Objective To investigate the relationship between the serum ghrelin level and ?-cell function after treatment of patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods 34 patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus were divided into three groups of pre-treatment(DM0),two weeks after treatment(DM1)and six months after treatment(DM2).Intravenous glucose tolerance tests(IVGTT)were performed and blood glucose,HbA1C,ghrelin,insulin were measured during the study.Insulin sensitivity was assessed by homeostasis model assessment(HOMA).Results(1)Compared with DM0 group,beta-cell function and the mean AUC of insulin were dramatically improved in groups of DM1 and DM2(all P

Objective To investigate the relationship between the serum ghrelin level and β-cell function after treatment of patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods 34 patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus were divided into three groups of pre-treatment(DM0),two weeks after treatment(DM1)and six months after treatment(DM2).Intravenous glucose tolerance tests(IVGTT)were performed and blood glucose,HbA1C,ghrelin,insulin were measured during the study.Insulin sensitivity was assessed by homeostasis model assessment(HOMA).Results(1)Compared with DM0 group,beta-cell function and the mean AUC of insulin were dramatically improved in groups of DM1 and DM2(all P<0.05).(2)Compared with DM1 and DM2,ghrelin levels and the mean AUC of ghrelin in DM0 groups were lower(all P<0.05).(3)Only positive correlation between ghrelin and HOMA-β(r=0.446,P<0.05),and negative correlations of ghrelin with glucose(r=-0.274,P<0.05),insulin(r=-0.35,P<0.05)and BMI(r=-0.276,P<0.05)were found after six months of treatment.Conclusions Ghrelin might play an important role in the pathogenesis and progress of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

OBJECTIVE:To optimize the preparation technique of norcantharidin liposome(NL) and study its pharmaceutical properties. METHODS: With envelopment efficiency(EE), mean particle size and span of the liposome as indexes, the effects of thin-film dispersion method, injection method, reverse phase evaporation and reverse phase film-evaporation method on the EE and particle size of the NL were evaluated. And the uniform design was used to optimize the reverse phase film-evaporation preparation technique of NL with the amount of phospholipid (X1), the mass ratio of phospholipid/ cholesterol (X2), the sonde-type ultrasounding times (X3), the dilution times of buffer phosphate (X4), the volume ratio of oil/water phase (X5) and the mass ratio of lipoids/ drug (X6) as integrated indexes. A verification test was performed on the optimal technique. RESULTS: The formulation prepared by reverse phase film-evaporation technique exhibited the best EE. The preparation conditions of the optimized NL were as follows: X1=200 mg; X2=7∶1; X3=20 times; X4=50 times; X5=1∶4; X6=30∶1. The verification test showed that the EE, the mean particle size and the span of the liposome were (42.5?1.3)%, (210.9?2.1) nm and (0.61?0.12), respectively. CONCLUSION: NL was prepared successfully.

Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Vascular Diseases ; prevention & control

Objective To investigate the possible existence of HBoV in children with acute respiratory infections in Nanjing area and explore its relationship with clinical characteristics.Methods A total of 397 nasopharyngeal secretion samples were collected from children with acute respiratory infection,admitted from July 2009 to June 2010 in Nanjing Children'S Hospital affiliated to Nanjing Medical University,and 50 cases of children without symptoms of respiratory infection were recruited as control group,whose nasopharyngeal secretion samples were also collected.HBoV was determined by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR.MP and CT were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR in those HBoV-positive samples.RSV,ADV,IVA,IVB,PIV-1,PIV-2,PIV-3 and hMPV were detected by direct antigen-specific immunofluorescence assays.HBoV NP-1 fragments were amplified and sequenced in 5 HBoV positive samples randomly selected.The results were compared with the known GenBank sequence,and thereby the phylogenetic tree was established.The epidemiological characteristics,clinical presentation and the final clinical diagnosis of HBoV were analyzed according to the clinical data of the HBoV-positive patients.Results Thirty-three HBoV-positive cases were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR method with a positivity rate of 8. 3% ( 33/397 ). Among the 33 HBoV-positive cases, 19 cases (57.6%) were multiple infections with HBoV and other pathogens, the top three of which were MP (27.3% ,9/33 ),RSV (24.2% , 8/33 ) and PIV-3 ( 12. 1% ,4/33 ). Affected children aged from 7 to 36 months old accounted for 75.8% of the total ( 25/33 ). The measured HBoV NP-1 gene sequences of 5 specimens were consistent,indicating a high homology (99% to 100% ) with the stl, st2 and WHL-1. Conclusions HBoV is one of the pathogens of children's acute respiratory infections in Nanjing. HBoV NP-1 gene is highly conserved,with little variation in different seasons and in different regions and therefore can be used as a marker for real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and other methods.

ObjectiveTomonitorthehighriskbehaviorsandotherAIDS/STIrelatedfactorsamongmenwhohavesexwithmen(MSM),especiallymalehomosexualsinmainlandChina.MethodsSelf-administratedanonymousmailsurveyswerecarriedoutin2001,andanalyzedwithSPSS.ResultsOnethousandonehundredandnineeffectivequestionnaireswerecollectedfrom30provincesandcities.MostofMSMlivedinbigormedi-um-sizedcities,havinggoodeducation,andbeingyounger.Thenumbersofsamegendersexpartnersweremorethanone.Theyoftenhadcasualsexpartnersandunprotectedintercourse.Inthelastyear,11.45%reportedhavingbeendiagnosedSTI.AmongMSMwhohavebeentestedforHIVantibody,5.45%oftestswerepositive.ConclusionsWhileSTIratehasbeenreachingahighlevel,MSMwithSTIalsohavebeeninfectedwithHIVintheMSMofmainlandChina.OthergroupshavingsexwithMSMareatgreaterriskofSTI/HIVinfection.ItisinurgentneedtopreventandcontrolSTI/AIDSinMSM.

