Objective To investigate the adhesion mechanism of Lactobacillus acidophilus FN001外to Peyer's patches. Methods Adhesion of L. acidophilus FN001 to mice Peyer's patches was studied in vitro using a fluorescent quantization method. The nature of adhesion mediator was studied by the effects of physical, chemical and enzymatic pre-treatments of the bacteria on their adhesion and effect of sugars on in- hibition of adhesion. The presence of lectin-like proteins in the cell surface was determined by hemagglutina- tion. Effect of L. acidophilus FN001 on inhibition of adhesion of pathogens to Peyer's patches was also stud- ied. Results The adhesion of L. acidophilus FN001 was strongly inhibited in the presence of D-mannose and methyl-ct-D-mannoside. Pretreatment of L. acidophilus FN001 with pepsin and trypsin decreased the ad- hesive capacity indicating that cell surface proteins are involved in adhesion to Peyer's patches. L. acidophi- lus FN001 could agglutinate rabbit red cell in mannose specific manner and protease pretreatment could de-crease hemagglutinin, suggesting that L. acidophilus FN001 has mannose specific lectin (s). In adherence inhibition assay, L. acidophilus NF001 could significantly inhibit adhesion of E. coli ATCC25922 to Peyer's patches when L. acidophilus NF001 were applied to Peyer's patches first or at the same time with pathogen. Conclusion It was concluded that a mannose-specific protein mediated adhesion of L. acidophilus FN001 to the Peyer's patches, and L. acidophilus FN001 could inhibit adhesion of pathogen with similar lectins speci- ficity to Peyer's patches.

Objective To explore the effect of high-fat diet(HFD) on redox states of duodenum and calcium absorption in mice,and to analyze the relation between them.Method Fifty C57BL/6 male mice were randomly assigned to five groups.The control group consumed an ordinary diet(0.6% Ca,w/w),and other four groups were fed with HFD(19.64%lard,0.6% Ca),HFD plus 0.1% lipoid acid(LA),HFD with calcium supplement(1.6%Ca) and HFD with 1.6% Ca and 0.1% LA supplement.Calcium apparent absorption was measured by mineral balance study after feeding for 8 w.Plasma and duodenum levels of ROS,SOD,CAT,MDA,GSH/GSSG,and T-AOC were measured to evaluate the antioxidant status.Results HFD induced oxidative stress of duodenum and decrease of intestinal calcium absorption in mice.There were positive correlations between calcium apparent absorption with GSH/GSSG(r=0.801,P

Objective To investigate the changes in femoral gene expression profiles in C57BL/6 mice fed high-fat diet (HFD) via clustering analysis of DNA microarray.Method Sixteen male C57BL/6 mice (4w old) were randomly assigned to two groups,8 in each,after 4-d ordinary diet for adaptation.The control group was fed with an ordinary diet,and the HFD group with HFD(19.5% lard).All mice were sacrificed at the end of 12w and the femoral gene expression was detected by oligonucleotide microarray analysis with Affymetrix Gene Chip Mouse U430A.DAVID,an online tool,was used for clustering analysis on femoral gene expression.Results Longtime administration of HFD caused femoral gene expressed differences related to cation ion channel,transcription regulation and signal transduction,bone mineralization,phosphate metabolic process regulation,and collagen synthesis.Conclusion Longtime intake of HFD will change the expression of numerous bone metabolism-related genes in bone of mice,and then inhibit bone formation.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of using CT texture analysis to differentiate among lipid-poor adrenal adenoma,pheochromocytoma and adrenal metastases.Methods 66 lipid-poor adrenal adenoma,98 pheochromocytoma and 101 adrenal metastases lesions were analyzed retrospectively.All the patients had abdominal non-enhanced CT and adrenal enhanced CT scans.We used TexRAD software to analyze the textural features of CT images and compared the differences in each texture parameter among three adrenal lesions.Results On non-enhanced CT images,there were significant differences in Mean and Kurtosis at all the texture scales(SSF 0-6) among the three types of adrenal lesions (P<0.05),as well as SD at fine and coarse texture scale (SSF 2,6)(P<0.05).Entropy (SSF 0-3, 5-6) and MPP (SSF 0-2, 4-6) were significantly lower in lipid-poor adrenal adenoma and adrenal metastases than that in pheochromocytoma (P<0.05).There were significant differences in Skewness (SSF 0-3) among three types of lesions, which was lowest in pheochromocytoma and highest in adrenal metastases.On enhanced CT images, Mean, SD, Entrophy and MPP showed significantly differences among the three types of adrenal lesions at all the texture scales (SSF 0-6) (P<0.05), which were all highest in pheochromocytoma and lowest in adrenal metastases.Skewness (SSF 0) and Kurtosis (SSF 0, 2) were significantly lower in adrenal metastases than that in lipid-poor adrenal adenoma and pheochromocytoma (P<0.05).Conclusion There are significant differences in CT texture analysis parameters among lipid-poor adrenal adenoma,pheochromocytoma and adrenal metastases.CT texture analysis has potential clinical application values in differentiating these three adrenal lesions.

