Sox gene family is composed of a class of SRY gene,encoding a series of transcription factors.In the ontogeny,sox genes involved in a variety of development,such as sex determination and differentiation,neural development,cartilage formation.In recent years,researchers found that the abnormal expression of sox gene was related with the development of breast cancer,such as,the overexpression of Sox2 and Sox4 was related with breast cancer; Sox7 and Sox17 in breast cancer could act as tumor suppressor gene,the downregulation of which could activate Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Objective To explore the difference of gene sequence between the yeast- and the hyphal-form of Candida albicans. Methods The genomic DNA of both the yeast-form and the hyphal-form of seven isolates were extracted. The isolates were obtained from the same patient infected with HIV, but their sensitivities to fluconazole were different. These isolates were derived from the same C.albican strain as identified by chromosomal analysis and DNA subtype analysis. DNA fragments (310 bp) of ERG11 were amplified by PCR and the difference of DNA sequence between the two forms of each isolates was compared by DNA sequencing. Results Three isolates were found to have sequence difference between the yeast- and the hyphal-form of C. albicans at the position of 1 547 bp, 1 587 bp and 1 617 bp. Conclusion The sequence difference of ERG11 gene exists between the yeast- and the hyphal-form of C. albicans.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of pioglitazone on renal osteopontin expression in diabetic rats. METHODS: Sprague Dawlry rats were randomly divided into the normal control group and the model group. Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (STZ) in the model group rats. After diabetes was confirmed, diabetic rats were assigned randomly into three subgroups; the diabetic rats without treatment, 3 and 15 mg · kg-1 · d-1 pioglitazone treated diabetic rats. At the end of the 8th week, 24h urine samples were collected to examine microalbuminuria (mAlb). At the same time, blood glucose levels and serum creatinine (Scr) were measured. Stained kidney sections were observed under light microscope. The expressions of OPN protein and OPN mRNA were detected by immunohisto-chemistry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), respectively. RESULTS: Treatment with 3 and 15 mg · kg-1 · d-1 pioglitazone could decrease Scr, mAlb and RKW in diabetic rats. Compared with diabetic rats, blood glucose level was lower in diabetic rats treated with 15 mg · kg-1 · d-1 pioglitazone: however, no significant change was observed at the 3 mg-1 kg · d-1 dose. Compared with normal control rats, the OPN protein and mRNA expressions of the whole nephritic kidney in diabetic rats were upregulated (P<0.05). After treatment with 3 and 15 mg · kg-1 · d-1 pioglitazone, the expressions of OPN protein and mRNA reduced compared with diabetic rats (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The OPN expression in renal tissues is increased in diabetic rats, suggesting that OPN has emerged as a potential key pathophysiologic contributor in diabetic nephropathy (DN). Pioglitazone can reduce microalbuminuria in diabetic rats. The renal protective effect of pioglitazone in DN may involve the suppression of increased OPN.

Objective To observe the DNA damage in the human lung fibroblasts(HLF)induced by insoluble nickel compounds(Ni3S2 and Ni2O3)and soluble nickel compound(NiSO4),and to study the mechanism of carcinogenesis.Methods The DNA damage of HLF cells treated with different concentrations of Ni3S2,Ni2O3 and NiSO4 were detected with the method of single cell gel electrophoresis(SCGE).Results All of the three kinds of nickel compounds significantly caused DNA damage in HLF cells,the average tail moments of all nickel-treated groups were larger than those in the control group(P

This study aimed to study the criteria of two-way referral between tertiary-care hospital and communityhealth-care service center for patients with cerebralhemorrhage and a protocol of implementation to promote its treatment and rehabilitation.The criteria of two-way referral between tertiarycare hospital and community health-care service center for patients with cerebral hemorrhage after surgical operation were formulated on a trial basis with mutual consultation by the department of neurosurgery,Shenzhou hospital affiliated to Shenyang Medical College and Hunhewan Community Health-Care Service Center,Heping district,Shenyang. Totally,91 patients of cerebral hemorrhage admitted to the hospital during October 2007 to September 2010 were recruited for the study,46 in the intervention group with two-way referral and 45 in the control group by self-referral determined by their family members.All the patients of the two groups were followed-up for three years.During the follow-up in the intervention group,40 of 46 (95％) patients could comply with taking medication ordered by physicians,ability of daily living remarkably improved by Barthel index in 21 (50％),physical function recovered well in 33 (79％),34 (81％) could insist in self-monitoring and 32 (76％) could visit physicians for regular consultation,all these being significantly better than those in the control group (64％,31％,28％,25％ and 25％,respectively) (P ＜0.01 ).Medical and rehabilitative cost for patients with cerebral hemorrhage accounted for 575 RMB yuan per month in intervention group,as compared to 2246 RMB yuan for those in control group.Two-way referral for patients with cerebral hemorrhage can reduce their medical cost and promote their better rehabilitation.

