By summarizing the state of application of "syndrome differentiation through formula effect assessment", it was pointed out that several problems exist in this kind of study, mainly the irrational setting of experimental control group, over simplified pharmacodynamic indexes, and negligence of study on "correspondence between drug and disease", etc. The authors proposed accordingly the thinking methods and strategy in the study on "syndrome differentiation through formula effect assessment" should be setting control properly, taken "correspondence between disease and syndrome" as the key point, and to define clearly the criteria for evaluating the efficacy of formula as the premise.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Phytotherapy ; Research Design ; Syndrome

Objective To analyze obese children serum lipid level in order to understand the relationship between serum lipid and cardiovascular disease in obese children.Methods One hundred and fifty-three children(109 male and 44 female)aged 4-16 years old with obesity who attended the outpatient clinic of Beijing Children′s Hospital were collected.Percentage body fat (%BF),body fat (BF),fat-free mass (FFM) was estimated by using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and calculate.Waist and hip circumference,waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) was estimated by soft tape measure and calculate.Skinfold thickness of scapular bone below (S) and triceps muscle (T),S/T rate was estimated by skin fold meter and calculate.Serum total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride(TG),high density lipoprotein(HDL-C),low density lipoprotein(LDL-C),apolipoprotein(Apo) AI and Apo B levels were also measured.SPSS 11.0 software was used to analyzed the data.Results The cardiovascular disease related was the prevalence of high TC levels(3.3%)or high LDL-C level(6.0%) and high TG level(24.7%) was rather low.HDL-C level was reduced in 31.3% of obese children.In children over 10 years old,%BW and %BF showed a weak correlation with HDL-C(r=-0.202,-0.211).Conclusions In obese children,serum lipid as well as Apo level should be exa-mined in order to evaluate angiocardiopathy.

Inosine 5′-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) is a key enzyme catalyzing the rate-limiting step of de novo nucleotide synthesis in vivo. In recent years, it has become a therapeutic target for anti-virus, anti-bacterial, anti-cancer, anti-parasitic and other diseases. IMPDH inhibitors have been shown to inhibit viral prolife-ration in host cells by depleting guanosine 5′-monophosphate (GMP), the raw material required for viral replication in host cells, with broad-spectrum antiviral properties. In order to find novel anti-coronavirus drugs, this study screened 22 potential IMPDH inhibitors from 70 000 natural small molecule libraries based on IMPDH protein structure using molecular docking and ROC calculation for virtual screening. With ribavirin as the positive control drug, Huh7 cell and H460 cell models were used to verify the anti-coronavirus HCoV-229E and HCoV-OC43 activities of 22 selected target compounds. Among them, compounds 11, 12, 15 and 16 showed inhibitory activity against coronavirus HCoV-229E. The compounds 4, 12, 13 and 15 showed inhibitory activities against coronavirus HCoV-OC43. 12 and 15 showed significant inhibitory activity against both two coronaviruses, and their efficacy was similar to ribavirin at the same dose, which can be further studied as a lead compound for IMPDH inhibitors.

Based on the electric field shielding and insulation technology, the single electrode dielectric barrier discharge ion source ( DBDI ) has the characteristics of uniform discharging, stability, and high ionization energy, and thus can be used to detect various samples with a large range of polarity. However, the ionization energy is too high to reduce the background signal noise, and thus affects the detection effectiveness to low polarity and low boiling point samples. To enhance the detection effectiveness to these samples, a method of eliminating electrons of single electrode DBDI by using external metal electrodes was developed in this study. Then, the single electrode DBDI was improved by an external needle electrode and an external metal net, respectively. The mechanism of those external metal electrodes was discussed, and the experimental studies were carried out. The results showed that the external metal net technology had an advantage in improving signal to noise ratio ( SNR ) , and the enhancement of SNR for the detection of isoprocarb, perfluorooctanoic acid and SudanⅢwas about 5-6 times. Based on the technology, a method for determination of Sudan Ⅲ in chili powder was developed. The recoveries, RSD and LOD were 83. 7%-94. 6% , 5. 6%-9. 0% and 23 mg/kg, respectively. The external metal electrode technique has broadened the detection range of single electrode DBDI to the field of low polarity, low boiling point and complex samples.

In this paper, based on analyzing the status quo and key problem of research on nature of Chinese materia medica, we propose the thinking of research on nature of Chinese materia medica in view of genetic relationship. Namely, according to the cue of documents arrangement and data excavation, in certern scope of genetic relationship, difinite the common pharmaco-effect of the same nature of drug, and analyze the chemical composition correlated the nature of drug, further more, reveal the related regularity of nature of Chinese materia medica-pharmaco-effect- chemical composition. Linking the nature of Chinese materia medica, pharmaco-effect and chemical composition will provide original thinking and view angle to break through the key problem of research on nature of Chinese materia medica.
Drug Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Genetics, Medical ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

According to the resource of medicinal plant's present situation and characteristic, we took the primary discussion on the method of synthetic assessment to the threat and priority conservation of medicinal plants, and constituted the corresponding system of synthetic assessment, regarding four aspects: coefficience of value, coefficience of distribution, coefficience of biology, coefficience of present situation, etc., and fifteen minor terms as standards.
China ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; economics ; methods ; Ethnobotany ; economics ; methods ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; growth & development

OBJECTIVETo assess the diagnostic value of FIB-4 in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) by comparing their results with histological features.