Older people generally had low health literacy, age related cognition decline and some even progress into dementia, burden on society was aggravating. Cognition decline of the elderly could lead to the decrease of health literacy. Meanwhile, higher level of health literacy was a protective factor against cognition decline in the elderly. This paper aimed to explore the relationship between health literacy and cognitive function in the elderly population without dementia, and to provide a theoretical basis for improving the health literacy and cognitive function of the elderly.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of McDonald cervical cerclage and the affecting factors. Methods Between January 2002 to December 2013 in Peking University First Hospital we performed McDonald cervical cerclage for 116 single pregnant women. They were defined as the successful group who deliveried the live babies after 28 weeks after the cerclage and the failure group who deliveried in the second trimester. According to the surgical indications they were divided into preventive cerclage group and therapeutic cerclage group. Then we analyzed the curative effect and the affecting factors in the groups. Results (1) In the 116 cases, 12 cases (10.3%) failed, and 104 cases (89.7%) succeeded. In the successful group, 37 cases (35.6%,37/104) deliveried pretermly and 67 cases (64.4%) deliveried termly. And there were 56 cases of vaginal delivery (53.8%), and 48 cases (46.2%) of cesarean section. (2) Among the 116 cases, 48 cases (41.4%) were included in prophylactic cerclage group, the gestational age was (16.3± 2.2) weeks, 68 (58.6%) cases were included in therapeutic group, the gestational age was (24.0±2.2) weeks. The operation time was (22±9) minutes in preventive group and (24±13) minutes in therapeutic group,there was no statistical difference between the two groups (P>0.05). Live-birth rate between preventive cerclage group and therapeutic cerclage group was no statistically significant difference (P>0.05). The term birth rate (72.9%, 35/48) in preventive group was higher than that in therapeutic group (47.1%, 32/68), the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). Neonatal hospitalization rate was lower in preventive group (14.6%, 7/48) than therapeutic group (36.8%, 25/68) , the difference was statistically significant (P< 0.01). (3) In the failure group placental pathology was examed in 7 cases. The placental tissue showed a large number of neutrophils infiltrating in 6 cases (6/7). In the successful group, 27 pregnant women deliveried between 28 to 33+6 weeks (26.0%,27/104), 10 pregnant women deliveried between 34 to 36+6 weeks 10 cases (9.6%, 10/104), 67 cases deliveried after 37 weeks (64.4%, 67/104). A lot of factors including maternal age, the previous cervix operation history, perioperative application of progesterone, operation time and preoperative invasive procedure were compared between the successful group and the failure group. Only maternal age and preoperative invasive proedcure were statistically significant (P<0.05) and the others had no statistical significance (P>0.05). (4) There were 68 cases in the therapeutic group, 7 cases failed, and 61 cases succeeded;the preoperative cervical os in failure group [ (21 ± 20) mm] was wider than that in successful group [(14±5) mm], the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05);and preoperative vaginal ultrasound measurement of cervical canal length were (18 ± 8) mm versus (19 ± 10) mm, there was no statistically significant difference (P>0.05). Conclusions The McDonald cervical cerclage for cervical incompetence is a simple, safe and high successful rate of intervention measures. The term labor rate of prophylactic cervical cerclage was higher than that of the therapeutic cerclage. Older maternal age and preoperative invasive procedure may be the risk factors for cerclage. The infection may play an important factor leading to the failure of McDonald cervical cerclage.

