China ; Food Safety ; Risk Assessment

Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Food Contamination ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant Formula ; chemistry ; Infant, Newborn ; Triazines ; poisoning ; Urinary Calculi ; chemically induced ; epidemiology

China ; Health Promotion ; methods ; Health Status ; Humans ; Nutritional Status ; Social Class ; Socioeconomic Factors

Consumer Product Safety ; legislation & jurisprudence ; Legislation, Food

Food Contamination ; prevention & control ; Public Health Practice

Adenocarcinoma ; pathology ; surgery ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; China ; epidemiology ; Digestive System Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; epidemiology ; Rectal Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging (MRV ) and digital subtraction arteriography (DSA ) in cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST). Methods Twenty-nine patients with CVST admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of the Third Military Medical University (Southwest Hospital)from January 2008 to February 2014 were enrolled retrospectively. Eleven of them were males and 18 were females. Their course of disease ranged from 3 days to 3 months. Nine patients were in the acute phase (<1 week),12 were in the subacute phase (1-2 weeks),and 8 were in the chronic phase (>2 weeks). All the patients were underwent magnetic resonance (MR)(T1 or T2 weighted image ),three-dimensional MRV,and DSA examinations. Results DSA detected 29 and MRV detected 24 patients. MRI revealed 12 patients had cerebral infarction and 7 had cerebral infarct and hemorrhage. On T2-weighted sequences,16 patients showed the flow void effect of venous sinus disappeared,and thromboses with different signals in the sinuses. MRV showed part development of the veins in 14 cases and no development in 10 cases,including 4 with collateral circulation. Compared with DSA,the positive detection rate of MRV was 82. 8%. The lesion sites of 3 patients involving the transverse sinus and 2 involving the sagittal sinus were not detected on MRV. Conclusion Compared with DSA,the MRV has a certain percentage of missed diagnosis rate for CVST. In clinical work,if MRV diagnosis is negative,it can not exclude the diagnosis of CVST,and further DSA examination is needed.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Clinical Laboratory Techniques ; DNA, Fungal ; genetics ; Evidence-Based Medicine ; Fungi ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Infant ; Mycological Typing Techniques ; Mycoses ; diagnosis ; microbiology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Serologic Tests ; Specimen Handling

Emergencies ; Food Services ; organization & administration ; Foodborne Diseases ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Risk Assessment

Based on the demand of nasal drug delivery high drug loadings, using the unique phase transfer of solute, integrating the phospholipid complex preparation and submicron emulsion molding process of Scutellariae Radix extract, the study obtained the preparation of the high drug loadings submicron emulsion of Scutellariae Radix extract. In the study of drug solution dispersion method, the uniformity of drug dispersed as the evaluation index, the traditional mixing method, grinding, homogenate and solute phase transfer technology were investigated, and the solute phase transfer technology was adopted in the last. With the adoption of new technology, the drug loading capacity reached 1.33% (phospholipid complex was 4%). The drug loading capacity was improved significantly. The transfer of solute method and timing were studied as follows,join the oil phase when the volume of phospholipid complex anhydrous ethanol solution remaining 30%, the solute phase transfer was completed with the continued recycling of anhydrous ethanol. After drug dissolved away to oil phase, the preparation technology of colostrum was determined with the evaluation index of emulsion droplet form. The particle size of submicron emulsion, PDI and stability parameters were used as evaluation index, orthogonal methodology were adopted to optimize the submicron emulsion ingredient and main influential factors of high pressure homogenization technology. The optimized preparation technology of Scutellariae Radix extract nasal submicron emulsion is practical and stable.
Administration, Intranasal ; Emulsions ; Plant Extracts ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods