In recent years, preoperative therapy has become the standard procedure to improve radical resection rate and local control for advanced rectal cancer. Tumor responses to chemoradiotherapy, however, vary considerably, thus increasing the demand for both functional and morphologic radiologic evaluation of response to chemoradiotherapy to distinguish responders from nonresponders. MR imaging is considered the most accurate tool for the primary staging of tumor extent, and can be used to evaluate the efficacy of chemoradiotherapy. Functional imaging modalities including DW-MRI and PET-CT have shown promising prospect in the early evaluation of the response of rectal cancer to preoperative chemoradiotherapy. However, wide clinical application will take some time.
Chemoradiotherapy ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Rectal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; radiotherapy ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Treatment Outcome

· AIM:To determine whether the multifocal visual evoked potential (mfVEP) can be used as a clinical method to assess the patients with optic nerve disease.· METHODS: Fifteen patients with optic nerve disease were examined in this study. All patients underwent visual acuity examination, slit-lamp inspection, ophthalmoscopy, Goldmann perimeter, fundus fiuorescein angiography, visual field and mfVEP. Although these patients with unilateral optic nerve damage,data from both eyes were included in the analysis.· RESULTS:In all patients the visual fields defect was demonstrated on the mfVEP and showed good correspondence in location of the scotoma. However, we also found some slight difference between visual field and mfVEP. In some locations, when the local visual fields were normal, mfVEP showed that its amplitude reduced. In reverse, when the local mfVEP seemed normal, visual field showed abnormity.· CONCLUSION:Multifocal visual evoked potential could be used as a clinical diagnosis option in patients with optic nerve disease. Local monocular damage to the optic nerve can be measured by an interocular comparison of the mfVEP.

Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neoplasm Staging ; Rectal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology

Coix ; Epimedium ; Fatigue ; Humans ; Hypoxia ; Plant Leaves

The urate transporter 1 (URAT1) which controls urate reabsorption is a membrane transporter in the apical membrane of human renal proximal tubule epithelial cells. It was found that about 90% of patients suffer from hyperuricemia due to insufficient uric acid excretion. Therefore, the development of URAT1 inhibitors that can reduce the level of serum uric acid in vivo by enhancing renal urate excretion has been a hot spot in seeking anti-gout drugs in recent years. In this article, the representative URAT1 inhibitors with uric acid-lowering or anti-gout effects are reviewed, and related medicinal chemical strategies are analyzed, hoping to provide valuable insights into the discovery of new URAT1 inhibitors.

Objective To investigate the method and value of adjustable interatrial fistulization in the operation of congenital heart disease(CHD) accompany with severe pulmonary arterial hypertension(PH).Methods Twenty-seven patients(19 male,8 females) accompany with severe PH were entered the study,age ranged from 4 to 14 years old,weight from 13.7 to 42.0 kilogram.The enrolled diseases included 11 cases of atrial septal defect(ASD),10 cases of ventricular septal defect(VSD),4 cases of patent ductus arteriosus(PDA),and 2 cases of Ebstein syndrome accompany with severe tricuspid insufficiency.All patients were diagnosed as CHD accompany with severe PH(bidirectional shunt)which was the contraindications for routine operation before operation through chest X-ray,electrocardiography,ultrasonic cardiography,cardiac catheteri-zation and cardiac angiography.Results With adjustable interatrial fistulization and treatment to the abnormalities,14 fistulaes were closed immediately after operation,7 fistulaes were closed 2 days after operation,3 fistulaes were closed 3 days and 1 fistulae was closed 4 days after operation and accompanied with empyema discharged initiatively.One fistula was never closed,1 case died from low cardiac output symptom.The effective rate was 92.6%,closed to that of routine operations.Conclusion Adjustable interatrial fistulization is an easy procedure,and it can decrease the danger of PH post-operation effectively and provide operation opportunity for those patients with CHD approaching terminal stage.

Objective To observe the inhibitory effect of tumstatin related peptide T3 mediated by short peptide to osteosarcoma vascular. Methods Through MTS assay, wound healing assay, the inhibitory effect of targeting-T3 peptide and T3 peptide on the human umbilical veil endothelial cell was studied in vitro. After the preparation of 50 nude mice model bearing osteosarcoma, the nude mice bearing too large or too small tumors were eliminated and the left ones were divided into 4 groups (6 animals for each group: T3 peptide, targeting-T3 peptide, CTX, PBS) randomly. Through weight of tumor, histopathologicol slice and immunohistochemical methods. The inhibitory action of targeting-T3 peptide and T3 peptide on the neoge-netic vascular of osteosarcoma implanted in nude mouse was studied. Results In vitro, both T3 peptide and targeting-T3 peptide effectively inhibited the proliferation of human umbilical veil endothelial cell. In the experiment of vivo, the average weight of tumor of targeting-T3 peptide group was (1.104?.247) g, the average weight of the T3 peptide group was (1.484?.369) g. There was the statistical difference in tumor inhibition on the osteosarcoma betweent the targeting-T3 group and T3 group (F=16.353, P=0.000). The positive rate of vascular endothelial growth factor and metastasis in the lung in the targeting-T3 peptide group all descended than the T3 peptide group. Conclusion Because of the short peptide to osteosarcoma vascular, targeting-T3 peptide could significantly restrain the development of osteosarcoma. Coupling short peptide to T3 peptide increase the selective binding of T3 peptide to osteosarcoma vascular.