Objective To evaluate the role of SPECT cerebral perfusion imaging in assessing the stent implantation for cerebral artery stenosis.Methods A total of 35 patients (31 males,4 females,average age (63.9±10.8)years) with cerebral artery stenosis confirmed by DSA for cerebral artery stent implantation were retrospectively analyzed.99Tcm-ECD cerebral perfusion imaging was performed for all patients before and after stent implantation.The images were realigned and normalized by SPM 2.0 and then analyzed by Brain Search software for quantitative analysis.The brain was automatically separated to 210 functional areas according to Talarich map.The normalized averaged counts (NAC) of each area were calculated and compared with the data of 28 health controls (8 males,20 females,average age (35.8± 9.4) years).Less than 1.96s was defined as low perfusion lesions.The NAC values before and after stent implantation were compared for classifying improved from non-improved group.The mean number of lesions and Essen stroke risk score (ESRS) were analyzed between the two groups.The mean number of lesions and postoperative improvement rate of the internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusion and stenosis were compared.Paired rank sum test,two-sample t test,two-sample rank sum test and x2 test were used for statistical analysis.Results In 35 patients with low perfusion areas,20 were significantly improved after stent implantation.The mean number of lesions in the improved group (34.05± 14.41)was significantly higher than that in the non-improved group (22.93±17.24; t=2.067,P＜0.05).The mean ESRS of the improved patients (14.8)was significantly lower than that of the non-improved patients (22.3,Z=2.24,P＜0.05).The improvement rate of 28 cases with ICA stent implantation was (60.7％,17/28)higher than that of 7 cases with middle cerebral artery (MCA) stent implantation (3/7; P＞0.05).The mean number of the ICA occlusion lesions (34.36± 14.31)was higher than that of the ICA stenosis lesions(31.35± 16.37),but the difference was not statistically significant(t=0.498,P＞0.05).The improvement rate of the ICA occlusion was higher than that of the ICA stenosis (7/11 vs 10/17),but the difference was not statistically significant (P＞0.05).Conclusion SPECT cerebral perfusion imaging and its quantitative analysis can evaluate the low perfusion lesions before stent implantation and predict the perfusion improvement after stent implantation.

Objective:To optimize the extraction process of Hegan Lidan granules. Methods:In order to choose the optimal tech-nological parameters, the content of baicalin was determined by HPLC. An orthogonal method was utilized with solvent volume, extrac-tion time and extraction times as the impacting factors and the content of baicalin and extraction rate as the indices. Results:The opti-mal parameters were as follows:using 8-fold water as the solvent, the raw material was extracted three times with 2 h for each. Con-clusion:The process is steady and feasible, and can be used in the extraction of Hegan Lidan granules.

Bile duct injury is the most common complications of biliary surgery.With the development of tissue engineering,using artificial bile duct to treat the biliary tract disease has become the focus for the treatment of bile duct injury.This article summarizes the applications in clinical work and animal experiment of artificial bile ducts made of biological material,autologous tissue,non-absorbable polymer materials,as well as absorbable polymer materials in the clinical application and animal experiments.The advantageof each material is also discussed here.

AIM: To study the effects of dietary factor on liver gene expression profile in apoE~(-/-)/LDLR~(-/-)/Lepr~(db/db) mice and atherogenesis. METHODS: The gene expression profile was determined by using cDNA microarray. Total plasma TC and TG level were measured with COD-PAP and GPO-PAP methods respectively. The morphological characters of the aorta were also observed. RESULTS: Among the 4000 target genes, 78 and 114 genes were up-and down-regulated, respectively, in treble genes mutants fed with high fat high cholesterol diet compared with that of regular chow littermates, including lipid metabolism, carbohydrate, cell skeleton and immune related genes. Atherogenic diet induced severe plasma hyperlipidemia even in the early stage and also accelerated atherogenesis in the treble genes mutant mice. CONCLUSION: The data suggest that atherogenic diet aggravates abnormal plasma lipid metabolism and induces severe hyperlipidemia, and atherogenesis in the treble genes mutant mice as well.