AIM: To compare the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer ( RNFL ) thickness and peripapillary topographic map's parameters between amblyopic eyes and non -amblyopic eyes in adolescent with anisometropic amblyopia by optical coherence tomography(OCT).
METHODS: Thirty - four juveniles with anisometropic amblyopia were selected. Peripapillary RNFL thickness and peripapillary topographic map were measured by frequency domain OCT with both eyes in all participants, and the differences between amblyopic eyes and non -amblyopic eyes were compared.
RESULTS: There was no significant difference in average thickness of peripapillary RNFL and in any other region of peripapillary RNFL. The disc area in amblyopic eyes was bigger than that in non - amblyopic eyes ( t =2. 8054,P= 0. 0263). The disc area in amblyopic eyes were significantly related to the thickness of nasal RNFL and the rim area(r= 0. 7592,0. 7501;P= 0. 0289,0. 0321).
CONCLUSION: There existed some difference in peripapillary structure between amblyopic eyes and non-amblyopic eyes in adolescent with anisometropic amblyopia.

Objective To study the effect of small dose mifepristone in the treatment of uterine fibroids.Methodsfrom January 2013~2015 year in January 100 cases of uterine fibroids were treated in Yiwu Maternal and Child Health Care Family Planning Center as the research object in the course of the study, patients began taking mifepristone in menstruation third days to 5 days, taking a total of 6.5 months, after the observation of its long-term use of low-dose mifepristone after treatment, changes in sex hormone the level of the effect of low-dose mifepristone in the treatment of patients with uterine fibroids and patients in the body, including the effects on the endometrium.The clinical symptoms and signs, the changes of hormone levels and the results of B-ultrasound were followed up.ResultsAll of the 100 patients were treated with low dose mifepristone for a period of time, all of them had amenorrhea.Before treatment, the level of estradiol in patients was (298.5±156) pmol/L, and the level of progesterone (2.8±1.3) was pmol/L.After 6.5 months of treatment, the level of estradiolof the patients was(228.4±114)pmol/L, and the level of progesterone(1.3±0.5)pmol/L was pmol/L.The results showed that the levels of progesterone and estradiol in patients after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment, with statistical difference (P<0.05).There was no significant change in endometrial thickness after long-term low-dose mifepristone treatment (P>0.05).After treatment, the total effective number of cases was 92 cases, the effective rate was 92%.ConclusionSmall dose of mifepristone for uterine fibroids clinical treatment effect is good, to a large extent, improve the effective rate of treatment and high safety, with the clinical significance of further promotion and application.

BACKGROUND: Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) can improve the liver function of rats with liver failure, which illustrates the important research value in the field of tissue engineering and cell transplantation.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic potential of human ADMSCs in heart failure rats and to discuss the possible biological mechanisms involved.METHODS: Heart failure rats were randomized into model and ADMSCs groups, which were given normal saline or DAPI-labeled human ADMSCs (3.0×106) via the tail vein. At 1, 3, 7 days after transplantation, we detected the biochemical indexes for liver function in rats. At 3 days after transplantation, the serum levels of cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-10, were detected, the histomorphological changes in the liver were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining, and the protein expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen was detected by western blot. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: We found that human ADMSCs could migrate to the liver and lung tissues in rats after the transplantation via the tail vein. At 1 and 3 days after transplantation, the levels of serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase were significantly reduced in the ADMSCs group as compared with the model group (P< 0.05); furthermore, the secretion of tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-10 was significantly suppressed at 3 days after cell transplantation (P < 0.05). The results of hematoxylin-eosin staining indicated a significant improvement in liver degeneration and necrosis. The expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen protein in the ADMSCs group was significantly up-regulated compared with the model group. To conclude, human ADMSCs can inhibit the inflammatory reaction and up-regulate the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, to promote the regeneration of liver cells and he recovery of liver function.

Objective To observe the inhibitive effect of electro-acupuncture (EA)at Zusanli points (ST36)on inflammatory mediators of postoperative intra-abdominal adhesions and study the relationship between EA and cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway.Methods Forty-eight male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups (each =8):Group A (control),Group B(abdominal adhesions model),Group C (abdominal adhesions plus EA),Group D(sham acu-point control),Group E (abdominal adhesions plus α-bungarotoxin )and Group F (abdominal adhesions plus EA after α-bungarotoxin).Animal models of abdominal adhesion were produced by Chiang’s path.Bilateral Zusanli points (ST36) and shame acupoints were electro-acupunctured at a constant voltage for 1 hour while rats were awake.The ɑ-BGT(1 μg/kg)was injected into the abdominal cavity after surgery.All the rats were sacrificed on the 3rd day,and the levels of inflammatory mediators (TNF-ɑ,NO and NOS)in tissues were evaluated.Results Three days after surgery,the damaged cecum of abdominal adhesion groups developed obvious edema that did not adhere with other tissues.Compared with sham control,the abdominal adhesion resulted in significant elevation of inflammatory mediators (TNF-ɑ,NO and NOS).EA at Zusanli points obviously lowered the elevated levels of inflammatory mediators (P <0.01 and P <0.05).EA at Zusanli points following the injection of ɑ-BGT showed less anti-inflammatory effect(P <0.01).Conclusion EA at Zusanli points significantly lowers the elevated levels of inflammatory mediators after abdominal adhesion challenge.The activation of cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway might be one of the mechanisms by which Zusanli points exert anti-inflammatory effects.