Objective To choose the optimal b-values for the DWI of gastric cancer(GC),and investigate the value of DWI in the diagnosis of GCs.Methods MRI examinations(T_1WI,T_2WI,and DWI)were performed on 31 patients with gastric cancer.Three diffusion-weighted sequences were designed with different b values,including 300 s/mm~2(low),600 s/mm~2(intermediate),and 1000 s/mm~2(high). Free water grade was used to evaluate the suppression of content in gastric lumen.Background contrast grade was used to evaluate the discriminating ability of different sequences between GC and nearby tissues.The ADCs of GCs,nearby gastric wall region,and free water in gastric lumen were measured.SNRc_(Ca),CNR_(Ca-Gw) and SIRc_(Ca-Gw)of high b-value DWI and routine MRI sequences were evaluated and compared.Results The signal intensity of free water in gastric lumen decreased as b-value increased,and the SIR were 8.11? 0.77(b=300 s/mm~2),2.70?0.35(b =600 s/mm~2),and 1.13?0.22(b=1000 s/mm~2)(F= 55.368,P

AIM: To investigate the probably mechanism of amniotic extraction inhibiting haze formation after epipolis laser in situ keratomileusis (Epi-LASIK) in rabbit cornea.METHODS: Thirty rabbit corneas were performed with Epi-LASIK.All eyes were randomly divided into three groups: eyes treated with amniotic extraction (AE group),eyes treated with 1g/L dexamethasone (hormone group) and eyes treated with solvent (solvent control group).Haze grade evaluation was performed under the slit lamp after Epi-LASIK for 1,4 and 8wk.The repair of corneal epithelium was observed by using HE staining,and the expression of NF-kB protein P65 was detected by immunohistochemistry.The expression levels of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α,TGF-β1 and IL-1) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4,IL-10 and IL-13) were determined by ELISA.RESULTS: HE staining showed that the basal cells of corneal epithelium were more uniform and arranged regularly in AE groups after Epi-LASIK for 1wk as compared with the hormone group and the solvent control group.After 4wk,there were a few of new collagen fibers in the superficial stroma of AE group,forming a small amount of scar.After 8wk,the corneal stroma of AE group showed a small amount of new collagen fibers,arranged regularly,and rarely formed scar.At the early stage (1 and 4wk),AE treatment has an obviously effect on inhibiting the secretion of inflammatory factors (TNF-α,TGF-β1 and IL-1) and anti-inflammatory factors (IL-4,IL-10 and IL-13),and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01).Moreover,the activation of the NF-kB signaling pathway was significantly inhibited by treatment with AE in the early postoperative period (1 and 4wk).CONCLUSION: Amniotic extraction may reduce the inflammatory response in corneal epithelial cells by inhibiting the NF-kB signaling pathway,thereby inhibiting the formation of collagen and scar and the occurrence of haze.

Objective To establish serum NGAL reference range of healthy populations in Xi'an Area.Methods 2 665 cases (aged 6 to 95 years old,male 1 370,female 1 295) of health-check people were collected from March 2014 to October 2016 in Medical Examination Center of Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital,and 682 cases (aged 0 to 6 years old,male 356,female 326) were collected from preschool children of prevention.Serum NGAL concentration of them were analysed by immunoturbidimetry method with the Automatic Biochemical Analysis Assembly Line of Beckman-AU5800,and the detection data for statistical analysis.Then established the reference range of serum NGAL population of different age and different sex in Xi'an.Results The serum NGAL levels in healthy subjects showed a skewed distribution,which were preschool children under 6 years of age 37.66±23.12 ng/ml,6～15 years 39.25±25.34 ng/ml,16～49 years 46.68±27.06 ng/ml,and 50～ 69 years 57.82±29.13 ng/ml.Compared the first two with the latter,there was a significant difference (t=0.589,P＜ 0.05).The serum NGAL levels of over 70 years were 61.87 ± 32.64 ng/ml,and there was a significant difference between the ages of 15 and 49 and over 70 years (t=8.529,P＜0.01).At the same time,the serum NGAL was closely correlated with age (r=0.298,P＜0.01).But there was no significant difference in serum NGAL level between male and female (t=0.263～0.542,all P＞0.05).87ng/ml was the upper limit of the reference value for the age of 50 years.Conclusion The level of serum NGAL was related to age and increased with age,but not with gender.