Objective: To investigate the awareness of knowledge about HPV infections and the willingness to HPV vaccination among male university students in Tongzhou District, Beijing Municipality, so as to provide insights into the formulation of the HPV vaccination strategy among males. Methods: A total of 997 male university students in Tongzhou District were selected as the study subjects using a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method, and a self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the awareness of HPV infections and HPV vaccine, and willingness to HPV vaccination. In addition, the factors affecting the willingness to HPV vaccination were identified. Results: A total of 935 subjects were enrolled, with a mean age of (19.08±1.38) years, and there were 570 subjects with a Beijing household registration (60.96%). Among the 313 male university students that had heard of HPV, the awareness of HPV and HPV-related diseases was 59.42%, and among the 300 male university students that had heard of HPV vaccines, the awareness of HPV vaccines was 75.33%. The willingness to HPV vaccination was 38.50%, and the willingness was high among male university students with a non-Beijing household registration ( χ2=3.971, P=0.046 ), high household annual income ( χ2trend=6.219, P=0.013 ), short distance to vaccination clinics ( χ2=19.238, P<0.001 ), having heard of HPV ( χ2=11.188, P=0.001 ), having heard of HPV vaccine ( χ2=14.548, P<0.001 ), awareness of HPV and related diseases ( χ2=16.855, P<0.001 ) and awareness of HPV vaccine ( χ2=19.299, P<0.001 ). Conclusions The awareness of HPV and HPV vaccines and the willingness to HPV vaccination are low among male university students in Tongzhou District. Improving the correct recognition of HPV and HPV vaccines and the access to vaccination services are helpful to improve the willingness to HPV vaccination among male university students.

To investigate the effects of ischemia-reperfusion on the levels of nitric oxide and nitric oxide synthase isoforms (nNOS and iNOS), rat organotypic hippocampus slice were cultured in vitro and subjected to ischemia by oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) for 30 min and then placed in the normal culture condition. The ischemia-reperfusion produced a time-dependent increase in nitrite levels in the culture medium. Reverse transcriptional-polymerase chain reaction showed augmented levels of mRNA for both nNOS and iNOS when compared with control at 12 h and remained increase at 36 h after OGD (P < 0.05). The protein levels of both nitric oxide synthase isoforms increased significantly as determined by Western Blot. OGD also caused neurotoxicity in this model as revealed by the elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) efflux into the incubation solution. The results suggest that organotypic hippocampus slice is a useful model in studying ischemia-reperfusion brain injury. NO and NOS may play a critical role in the ischemia-reperfusion brain damage in vitro.
Animals, Newborn ; Cell Hypoxia ; Hippocampus/cytology ; Hippocampus/*metabolism ; Nitric Oxide/*metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I/*metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II/*metabolism ; RNA, Messenger/metabolism ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion Injury/*metabolism ; Tissue Culture Techniques

Objective To evaluate the performance of enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit in detection of Hepatitis B virus(HBV) markers by using improved and optimized method ,so as to provide a practical and feasible method and reagents for clinical laboratory .Methods ELISA test was used for the detection of HBV markers .The gradient dilution method was used to e‐valuate the lower limit .The verifiation of cut off value was carried out based on clinical and laboratory standards institute (CLSI) EP12‐A2 document .Samples with cut off values were collected to evaluate the precision ,including repeatability and intermediate precision .The coincidence rates were counted through comparing the results of ELISA with those of external quality assessment and those detected by using Abbott i4000SR chemiluminescence instrument .Results The lower detection limit of HBsAg ,HBsAb , HBeAg ,HBeAb and HBcAb were 0 .2 IU/mL ,20 mIU/mL ,1 NCU/mL ,0 .75 NCU/mL and 0 .05 NCU/mL respectively .The cut‐off value(C50 )± 20% concentration included the concentration range between C5 and C95 .The within‐run coefficient of variation (CV)≤15% ,in sandwich method the between‐run CV≤25% ,in competition method the between‐run CV≤35% .The positive and negative coincidence rates in accuracy and comparing with i 4000SR all were more than 95% and all κ>0 .75 .Conclusion ELISA tests for HBV markers in our laboratory could meet the requirements of the detection performance and clinical needs .

Objective:To study the effects of vitamin C (VC) on the injury of alveolar macrophages exposed to Ni2O3 in vitro and the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Method:The alveolar macrophages were cultured with exposure to Ni2O3 in vitro. Meanwhile,VC with different concentrations (25,50 and 100 ?mol/L) were added to the medium, respectively. The cell activity,nitric oxide(NO),reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA) and activities of SOD, GSH-Px,CAT and iNOS were detected. iNOS mRNA expression was detected by using RT-PCR. Results:VC could decrease mortality and increase survival activity of alveolar macrophages. VC could also decrease ROS,NO and NOS activity,increase SOD,GSH-Px, CAT activities and downregulate the expression of iNOS mRNA. Conclusion:The lipid peroxidation of alveolar macrophage could be induced by Ni2O3. VC could downregulate the expression of iNOS mRNA and reduce the production of ROS and NO through increasing the activity of antioxidative enzymes and antagonize the oxidative damage induced by Ni2O3.