONThe MDR1 C3435T genotype offers a potential basis of mechanism to explain inter-subject differences in CsA oral bioavailability.

Administration, Oral ; Adult ; Biological Availability ; Cyclosporine ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; Exons ; Genes, MDR ; genetics ; Genetics, Population ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Mouth ; metabolism ; Polymorphism, Genetic