Objective To investigate the relationship between the serum ghrelin level and β-cell function after treatment of patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods 34 patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus were divided into three groups of pre-treatment(DM0),two weeks after treatment(DM1)and six months after treatment(DM2).Intravenous glucose tolerance tests(IVGTT)were performed and blood glucose,HbA1C,ghrelin,insulin were measured during the study.Insulin sensitivity was assessed by homeostasis model assessment(HOMA).Results(1)Compared with DM0 group,beta-cell function and the mean AUC of insulin were dramatically improved in groups of DM1 and DM2(all P<0.05).(2)Compared with DM1 and DM2,ghrelin levels and the mean AUC of ghrelin in DM0 groups were lower(all P<0.05).(3)Only positive correlation between ghrelin and HOMA-β(r=0.446,P<0.05),and negative correlations of ghrelin with glucose(r=-0.274,P<0.05),insulin(r=-0.35,P<0.05)and BMI(r=-0.276,P<0.05)were found after six months of treatment.Conclusions Ghrelin might play an important role in the pathogenesis and progress of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

OBJECTIVE:To optimize the preparation technique of norcantharidin liposome(NL) and study its pharmaceutical properties. METHODS: With envelopment efficiency(EE), mean particle size and span of the liposome as indexes, the effects of thin-film dispersion method, injection method, reverse phase evaporation and reverse phase film-evaporation method on the EE and particle size of the NL were evaluated. And the uniform design was used to optimize the reverse phase film-evaporation preparation technique of NL with the amount of phospholipid (X1), the mass ratio of phospholipid/ cholesterol (X2), the sonde-type ultrasounding times (X3), the dilution times of buffer phosphate (X4), the volume ratio of oil/water phase (X5) and the mass ratio of lipoids/ drug (X6) as integrated indexes. A verification test was performed on the optimal technique. RESULTS: The formulation prepared by reverse phase film-evaporation technique exhibited the best EE. The preparation conditions of the optimized NL were as follows: X1=200 mg; X2=7∶1; X3=20 times; X4=50 times; X5=1∶4; X6=30∶1. The verification test showed that the EE, the mean particle size and the span of the liposome were (42.5?1.3)%, (210.9?2.1) nm and (0.61?0.12), respectively. CONCLUSION: NL was prepared successfully.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the serum ghrelin level and ?-cell function after treatment of patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods 34 patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus were divided into three groups of pre-treatment(DM0),two weeks after treatment(DM1)and six months after treatment(DM2).Intravenous glucose tolerance tests(IVGTT)were performed and blood glucose,HbA1C,ghrelin,insulin were measured during the study.Insulin sensitivity was assessed by homeostasis model assessment(HOMA).Results(1)Compared with DM0 group,beta-cell function and the mean AUC of insulin were dramatically improved in groups of DM1 and DM2(all P

To study on the phylogenetic characterization of the VP1 genes of coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16) causing hand-food-mouth disease (HFMD) isolated from Anhui province in 2014. A total of 413 throat swab specimens from HFMD patients were collected during January to November, 2014 for the isolation and identification of enteroviruses using real-time RT-PCR assays. The VP1 regions of CVA16 isolates were amplified using RT-PCR and sequenced. And the phylogenetic tree was constructed among the VP1 regions of those isolates, the different genotypes and sub-genotypes of CVA16 strains. A total of 97 enteroviruses were isolated from 413 samples, the positive rate was 23.49% (97/413), including seventeen CVA16, seventy six HEV71 and four other enteroviruses. The results of the phylogenetic tree showed that 17.CVA16 strains isolated from Anhui in 2014 clustered within B1b evolution branch of B1 genotype. The nucleotide and amino acid sequence identities were 95.30%-100% and 98.70%-100% among the isolates, respectively, but within B1b branch of 17 strains formed several small transmission chains. The nucleotide acid of 17 CVA16 isolates in Anhui province were closed to the strains isolated from Yunnan, Hunan, Guangdong, Tibet and Jiangsu, especially from Hunan in 2013 and from Shenzhen of Guangdong in 2014, the identity were 96.40%-99.70%. The CVA16 strains isolated from Anhui in 2014 were all belong to genetic subtype B1b of B1 genotype was dominant, and among those isolates, several small virus transmission chains had formed with co-circulating and evolution.
China ; Enterovirus A, Human ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Enterovirus Infections ; virology ; Genotype ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Viral Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo observe preliminary efficacy of decompressive unilateral improved transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) for the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases.