METHODS212 chronic hepatitis B patients underwent liver biopsy with a blood sample taken simultaneously. The serum level of ALT, AST, PLT were tested. These results together with age of the patients were put into the formula and final results of FIB-4 were computed. Three different endpoints were studied according to liver fibrosis stage, namely significant fibrosis (S2 to s4), extensive fibrosis (S3 to S4) and cirrhosis (S4). With liver biopsy as the gold standard, ROC curves were delineated for different endpoints. The area under the ROC curves reflected its diagnostic values.

RESULTSThe distribution of their fibrosis stage was as follows, S0:3 (1.4%); S1:49 (23.1%); S2:66 (31.1%); S3:50 (23.6%); S4:44 (20.8%). That means 160 patients (75.5%) had significant fibrosis (S2 to S4), 94 (44.3%) had extensive fibrosis (S3 to S4) and 44 (20.8%) had cirrhosis (S4). The AUCs of FIB-4 for significant fibrosis, extensive fibrosis and cirrhosis were 0.733 (95% CI: 0.660-0.806, P < 0.01), 0.746 (95% CI: 0.679-0.813, P < 0.01), 0.756 (95% CI: 0.687-0.825, P < 0.01) respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe FIB-4 index is a simple, accurate and inexpensive methed to assess liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis and may reduce the need for liver biopsy.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; analysis ; Biopsy ; Female ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques ; methods ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVEStudy the actual dosage of clinical prescription in gynecology of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and offer the consummate data for formulating the dosage standard of Chinese cut crude drug.

METHODWe made use of the methods of stratified sampling and random sampling to investigate 41,226 broth prescriptions of gynecology of TCM in 21 various hospitals, 18 provinces, and constructed the database, then applied Weka KDD software to analyze.

RESULTWe identified the frequency and clinical dosage intervals of 300 drugs, and the practical dosage of 155 drugs which dose has difference between in the actuality and in the pharmacopoeia. Most of drugs dosage centralized the three intervals: (3-6], (9-12], (12-15], and the concrete dosage were 9, 10, 12, 15 g, etc.

CONCLUSIONThe dosages in the pharmacopoeia are not coincided with the practical dosages in gynecology, and demand to revise. This paper will offer the consummate data for formulating the new dosage standard.

Drug Administration Schedule ; Female ; Gynecology ; methods ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods

OBJECTIVEStudy the actual dosage of clinical prescription in medical department of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and offer the consummate data for formulating the dosage standard of Chinese cut crude drug.

METHODWe made use of the methods of stratified sampling and random sampling to investigate 269 882 broth prescriptions of Medical Department of TCM in 21 various hospitals, 18 provinces, and constructed the database, then applied Weka KDD software to analyze.

RESULTWe identified the frequency and clinical dosage intervals of 300 drugs, and the practical dosage of 155 drugs which dose has difference between in the actuality and in the pharmacopoeia. Most of drug's dosage centralized the four intervals: (3-6], (9-12], (12-15], (18-21], and the concrete dosage were 3, 6, 10, 12, 15, 20 g, etc.

CONCLUSIONThe dosages in the pharmacopoeia are not coincided with the practical dosages in internal medicine, and demand to revise. This paper will offer the consummate data for formulating the new dosage standard.

Drug Administration Schedule ; Drug Prescriptions ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods

OBJECTIVETo explore therapeutic effects of bone setting manipulation for the treatment of over degree II supination-eversion fractures of ankle,and analyze manipulative reduction mechanism.

METHODSFrom 2005 to 2008, 95 patients with over degree II supination-eversion fractures of ankle were treated respectively by manipulation and operation. There were 43 cases [11 males and 32 females with an average age of (44.95 +/- 12.65) years] in manipulation group, and 2 cases were degree II, 11 cases were degree III, and 30 cases were degree IV. There were 52 cases [21 males and 31 females with an average age of (39.96 +/- 13.28) years] in operative group,and 6 cases were degree II, 18 cases were degree III, and 28 cases were degree IV. Bone setting manipulation and hard splint external fixation were applied to manipulative group. Operative reduction internal fixation was performed in operative group. X-ray was used to evaluate reduction of fracture before and after treatment, 2 months after treatment. Ankle joint function was evaluated according to Olerud-Molander scoring system after 6 months treatment.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up with good reduction. Three cases occurred wound complication in operative group, but not in manipulative group. In manipulation group, 19 cases got excellent results, 20 cases good and 4 cases fair; while in operative group, 30 cases got excellent results, 20 cases good and 2 cases poor. There were no significant differences in fracture reduction and ankle joint function recovery between two groups (P > 0.05). Efficacy of operative treatment was better than that of manipulative treatment at degree IV fracture (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONBone setting manipulation is a good method for treating supination-eversion ankle joint fractures, which has advantages of simple and safe operation, reliable efficacy. For ankle join fracture at degree IV, manipulative reduction should be adopted earlier, and operative treatment also necessary

Adult ; Ankle Injuries ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Ankle Joint ; physiology ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Fractures, Bone ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Manipulation, Orthopedic ; methods ; Supination