METHODSFrom August 2009 to December 2011, 28 patients with lumbar degenerative diseases were treated by decompressive unilateral improved TLIF,including 16 males and 12 females with an average of 61 (aged 46 to 71) years old,the courses of disease ranged from 6 months to 6 years. Among them, 20 cases suffered from lumbar spinal stenosis, 8 cases were lumbar disc herniation. Decompressive range included single segment in 24 cases,and double segments in 4 cases; 15 cases were performed operation on the left side, 13 cases on the right side. JOA lower back pain scoring system (29 points) were applied for evaluate preoperative and postoperative symptoms, physical signs and sphincteral functions;Visual analogue scale (VAS) were used to evaluate preoperative and postoperative low back pain.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up 6 to 28 (mean 14) months. Postoperative JOA score and VAS score were 17.9 +/- 2.2, 2.8 +/- 0.7 respectively,and preoperative JOA score and VAS score were 8.5 +/- 1.7, 8.6 +/- 1.2, respectively. There were significant meaning in JOA and VAS scores before and after operation (P < 0.05). Twenty-eight patients were all obtained intervertebral synostosis.

CONCLUSIONDecompressive unilateral improved TLIF for treatment of unilateral radicular lumbar spinal stenosis and lumbar disc herniation,which has advantages of minimally invasive,curative effects,decrease medical costs,is worthy spreading in clinical.

Adult ; Aged ; Decompression, Surgical ; Female ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spinal Diseases ; surgery ; Spinal Fusion ; Treatment Outcome

Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Vascular Diseases ; prevention & control

Objective To investigate the application of expanded p01ytetrafluoroethylene(ePTFE)grafts in upper arm to build arteriovenous aCCeSS for hemodialysis. Methods ePTFE graft vascular access was built in the upper arm in 20 uremia patients.Three operation strategies were applied according to the reference,including loop grafts connected axillary artery and axillary vein,straight graft connected axillary artery and elbow basilic vein,and bridge connected elbow brachial artery and axillary vein. Results Twenty operations were successful and after 6-8 weeks the fistula of all cases were used in hemodialysis.The blood flows were 220-300 ml/min without re-circulation found.Conclusion ePTFE graft arteriovenous vascular access in the upper arm could be an alternative for hemodialysis patients who are difficult to build native arteriovenous fistula.

Objective To assess the radial systolic function of left ventricle(LV) in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy(DCM) by velocity vector imaging(VVI).Methods Sixteen patients with DCM and twenty control subjects were detected by VVI.VVI data were collected from the six basal segments and six mid segments in parastenal LV short axis views.The radial systolic velocity(V) ,strain(ε) ,strain rate(SR),the time to peak systolic velocity(PTV) and the time to maximum strain(PTε) were measured with special software.The differene of the earliest and the latest time to peak velocity(T-max) and the standard deviation of time to peak velocity(T-SD) of 12 segments were calculated.Results Compared to the controlled group,patients with DCM had significantly lower radial V,ε and SR (P ＜0.01) in all the 12 segments,significantly longer PTV and PTε (P ＜ 0.05) in most segments, and significantly larger T-max and T-SD (P ＜0.05).Conclusions VVI is useful to assess the abnormalities in LV radial movement in patients with DCM and could provide more information about regional cardiac function.

The present paper proposed a central-driven structure of upper limb rehabilitation robot in order to reduce the volume of the robotic arm in the structure, and also to reduce the influence of motor noise, radiation and other adverse factors on upper limb dysfunction patient. The forward and inverse kinematics equations have been obtained with using the Denavit-Hartenberg (D-H) parameter method. The motion simulation has been done to obtain the angle-time curve of each joint and the position-time curve of handle under setting rehabilitation path by using Solid Works software. Experimental results showed that the rationality with the central-driven structure design had been verified by the fact that the handle could move under setting rehabilitation path. The effectiveness of kinematics equations had been proved, and the error was less than 3° by comparing the angle-time curves obtained from calculation with those from motion simulation.
Biomechanical Phenomena ; Humans ; Models, Biological ; Robotics ; Stroke Rehabilitation ; Upper Extremity

Seventy eight infertile women were examined by three dimensional hysterosalpingocontrast-sonography(3D-HyCoSy) and X-ray hysterosalingography (HSG) to observe flowing condition of fallopian tube.With the laparoscopy as gold standard,the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value and negative predictive value of 3D-HyCoSy in diagnosis of fallopian tube infertility were 94.7％,83.7％,93.9％ and 82.4％ ; those for HSG were 96.4％,82.6％,92.3％,93.0％ and 90.5％,respectively.U test showed that two methods had good consistency. The results suggested that 3D-HyCoSy provides an effective method in evaluation of fallopian tube pathology for infertile women.